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ch_wave_main.cc
/*************************************************************************/
/* */
/* Centre for Speech Technology Research */
/* University of Edinburgh, UK */
/* Copyright (c) 1995,1996 */
/* All Rights Reserved. */
/* */
/* Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to use and distribute */
/* this software and its documentation without restriction, including */
/* without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, */
/* distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of this work, and to */
/* permit persons to whom this work is furnished to do so, subject to */
/* the following conditions: */
/* 1. The code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of */
/* conditions and the following disclaimer. */
/* 2. Any modifications must be clearly marked as such. */
/* 3. Original authors' names are not deleted. */
/* 4. The authors' names are not used to endorse or promote products */
/* derived from this software without specific prior written */
/* permission. */
/* */
/* THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH AND THE CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS WORK */
/* DISCLAIM ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING */
/* ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS, IN NO EVENT */
/* SHALL THE UNIVERSITY OF EDINBURGH NOR THE CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE */
/* FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES */
/* WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN */
/* AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, */
/* ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF */
/* THIS SOFTWARE. */
/* */
/*************************************************************************/
/* Author : Paul Taylor */
/* Date : April 1995 */
/*-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* Change EST_Wave utility main */
/* */
/*=======================================================================*/
#include <cstdlib>
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include "EST_Wave.h"
#include "EST_cmd_line.h"
#include "EST_cmd_line_options.h"
#include "EST_sigpr.h"
#include "EST_wave_aux.h"
#include "EST.h"
#define sgn(x) (x>0?1:x?-1:0)
void wave_extract_channel(EST_Wave &single, const EST_Wave &multi, EST_IList &ch_list);
void extract_channels(EST_Wave &single, const EST_Wave &multi, EST_IList &ch_list);
/** @name <command>ch_wave</command> <emphasis>Audio file manipulation</emphasis>
@id ch_wave_manual
* @toc
*/
//@{
/**@name Synopsis
*/
//@{
//@synopsis
/**
ch_wave is used to manipulate the format of a waveform
file. Operations include:
<itemizedlist>
<listitem><para>file format conversion</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>resampling (changing the sampling frequency)</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>byte-swapping</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>making multiple input files into a single multi-channel output file</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>making multiple input files into a single single-channel output file</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>extracting a single channel from a multi-channel waveform</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>scaling the amplitude of the waveform</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>low pass and high pass filtering</para></listitem>
<listitem><para>extracting a time-delimited portion of the waveform</para></listitem>
</itemizedlist>
ch_wave is a executable program that serves as a wrap-around for the
EST_Wave class and the basic wave manipulation functions. More
advanced waveform processing is performed by the signal processing library.
*/
//@}
/**@name OPTIONS
*/
//@{
//@options
//@}
int main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
EST_Wave sig, sigload;
EST_String in_file("-"), out_file("-"), op_file(""), test;
EST_Option al;
EST_StrList files;
EST_Litem *p;
parse_command_line
(argc, argv,
EST_String("[input file0] [input file1] ... -o [output file]\n")+
"Summary: change/copy/combine waveform files\n"+
"use \"-\" to make input and output files stdin/out\n"+
"-h Options help\n\n"+
options_wave_input()+
options_wave_output()+
"-scale <float> Scaling factor. Increase or descrease the amplitude\n"
" of the whole waveform by the factor given\n\n"
"-scaleN <float> Scaling factor with normalization. \n"
" The waveform is scaled to its maximum level, after which \n"
" it is scaled by the factor given\n\n"
"-lpfilter <int> Low pass filter, with cutoff frequency in Hz \n"
" Filtering is performed by a FIR filter which is built at run \n"
" time. The order of the filter can be given by -forder. The \n"
" default value is 199\n\n"
"-hpfilter <int> High pass filter, with cutoff frequency in Hz \n"
" Filtering is performed by a FIR filter which is \n"
" built at run time. The order of the filter can \n"
" be given by -forder. The default value is 199.\n\n"
"-forder <int> Order of FIR filter used for lpfilter and \n"
" hpfilter. This must be ODD. Sensible values range \n"+
" from 19 (quick but with a shallow rolloff) to 199 \n"
" (slow but with a steep rolloff). The default is 199.\n\n"
"-fafter Do filtering after other operations such as \n"
" resampling (default : filter before other operations)\n\n"
"-info Print information about file and header. \n"
" This option gives useful information such as file \n"
" length, sampling rate, number of channels etc\n"
" No output is produced\n\n"
"-add A new single channel waveform is created by adding \n"
" the corresponding sample points of each input waveform\n\n"
"-pc <string> Combine input waveforms to form a single \n"
" multichannel waveform. The argument to this option controls \n"
" how long the new waveform should be. If the option \n"
" is LONGEST, the output wave if the length of the \n"
" longest input wave and shorter waves are padded with \n"
" zeros at the end. If the option is FIRST, the length \n"
" of the new waveform is the length of the first file \n"
" on the command line, and subsequent waves are padded \n"
" or cut to this length\n\n"
"-key <ifile> Label file designating subsections, for use with \n"
" -divide. The KEYLAB file is a label file which specifies \n"
" where chunks (such as individual sentences) in \n"
" a waveform begin and end. See section of wave extraction.\n\n"
"-divide Divide a single input waveform into multiple output \n"
" waveforms. Each output waveform is extracted from the \n"
" input waveform by using the KEYLAB file, which \n"
" specifies the start and stop times for each chunk. \n"
" The output files are named according to the filename \n"
" in the KEYLAB file, with extension given by -ext. See \n"
" section on wave extraction\n\n"
"-ext <string> File extension for divided waveforms\n\n"
"-compress <float> Apply Dynamic Range Compression by factor specified \n"
"-extract <string> Used in conjunction with -key to extract a \n"
" single section of waveform from the input \n"
" waveform. The argument is the name of a file given \n"
" in the file column of the KEYLAB file.\n",
files, al);
out_file = al.present("-o") ? al.val("-o") : (EST_String)"-";
// There will always be at least one (or stdin)
// The first is dealt specially in case its *way* big
if (read_wave(sig, files.first(), al) != format_ok)
exit(-1);
if (al.present("-info"))
wave_info(sig);
// concat or parallelize remaining input files
if (files.length() > 1)
{
for (p= files.head()->next(); p != 0; p=p->next())
{
if (read_wave(sigload, files(p), al) != format_ok)
exit(-1);
if (al.present("-info"))
wave_info(sigload);
else if (al.present("-pc"))
{
if ((downcase(al.val("-pc")) == "longest") &&
(sig.num_samples() < sigload.num_samples()))
sig.resize(sigload.num_samples());
else /* "first" or sig is longer */
sigload.resize(sig.num_samples());
sig |= sigload;
}
else if (al.present("-add"))
add_waves(sig, sigload);
else
sig += sigload;
}
}
if (al.present("-info"))
exit(0); // done what I've been asked to so stop
// All input files are now in a single wave called sig
// default is to filter before any resampling etc.
// (this may cause problems for multiplexed data !)
if(!al.present("-fafter")){
if(al.present("-lpfilter"))
FIRlowpass_filter(sig,al.ival("-lpfilter"),al.ival("-forder"));
if(al.present("-hpfilter"))
FIRhighpass_filter(sig,al.ival("-hpfilter"),al.ival("-forder"));
}
if (al.present("-c")) // extract a channel from a multi-channel wave
{
EST_StrList s;
EST_IList il;
EST_Wave nsig;
StringtoStrList(al.val("-c"), s, " ,"); // separator can be space or comma
StrListtoIList(s, il);
extract_channels(nsig, sig, il);
sig = nsig;
}
if (al.present("-F")) // resample
sig.resample(al.ival("-F"));
if (al.present("-compress")) // Dynamic Range Compression
{
float mu = al.fval("-compress" , 0);
float lim = 30000.0;
sig.compress(mu, lim);
}
if (al.present("-scale")) // rescale
{
float scale = al.fval("-scale", 0);
sig.rescale(scale);
}
if (al.present("-scaleN")) // rescale
{
float scale = al.fval("-scaleN", 0);
if ((scale < 0) || (scale > 1.0))
{
cerr << "ch_wave: -scaleN must be in range 0 to 1" << endl;
exit(-1);
}
sig.rescale(scale,1);
}
EST_Relation key;
if (al.present("-divide"))
{
EST_WaveList wl;
if (!al.present("-key"))
{
cerr << "Must have key file specified when dividing waveform\n";
exit (-1);
}
if (key.load(al.val("-key")) != format_ok)
exit(-1);
if (wave_divide(wl, sig, key, al.val("-ext", 0)) == -1)
exit(0);
for (p = wl.head(); p; p = p->next())
wl(p).save(wl(p).name(), al.val("-otype", 0));
exit(0);
}
else if (al.present("-extract"))
{
EST_Wave e;
if (!al.present("-key"))
{
cerr << "Must have key file specified when dividing waveform\n";
exit (-1);
}
if (key.load(al.val("-key")) != format_ok)
exit(-1);
if (wave_extract(e, sig, key, al.val("-extract")) == -1)
exit (-1);
sig = e;
}
// if we are filtering after other operations
if(al.present("-fafter")){
if(al.present("-lpfilter"))
FIRlowpass_filter(sig,al.ival("-lpfilter"),al.ival("-forder"));
if(al.present("-hpfilter"))
FIRhighpass_filter(sig,al.ival("-hpfilter"),al.ival("-forder"));
}
write_wave(sig, out_file, al);
return 0;
}
/** @name Making multiple waves into a single wave
If multiple input files are specified, by default they are concatenated into
the output file.
</para>
<para>
<screen>
$ ch_wave kdt_010.wav kdt_011.wav kdt_012.wav kdt_013.wav -o out.wav
</screen>
</para>
<para>
In the above example, 4 single channel input files are converted to
one single channel output file. Multi-channel waveforms can also be
concatenated provided they all have the same number of input channels.
</para><para>
Multiple input files can be made into a multi-channel output file by
using the -pc option:
</para><para>
<screen>
$ ch_wave kdt_010.wav kdt_011.wav kdt_012.wav kdt_013.wav -o -pc LONGEST out.wav
</screen>
</para>
<para>
The argument to -pc can either be LONGEST, in which the output
waveform is the length of the longest input file, or FIRST in which it
is the length of the first input file.
*/
//@{
//@}
/** @name Extracting channels from multi-channel waves
The -c option is used to specify channels which should be extracted
from the input. If the input is a 4 channel wave,
</para><para>
<screen>
$ ch_wave kdt_m.wav -o a.wav -c "0 2"
</screen>
</para>
<para>
will extract the 0th and 2nd channel (counting starts from 0). The
argument to -c can be either a single number of a list of numbers
(wrapped in quotes)
*/
//@{
//@}
/** @name Extracting of a single region from a waveform
There are several ways of extracting a region of a waveform. The
simplest way is by using the start, end, to and from commands to
delimit a sub portion of the input wave. For example
</para><para>
<screen>
$ ch_wave kdt_010.wav -o small.wav -start 1.45 -end 1.768
</screen>
</para>
<para>
extracts a subwave starting at 1.45 seconds and extending to 1.768 seconds.
alternatively,
</para><para>
<screen>
$ ch_wave kd_010.wav -o small.wav -from 5000 -to 10000
</screen>
</para>
<para>
extracts a subwave starting at 5000 samples and extending to 10000
samples. Times and samples can be mixed in sub-wave extraction. The
output waveform will have the same number of channels as the input
waveform.
*/
//@{
//@}
/** @name Extracting of a multiple regions from a waveform
Multiple regions can be extracted from a waveform, but as it would be
too complicated to specify the start and end points on the command
line, a label file with start and end points, and file names is used.
The file is called a key label file and in xwaves label format looks
like:
</para>
<para>
<screen>
separator ;
#
0.308272 121 sil ; file kdt_010.01 ;
0.440021 121 are ; file kdt_010.02 ;
0.512930 121 your ; file kdt_010.03 ;
0.784097 121 grades ; file kdt_010.04 ;
1.140969 121 higher ; file kdt_010.05 ;
1.258647 121 or ; file kdt_010.06 ;
1.577145 121 lower ; file kdt_010.07 ;
1.725516 121 than ; file kdt_010.08 ;
2.315186 121 nancy's ; file kdt_010.09 ;
</screen>
</para>
<para>
Each line represents one region. The first column is the end time of
that region and the start time of the next. The next two columns are
colour and an arbitrary name, and the filename in which the output
waveform is to be stored is kept as a field called file in the last column.
In this example, each region corresponds to a single word in the file.
If the above file is called "kdt_010.words.keylab", the command:
</para>
<para>
<screen>
$ ch_wave kdt_010.wav -key kdt_010.words -ext .wav -divide
</screen>
</para>
<para>
will divide the input waveform into 9 output waveforms called
kdt_010.01.wav, kdt_010.02.wav ... kdt_010.09.wav. The -ext option
specifies the extension of the new waveforms, and the -divide command
specifies that division of the entire waveform is to take place.
If only a single file is required the -extract option can be used, in
which case its argument is the filename required.
</para>
<para>
<screen>
$ ch_wave kdt_010.wav -key kdt_010.words -ext .wav -extract kdt_010.03 \
-o kdt_010.03.wav
</screen>
</para>
<para>
Note that an output filename should be specified with this option.
*/
//@{
//@}
/** @name Adding headers and format conversion
It is usually a good idea for all waveform files to have headers as
this way different byte orders, sampling rates etc can be handled
safely. ch_wave provides a means of adding headers to raw files.
The following adds a header to a file of 16 bit shorts
</para>
<para>
<screen>
$ ch_wave kdt_010.raw1 -o kdt_010.h1.wav -otype nist -f 16000 -itype raw
</screen>
</para>
<para>
The following downsamples the input to 8 KHz
</para>
<para>
<screen>
$ ch_wave kdt_010.raw1 -o kdt_010.h2.wav -otype nist -f 16000 \
-F 8000 -itype raw
</screen>
</para>
<para>
The following takes a 8K ulaw input file and produces a 16bit, 20Khz output file:
</para>
<para>
<screen>
$ ch_wave kdt_010.raw2 -o kdt_010.h3.wav -otype nist -istype ulaw \
-f 8000 -F 20000 -itype raw
</screen>
*/
//@{
//@}
//@}
EST_Option
Definition EST_Option.h:50
EST_Option::fval
float fval(const EST_String &rkey, int m=1) const
Definition EST_Option.cc:98
EST_Option::ival
int ival(const EST_String &rkey, int m=1) const
Definition EST_Option.cc:76
EST_Relation
Definition EST_Relation.h:68
EST_Relation::load
EST_read_status load(const EST_String &filename, const EST_String &type="esps")
Definition EST_Relation.cc:620
EST_String
Definition EST_String.h:70
EST_TKVL::val
const V & val(const K &rkey, bool m=0) const
return value according to key (const)
Definition EST_TKVL.cc:145
EST_TKVL::present
const int present(const K &rkey) const
Returns true if key is present.
Definition EST_TKVL.cc:222
EST_TList::first
const T & first() const
return const reference to first item in list
Definition EST_TList.h:146
EST_Wave
Definition EST_Wave.h:65
EST_Wave::compress
void compress(float mu, float limit)
Dynamic Range Compression - SaiKrishna May 2017.
Definition EST_Wave.cc:503
EST_Wave::resample
void resample(int rate)
Resample waveform to rate.
Definition EST_Wave.cc:489
EST_Wave::resize
void resize(int num_samples, int num_channels=EST_ALL, int set=1)
resize the waveform
Definition EST_Wave.h:184
EST_Wave::rescale
void rescale(float gain, int normalize=0)
Definition EST_Wave.cc:517
EST_Wave::num_samples
int num_samples() const
return the number of samples in the waveform
Definition EST_Wave.h:143