TAP-plugins
Tom's Audio Processing plugins
for audio engineering on the Linux platform

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TAP Reverb Editor
User Manual

## Starting the program

If the program is correctly installed on your system, all you have to do is type `reverbed`. However, there are a few command-line parameters that are worth mentioning:

- -a: by default, the program does not connect its inputs and outputs to any JACK port. When this option is used, the program will try to connect its inputs to the first two hardware capture ports, and its outputs to the first two hardware playback ports.
- -i: same as -a, but connect only the inputs to hardware capture ports.
- -o: same as -a, but connect only the outputs to hardware playback ports.
- -c <client_name>: use <client_name> instead of the default 'reverbED' when registering to JACK. You need this option if you want to run more than one instance of the program at the same time, since JACK client programs must have unique client names.

## The main window

The main window (as shown above) lets you do most of the work. It consists of three areas: the top part provides controls for adjusting global parameters of the reverberation unit, as well as three buttons to launch additional windows (Port Setup, Save / Export, About). The middle part (with the combo box and the New, Copy, Rename, Del buttons) lets you manage your Reverb Types by creating new ones from scratch or from an existing one, as well as renaming and deleting them. Finally, the notebook provides controls to adjust internal parameters of a chosen Reverb Type. So let's describe them in detail.

## Global parameters

- Comb filters: this toggle button switches processing of comb filters on/off, the default being switched on. Comb filters simulate the early reflections part of the reverb sound.
- Allpass filters: switches processing of allpass filters on/off, the default being switched on. Allpass filters simulate the dense 'tail' of the reverb; they add more depth to the reverberated sound.
- Bandpass filter: switches the bandpass filter on/off, the default being switched on. The bandpass filter has a low and high cutoff frequency; the spectral content that falls outside this range is attenuated. It processes the sound coming from the comb and allpass filters, and makes the effect more natural by filtering out those frequencies that normally do not occur in natural reverberation.
- Enhanced Stereo: adds spatial spread to the reverb sound, largely adding to its depth and dimension. It sounds so great, it's best to always leave this on. It does not consume extra CPU, just changes the way internal parameters are calculated.

The TAP Reverberator manual has detailed advice about setting the following plugin parameters.

- Decay: adjusts a mostly important global parameter of the whole effect. Larger values create depth, while smaller ones create the feel of tighter, smaller spaces.
- Dry Level: adjusts the amount of the incoming dry signal in the output signal.
- Wet Level: adjusts the amount of processed signal in the output signal.

Some people will agree that the BYPASS button provides the most useful feature of the program. ;-)

## Managing Reverb Types

It's all about creating the perfect sounding reverb for your own use! TAP Reverb Editor comes with a set of Reverb Types, but the whole point is that you can create your own ones. Let's see what the program provides to this end.

- The Reverb Type selector combo box holds the name of all currently available Reverb Types. Use it to select a Reverb Type to listen to, or operate on.

These buttons provide functions for Reverb Type management:

- New: create a new Reverb Type from scratch. After you enter the new name in the dialog that pops up when you press this button, an 'empty' Reverb Type with that name is created and inserted into the list, so it will show up in the combo box. The new Reverb Type is not completely empty: it has one comb filter and one allpass filter, with their parameters set to default values. The bandpass low and high cutoff frequencies are also set to default values.
- Copy: create a new Reverb Type, starting out as a copy of the currently selected Reverb Type. Use this to enhance existing Reverb Types while keeping the old version as well. Or create a working copy of an already satisfactory Reverb Type for random experimentations without spoiling the original.
- Rename: change the name of the currently selected Reverb Type.
- Delete: remove a Reverb Type that you don't like.

Any changes you make to any Reverb Type (including creating, renaming and deleting them) remains in memory until you explicitly tell the program to save Reverb Types to file (more on saving later). So if you mess something up, just exit the program without using the Save / Export button, and all your changes will be gone.

## Editing a Reverb Type

Reverberation is modelled by a set of comb filters, allpass filters and a bandpass filter. The maximum number of comb filters is 20, and the same limit applies to allpass filters. (It's easy to heighten this limit in the source code, but that is beyond the scope of this manual.)

### Mastering the filters

The notebook pages Comb Filters and Allpass Filters consist of a graphical display representing each comb/allpass filter with a vertical line. There are controls to cycle through all filters (Next and Prev buttons), add/remove filters (New, Del) and adjust the parameters of the currently selected filter (spin/slider controls at the bottom of the page). The currently selected filter is highlighted in the graphical display.

The reverb sound will immediately follow the changes you make to filter settings. It is possible to set filters so hot that they start operating as oscillators instead of filters (usually at extreme high feedback and extreme low delay time settings). If this happens while you are editing a Reverb Type, don't panic. Just hit the BYPASS button -- that will zero out all internal buffers so everything will cool down. While the effect is bypassed, move the filter parameters that caused trouble back to the 'safe area', then re-enable the plugin.

#### Comb filters

Comb filters are responsible for creating early reflections. They have three parameters: Delay, Feedback and Freq. Response. The delay time is proportional to the distance the sound travels before it reaches your ear as an early reflection. As each comb filter simulates a certain area where acoustic reflection occurs (a wall or the ceiling for example, but possibly other objects as well), the delay time you set determines the virtual distance of this object from the sound source and the listener. In the graphical display, the horizontal position of the line representing the filter depends on this parameter.

Various kinds of materials reflect and absorb acoustic energy in various degrees. The feedback parameter provides control of this effect. For something that is a very good reflector (a flat brick-wall for example) a reasonably high feedback value should be used. In the graphical display, the length of the line representing the filter depends on this parameter.

There is a secondary effect taken into account when simulating early reflections: not only does the reflection ratio of acoustic surfaces vary from one to another, but the reflection ratio of surfaces is also frequency-dependent. Higher frequencies are attenuated more, thus high frequency components decay in a shorter time. The Frequency Response slider sets the amount of high attenuation for a given comb filter. There is nearly no extra attenuation of high frequencies when it is set to zero. In the graphical display, the color of the line representing the filter depends on this parameter. Filters with lower Freq. Response values (which mean smaller extra attenuation of high frequencies) will be plot with a 'hotter' shade.

#### Allpass filters

Allpass filters are responsible for creating a reverb tail that makes the reverberation thicker and more natural sounding. They have two parameters, identical to the first two parameters of comb filters. Note, however, that the maximum delay time of allpass filters is about an order of magnitude lower than of comb filters. The graphical representation of allpass filters is done in the same way as comb filters, but here each line has the same color.

#### Bandpass filter

This notebook page provides two sliders to set the low and high cutoff frequencies of the bandpass filter.

### Impulse Response: a visual aid

A cornerstone of linear systems theory is that any linear system (such as a complex digital filter like this reverb) is unequivocally determined by its impulse response. Apart from this theoretical curiosity, it may be useful to take a look at the impulse response of a Reverb Type while inspecting or modifying it.

The Length slider below the plot lets you choose the end time of the simulation (with the start point being at time zero). The time needed to finish plotting is proportional to the time simulated. As this is quite a CPU-demanding operation, it is never performed automatically: you have to press the Recalculate button every time you want to see a new plot of the currently active Reverb Type.

Please note that the simulation shows the impulse response of the 'clean' reverb: the settings of the dry and wet levels as well as the BYPASS button are irrelevant. The decay time setting and the global switches (Comb Filters, Allpass Filters, Bandpass Filter, Enhanced Stereo) do affect the plot, though.

## Port Setup

When you press the Port Setup button, a dialog similar to the above pops up. It is very much like the input/output connections dialog of a mixer-strip in Ardour, the only difference being that here the input and output ports setup is performed in one dialog.

The upper half of the window handles connections to the input ports. On the left, each input port has a list of its current connections. By clicking on any list item, that connection will be removed. The Clear connections button removes all connections from the input ports.

The notebook on the right has a page for all client programs and hardware devices available to the JACK server. By selecting a page, you will see a list of that client's output ports. Clicking on a list item connects the port to the currently selected input port (which has a blue header). You can change the selected input port by clicking on the unselected (grey) list header. When you add connections to the input ports, the selection alters between the two inputs.

Connecting the outputs can be performed in the same manner. If you start up another JACK client while the dialog is open, you may press the Rescan button to make it appear in the notebooks on the right. Closing and re-opening the dialog has the same effect, since JACK ports are re-read and a new dialog instance is built every time.

## Save / Export

### Saving your work

After you have had a good time messing around with Reverb Types, you may want to leave everything as it was. In this case, just exit the program and every change you made will be lost. However, there may be times when you do have something to save: in this case, you will want to make the changes permanent. So press the Save / Export button, and the above dialog will appear.

Since there is quite a lengthy explanation included in this dialog, things are pretty straightforward. The program stores everything there is to Reverb Types in one file, and reads it every time you start the program. The file read on program startup is always `~/.reverbed` (a file called `.reverbed` in your home directory), but you have the option to write to another file in case you want to maintain different versions of the file.

> #### A request to all users

> The author of this program kindly asks you that if you develop any new Reverb Type that you think would be of general interest, please send him your `.reverbed` file via e-mail, along with your name (if your mail headers don't tell it all). Good Reverb Types will be included in the next release (with due credit given to the original author, that's why I need your name). This is a perfect way to give something back for this software, and other users will benefit from it as well. Thank you.

### Exporting to TAP Reverberator

Since this program is a JACK client, it cannot be automated from within powerful hosts such as Ardour. However, if you created a good Reverb Type, the program supports transferring its data into TAP Reverberator, which is a LADSPA plugin for the same reverberation algorithm. It has the advantage of being automatable on Ardour mixes, but it has no capabilities for editing Reverb Types (that's why TAP Reverb Editor was created, after all).

Exporting is the process of making the set of Reverb Types in TAP Reverberator be identical to the set of Reverb Types in this program. To do this, you have to export two files named `tap_reverb_presets.h` and `tap_reverb.rdf` to an arbitrary place on your computer storage. In the source code directory of the TAP-plugins LADSPA plugin package you will find two files with these names. Overwrite them with the newly exported ones, and re-compile and re-install the TAP-plugins package. That's all, you will have the same Reverb Types available in TAP Reverberator after that. Pretty cool, eh?