---
layout: docs
title: Modal
description: Use Bootstrap's JavaScript modal plugin to add dialogs to your site for lightboxes, user notifications, or completely custom content.
group: components
toc: true
---

## How it works

Before getting started with Bootstrap's modal component, be sure to read the following as our menu options have recently changed.

- Modals are built with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript. They're positioned over everything else in the document and remove scroll from the `<body>` so that modal content scrolls instead.
- Clicking on the modal "backdrop" will automatically close the modal.
- Bootstrap only supports one modal window at a time. Nested modals aren't supported as we believe them to be poor user experiences.
- Modals use `position: fixed`, which can sometimes be a bit particular about its rendering. Whenever possible, place your modal HTML in a top-level position to avoid potential interference from other elements. You'll likely run into issues when nesting a `.modal` within another fixed element.
- Once again, due to `position: fixed`, there are some caveats with using modals on mobile devices. [See our browser support docs]({{< docsref "/getting-started/browsers-devices#modals-and-dropdowns-on-mobile" >}}) for details.
- Due to how HTML5 defines its semantics, [the `autofocus` HTML attribute](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/HTML/Element/input#attr-autofocus) has no effect in Bootstrap modals. To achieve the same effect, use some custom JavaScript:

```js
$('#myModal').on('shown.bs.modal', function () {
  $('#myInput').trigger('focus')
})
```

{{< callout info >}}
{{< partial "callout-info-prefersreducedmotion.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}

Keep reading for demos and usage guidelines.

## Examples

### Modal components

Below is a _static_ modal example (meaning its `position` and `display` have been overridden). Included are the modal header, modal body (required for `padding`), and modal footer (optional). We ask that you include modal headers with dismiss actions whenever possible, or provide another explicit dismiss action.

Modal title
          
            ×

Modal body text goes here.

          Close
          Save changes

```html
<div class="modal" tabindex="-1">
  <div class="modal-dialog">
    <div class="modal-content">
      <div class="modal-header">
        <h5 class="modal-title">Modal title</h5>
        <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
          <span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
        </button>
      </div>
      <div class="modal-body">
        <p>Modal body text goes here.</p>
      </div>
      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
```

### Live demo

Toggle a working modal demo by clicking the button below. It will slide down and fade in from the top of the page.

Modal title
        
          ×

Woohoo, you're reading this text in a modal!

        Close
        Save changes

    Launch demo modal

```html
<!-- Button trigger modal -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#exampleModal">
  Launch demo modal
</button>

<!-- Modal -->
<div class="modal fade" id="exampleModal" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="exampleModalLabel" aria-hidden="true">
  <div class="modal-dialog">
    <div class="modal-content">
      <div class="modal-header">
        <h5 class="modal-title" id="exampleModalLabel">Modal title</h5>
        <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
          <span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
        </button>
      </div>
      <div class="modal-body">
        ...
      </div>
      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Save changes</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
```

### Static backdrop

When backdrop is set to static, the modal will not close when clicking outside it. Click the button below to try it.

Modal title
        
          ×

I will not close if you click outside me. Don't even try to press escape key.

        Close
        Understood

    Launch static backdrop modal

```html
<!-- Button trigger modal -->
<button type="button" class="btn btn-primary" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#staticBackdrop">
  Launch static backdrop modal
</button>

<!-- Modal -->
<div class="modal fade" id="staticBackdrop" data-backdrop="static" data-keyboard="false" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="staticBackdropLabel" aria-hidden="true">
  <div class="modal-dialog">
    <div class="modal-content">
      <div class="modal-header">
        <h5 class="modal-title" id="staticBackdropLabel">Modal title</h5>
        <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close">
          <span aria-hidden="true">&times;</span>
        </button>
      </div>
      <div class="modal-body">
        ...
      </div>
      <div class="modal-footer">
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-secondary" data-dismiss="modal">Close</button>
        <button type="button" class="btn btn-primary">Understood</button>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
```

### Scrolling long content

When modals become too long for the user's viewport or device, they scroll independent of the page itself. Try the demo below to see what we mean.

Modal title
        
          ×

What follows is just some placeholder text for this modal dialog. Sipping on Rosé, Silver Lake sun, coming up all lazy. It’s in the palm of your hand now baby. So we hit the boulevard. So make a wish, I'll make it like your birthday everyday. Do you ever feel already buried deep six feet under? It's time to bring out the big balloons. You could've been the greatest. Passport stamps, she's cosmopolitan. Your kiss is cosmic, every move is magic.
        
We're living the life. We're doing it right. Open up your heart. I was tryna hit it and quit it. Her love is like a drug. Always leaves a trail of stardust. The girl's a freak, she drive a jeep in Laguna Beach. Fine, fresh, fierce, we got it on lock. All my girls vintage Chanel baby.
        
Before you met me I was alright but things were kinda heavy. Peach-pink lips, yeah, everybody stares. This is no big deal. Calling out my name. I could have rewrite your addiction. She's got that, je ne sais quoi, you know it. Heavy is the head that wears the crown. 'Cause, baby, you're a firework. Like thunder gonna shake the ground.
        
Just own the night like the 4th of July! I’m gon’ put her in a coma. What you're waiting for, it's time for you to show it off. Can't replace you with a million rings. You open my eyes and I'm ready to go, lead me into the light. And here you are. I’m gon’ put her in a coma. Come on, let your colours burst. So cover your eyes, I have a surprise. As I march alone to a different beat. Glitter all over the room pink flamingos in the pool.
        
You just gotta ignite the light and let it shine! Come just as you are to me. Just own the night like the 4th of July. Infect me with your love and fill me with your poison. Come just as you are to me. End of the rainbow looking treasure.
        
I can't sleep let's run away and don't ever look back, don't ever look back. I can't sleep let's run away and don't ever look back, don't ever look back. Yes, we make angels cry, raining down on earth from up above. I'm walking on air (tonight). Let you put your hands on me in my skin-tight jeans. Stinging like a bee I earned my stripes. I went from zero, to my own hero. Even brighter than the moon, moon, moon. Make 'em go, 'Aah, aah, aah' as you shoot across the sky-y-y! Why don't you let me stop by?
        
Boom, boom, boom. Never made me blink one time. Yeah, you're lucky if you're on her plane. Talk about our future like we had a clue. Oh my God no exaggeration. You're original, cannot be replaced. The girl's a freak, she drive a jeep in Laguna Beach. It's no big deal, it's no big deal, it's no big deal. In another life I would make you stay. I'm ma get your heart racing in my skin-tight jeans. I wanna walk on your wave length and be there when you vibrate Never made me blink one time.
        
We'd keep all our promises be us against the world. If you get the chance you better keep her. It's time to bring out the big, big, big, big, big, big balloons. I hope you got a healthy appetite. Don't let the greatness get you down, oh, oh yeah. Yeah, she's footloose and so fancy free. I want the jaw droppin', eye poppin', head turnin', body shockin'. End of the rainbow looking treasure.

        Close
        Save changes

    Launch demo modal

You can also create a scrollable modal that allows scroll the modal body by adding `.modal-dialog-scrollable` to `.modal-dialog`.

Modal title
        
          ×

What follows is just some placeholder text for this modal dialog. You just gotta ignite the light and let it shine! Come just as you are to me. Just own the night like the 4th of July. Infect me with your love and fill me with your poison. Come just as you are to me. End of the rainbow looking treasure.
        
I can't sleep let's run away and don't ever look back, don't ever look back. I can't sleep let's run away and don't ever look back, don't ever look back. Yes, we make angels cry, raining down on earth from up above. I'm walking on air (tonight). Let you put your hands on me in my skin-tight jeans. Stinging like a bee I earned my stripes. I went from zero, to my own hero. Even brighter than the moon, moon, moon. Make 'em go, 'Aah, aah, aah' as you shoot across the sky-y-y! Why don't you let me stop by?
        
Boom, boom, boom. Never made me blink one time. Yeah, you're lucky if you're on her plane. Talk about our future like we had a clue. Oh my God no exaggeration. You're original, cannot be replaced. The girl's a freak, she drive a jeep in Laguna Beach. It's no big deal, it's no big deal, it's no big deal. In another life I would make you stay. I'm ma get your heart racing in my skin-tight jeans. I wanna walk on your wave length and be there when you vibrate Never made me blink one time.
        
We'd keep all our promises be us against the world. In another life I would be your girl. We can dance, until we die, you and I, will be young forever. And on my 18th Birthday we got matching tattoos. So open up your heart and just let it begin. 'Cause she's the muse and the artist. She eats your heart out. Like Jeffrey Dahmer (woo). Pop your confetti. (This is how we do) I know one spark will shock the world, yeah yeah. If you only knew what the future holds.
        
Sipping on Rosé, Silver Lake sun, coming up all lazy. It’s in the palm of your hand now baby. So we hit the boulevard. So make a wish, I'll make it like your birthday everyday. Do you ever feel already buried deep six feet under? It's time to bring out the big balloons. You could've been the greatest. Passport stamps, she's cosmopolitan. Your kiss is cosmic, every move is magic.
        
We're living the life. We're doing it right. Open up your heart. I was tryna hit it and quit it. Her love is like a drug. Always leaves a trail of stardust. The girl's a freak, she drive a jeep in Laguna Beach. Fine, fresh, fierce, we got it on lock. All my girls vintage Chanel baby.
        
Before you met me I was alright but things were kinda heavy. Peach-pink lips, yeah, everybody stares. This is no big deal. Calling out my name. I could have rewrite your addiction. She's got that, je ne sais quoi, you know it. Heavy is the head that wears the crown. 'Cause, baby, you're a firework. Like thunder gonna shake the ground.
        
Just own the night like the 4th of July! I’m gon’ put her in a coma. What you're waiting for, it's time for you to show it off. Can't replace you with a million rings. You open my eyes and I'm ready to go, lead me into the light. And here you are. I’m gon’ put her in a coma. Come on, let your colours burst. So cover your eyes, I have a surprise. As I march alone to a different beat. Glitter all over the room pink flamingos in the pool.

        Close
        Save changes

    Launch demo modal

```html
<!-- Scrollable modal -->
<div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-scrollable">
  ...
</div>
```

### Vertically centered

Add `.modal-dialog-centered` to `.modal-dialog` to vertically center the modal.

Modal title
        
          ×

Placeholder text for this demonstration of a vertically centered modal dialog.

        Close
        Save changes

Modal title
        
          ×

Placeholder text for this demonstration of a vertically centered modal dialog.
        
In this case, the dialog has a bit more content, just to show how vertical centering can be added to a scrollable modal.
        
What follows is just some placeholder text for this modal dialog. Sipping on Rosé, Silver Lake sun, coming up all lazy. It’s in the palm of your hand now baby. So we hit the boulevard. So make a wish, I'll make it like your birthday everyday. Do you ever feel already buried deep six feet under? It's time to bring out the big balloons. You could've been the greatest. Passport stamps, she's cosmopolitan. Your kiss is cosmic, every move is magic.
        
We're living the life. We're doing it right. Open up your heart. I was tryna hit it and quit it. Her love is like a drug. Always leaves a trail of stardust. The girl's a freak, she drive a jeep in Laguna Beach. Fine, fresh, fierce, we got it on lock. All my girls vintage Chanel baby.

        Close
        Save changes

    Vertically centered modal

    Vertically centered scrollable modal

```html
<!-- Vertically centered modal -->
<div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered">
  ...
</div>

<!-- Vertically centered scrollable modal -->
<div class="modal-dialog modal-dialog-centered modal-dialog-scrollable">
  ...
</div>
```

### Tooltips and popovers

[Tooltips]({{< docsref "/components/tooltips" >}}) and [popovers]({{< docsref "/components/popovers" >}}) can be placed within modals as needed. When modals are closed, any tooltips and popovers within are also automatically dismissed.

Modal title
        
          ×

Popover in a modal
        
This button triggers a popover on click.

Tooltips in a modal
        
This link and that link have tooltips on hover.

        Close
        Save changes

    Launch demo modal

```html
<div class="modal-body">
  <h5>Popover in a modal</h5>
  <p>This <a href="#" role="button" class="btn btn-secondary popover-test" title="Popover title" data-content="Popover body content is set in this attribute.">button</a> triggers a popover on click.</p>
  <hr>
  <h5>Tooltips in a modal</h5>
  <p><a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="Tooltip">This link</a> and <a href="#" class="tooltip-test" title="Tooltip">that link</a> have tooltips on hover.</p>
</div>
```

### Using the grid

Utilize the Bootstrap grid system within a modal by nesting `.container-fluid` within the `.modal-body`. Then, use the normal grid system classes as you would anywhere else.

Grids in modals
        ×

.col-md-4
            
.col-md-4 .ml-auto

.col-md-3 .ml-auto
            
.col-md-2 .ml-auto

.col-md-6 .ml-auto

              Level 1: .col-sm-9

                  Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6

                  Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6

        Close
        Save changes

  Launch demo modal

```html
<div class="modal-body">
  <div class="container-fluid">
    <div class="row">
      <div class="col-md-4">.col-md-4</div>
      <div class="col-md-4 ml-auto">.col-md-4 .ml-auto</div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
      <div class="col-md-3 ml-auto">.col-md-3 .ml-auto</div>
      <div class="col-md-2 ml-auto">.col-md-2 .ml-auto</div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
      <div class="col-md-6 ml-auto">.col-md-6 .ml-auto</div>
    </div>
    <div class="row">
      <div class="col-sm-9">
        Level 1: .col-sm-9
        <div class="row">
          <div class="col-8 col-sm-6">
            Level 2: .col-8 .col-sm-6
          </div>
          <div class="col-4 col-sm-6">
            Level 2: .col-4 .col-sm-6
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>
```

### Varying modal content

Have a bunch of buttons that all trigger the same modal with slightly different contents? Use `event.relatedTarget` and [HTML `data-*` attributes](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/HTML/Howto/Use_data_attributes) (possibly [via jQuery](https://api.jquery.com/data/)) to vary the contents of the modal depending on which button was clicked.

Below is a live demo followed by example HTML and JavaScript. For more information, [read the modal events docs](#events) for details on `relatedTarget`.

{{< example >}}
Open modal for @mdo
Open modal for @fat
Open modal for @getbootstrap

New message
        
          ×

            Recipient:

            Message:

        Close
        Send message

{{< /example >}}

```js
$('#exampleModal').on('show.bs.modal', function (event) {
  var button = $(event.relatedTarget) // Button that triggered the modal
  var recipient = button.data('whatever') // Extract info from data-* attributes
  // If necessary, you could initiate an AJAX request here (and then do the updating in a callback).
  // Update the modal's content. We'll use jQuery here, but you could use a data binding library or other methods instead.
  var modal = $(this)
  modal.find('.modal-title').text('New message to ' + recipient)
  modal.find('.modal-body input').val(recipient)
})
```

### Change animation

The `$modal-fade-transform` variable determines the transform state of `.modal-dialog` before the modal fade-in animation, the `$modal-show-transform` variable determines the transform of `.modal-dialog` at the end of the modal fade-in animation.

If you want for example a zoom-in animation, you can set `$modal-fade-transform: scale(.8)`.

### Remove animation

For modals that simply appear rather than fade in to view, remove the `.fade` class from your modal markup.

```html
<div class="modal" tabindex="-1" aria-labelledby="..." aria-hidden="true">
  ...
</div>
```

### Dynamic heights

If the height of a modal changes while it is open, you should call `$('#myModal').modal('handleUpdate')` to readjust the modal's position in case a scrollbar appears.

### Accessibility

Be sure to add `aria-labelledby="..."`, referencing the modal title, to `.modal`. Additionally, you may give a description of your modal dialog with `aria-describedby` on `.modal`. Note that you don't need to add `role="dialog"` since we already add it via JavaScript.

### Embedding YouTube videos

Embedding YouTube videos in modals requires additional JavaScript not in Bootstrap to automatically stop playback and more. [See this helpful Stack Overflow post](https://stackoverflow.com/questions/18622508/bootstrap-3-and-youtube-in-modal) for more information.

## Optional sizes

Modals have three optional sizes, available via modifier classes to be placed on a `.modal-dialog`. These sizes kick in at certain breakpoints to avoid horizontal scrollbars on narrower viewports.

       Size
       Class
       Modal max-width

       Small
       .modal-sm
       300px

       Default
       None
       500px

       Large
       .modal-lg
       800px

       Extra large
       .modal-xl
       1140px

Our default modal without modifier class constitutes the "medium" size modal.

  Extra large modal
  Large modal
  Small modal

```html
<div class="modal-dialog modal-xl">...</div>
<div class="modal-dialog modal-lg">...</div>
<div class="modal-dialog modal-sm">...</div>
```


Extra large modal
        
          ×

        ...

Large modal
        
          ×

        ...

Small modal
        
          ×

        ...

## Usage

The modal plugin toggles your hidden content on demand, via data attributes or JavaScript. It also adds `.modal-open` to the `<body>` to override default scrolling behavior and generates a `.modal-backdrop` to provide a click area for dismissing shown modals when clicking outside the modal.

### Via data attributes

Activate a modal without writing JavaScript. Set `data-toggle="modal"` on a controller element, like a button, along with a `data-target="#foo"` or `href="#foo"` to target a specific modal to toggle.

```html
<button type="button" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal">Launch modal</button>
```

### Via JavaScript

Call a modal with id `myModal` with a single line of JavaScript:

```js
$('#myModal').modal(options)
```

### Options

Options can be passed via data attributes or JavaScript. For data attributes, append the option name to `data-`, as in `data-backdrop=""`.

       Name
       Type
       Default
       Description

       backdrop
       boolean or the string 'static'
       true
       Includes a modal-backdrop element. Alternatively, specify static for a backdrop which doesn't close the modal on click.

       keyboard
       boolean
       true
       Closes the modal when escape key is pressed

       focus
       boolean
       true
       Puts the focus on the modal when initialized.

       show
       boolean
       true
       Shows the modal when initialized.

### Methods

{{< callout danger >}}
{{< partial "callout-danger-async-methods.md" >}}
{{< /callout >}}

#### `.modal(options)`

Activates your content as a modal. Accepts an optional options `object`.

```js
$('#myModal').modal({
  keyboard: false
})
```

#### `.modal('toggle')`

Manually toggles a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown or hidden** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.modal` or `hidden.bs.modal` event occurs).

```js
$('#myModal').modal('toggle')
```

#### `.modal('show')`

Manually opens a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been shown** (i.e. before the `shown.bs.modal` event occurs).

```js
$('#myModal').modal('show')
```

#### `.modal('hide')`

Manually hides a modal. **Returns to the caller before the modal has actually been hidden** (i.e. before the `hidden.bs.modal` event occurs).

```js
$('#myModal').modal('hide')
```

#### `.modal('handleUpdate')`

Manually readjust the modal's position if the height of a modal changes while it is open (i.e. in case a scrollbar appears).

```js
$('#myModal').modal('handleUpdate')
```

#### `.modal('dispose')`

Destroys an element's modal.

### Events

Bootstrap's modal class exposes a few events for hooking into modal functionality. All modal events are fired at the modal itself (i.e. at the `<div class="modal">`).

       Event Type
       Description

       show.bs.modal
       This event fires immediately when the show instance method is called. If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the relatedTarget property of the event.

       shown.bs.modal
       This event is fired when the modal has been made visible to the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete). If caused by a click, the clicked element is available as the relatedTarget property of the event.

       hide.bs.modal
       This event is fired immediately when the hide instance method has been called.

       hidden.bs.modal
       This event is fired when the modal has finished being hidden from the user (will wait for CSS transitions to complete).

       hidePrevented.bs.modal
       This event is fired when the modal is shown, its backdrop is static and a click outside the modal or an escape key press is performed with the keyboard option or data-keyboard set to false.

```js
$('#myModal').on('hidden.bs.modal', function (event) {
  // do something...
})
```
