## The Cluster Sender object

### Table of Contents

- Introduction
- Concurrent Parallel Delivery
- Nested Elements
- Attributes
  1. Common Sender Attributes
  2. Common Transport Attributes
  3. Common PooledSender Attributes

### Introduction

The channel sender component is responsible for delivering outgoing cluster messages over the network. In the default implementation, `org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter`, the sender is a fairly empty shell with not much logic around a fairly complex `<Transport>` component the implements the actual delivery mechanism.

### Concurrent Parallel Delivery

In the default `transport` implementation, `org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender`, Apache Tribes implements what we like to call "Concurrent Parallel Delivery". This means that we can send a message to more than one destination at the same time(parallel), and deliver two messages to the same destination at the same time(concurrent). Combine these two and we have "Concurrent Parallel Delivery".

When is this useful? The simplest example we can think of is when part of your code is sending a 10MB message, like a war file being deployed, and you need to push through a small 10KB message, say a session being replicated, you don't have to wait for the 10MB message to finish, as a separate thread will push in the small message transmission at the same time. Currently there is no interrupt, pause or priority mechanism available, but check back soon.

### Nested Elements

The nested element `<Transport>` is not required, but encouraged, as this is where you would set all the socket options for the outgoing messages. Please see its attributes below. There are two implementations, in a similar manner to the receiver, one is non-blocking based and the other is built using blocking IO.
`org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.bio.PooledMultiSender` is the blocking implementation and `org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender`. Parallel delivery is not available for the blocking implementation due to the fact that it is blocking a thread on sending data.

### Attributes

#### Common Sender Attributes

Attribute | Description
--- | ---
`className` | Required, only available implementation is `org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter`

#### Common Transport Attributes

Attribute | Description
--- | ---
`className` | Required, an implementation of the `org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.MultiPointSender`. Non-blocking implementation is `org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender` Blocking implementation is `org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.bio.PooledMultiSender`
`rxBufSize` | The receive buffer size on the socket. Default value is `25188` bytes.
`txBufSize` | The send buffer size on the socket. Default value is `43800` bytes.
`udpRxBufSize` | The receive buffer size on the datagram socket. Default value is `25188` bytes.
`udpTxBufSize` | The send buffer size on the datagram socket. Default value is `43800` bytes.
`directBuffer` | Possible values are `true` or `false`. Set to true if you want the receiver to use direct bytebuffers when writing data to the sockets. Default value is `false`
`keepAliveCount` | The number of requests that can go through the socket before the socket is closed, and reopened for the next request. The default value is `-1`, which is unlimited.
`keepAliveTime` | The number of milliseconds a connection is kept open after its been opened. The default value is `-1`, which is unlimited.

`timeout`

Sets the SO_TIMEOUT option on the socket. The value is in milliseconds and the default value is `3000` milliseconds.(3 seconds) This timeout starts when a message send attempt is starting, until the transfer has been completed. For the NIO sockets, this will mean, that the caller can guarantee that we will not attempt sending the message longer than this timeout value. For the blocking IO implementation, this translated directly to the soTimeout.
A timeout will not spawn a retry attempt, in order to guarantee the return of the application thread.

`maxRetryAttempts` | How many times do we retry a failed message, that received a IOException at the socket level. The default value is `1`, meaning we will retry a message that has failed once. In other words, we will attempt a message send no more than twice. One is the original send, and one is the `maxRetryAttempts`.
`ooBInline` | Boolean value for the socket OOBINLINE option. Possible values are `true` or `false`.
`soKeepAlive` | Boolean value for the socket SO_KEEPALIVE option. Possible values are `true` or `false`.
`soLingerOn` | Boolean value to determine whether to use the SO_LINGER socket option. Possible values are `true` or `false`. Default value is `true`.
`soLingerTime` | Sets the SO_LINGER socket option time value. The value is in seconds. The default value is `3` seconds.
`soReuseAddress` | Boolean value for the socket SO_REUSEADDR option. Possible values are `true` or `false`.
`soTrafficClass` | Sets the traffic class level for the socket, the value is between 0 and 255. Default value is `int soTrafficClass = 0x04 | 0x08 | 0x010;` Different values are defined in java.net.Socket#setTrafficClass(int).
`tcpNoDelay` | Boolean value for the socket TCP_NODELAY option. Possible values are `true` or `false`. The default value is `true`
`throwOnFailedAck` | Boolean value, default value is `true`. If set to true, the sender will throw a `org.apache.catalina.tribes.RemoteProcessException` when we receive a negative ack from the remote member. Set to false, and Tribes will treat a positive ack the same way as a negative ack, that the message was received.

#### Common PooledSender Attributes

Attribute | Description
--- | ---
`poolSize` | The maximum number of concurrent connections from A to B. The value is based on a per-destination count. The default value is `25`
`maxWait` | The maximum number of milliseconds that the senderPool will wait when there are no available senders. The default value is `3000` milliseconds.(3 seconds).