### 4.24.4 Commands for user defined types

User defined types are normal data types (which do not belong to a ring, even if they have ring dependent parts), so they can be passed as argument to procedures, and received as result from procedures.

In order to apply kernel commands to these types (like `string`, `+`), provide a usual procedure (say `proc p`..) for that task and install it via `system("install",` user_type `,` kernel_command `,p,` number_of_args `);`. The user_type and kernel_command have to be given as strings. For kernel_command having a variable number of arguments (internal `CMD_M`) use 4 independent of the number of really supplied arguments.

List of available kernel commands and the required number_of_args, some accept several variants and appear therefore at several places:

- inplace binary operands: `+,-,*,/,div,%,&,|, [`, number_of_args:2
- unary functions: `attrib, bareiss, betti, char, char_series, charstr, cleardenom, close, convhull, defined, deg, degree, denominator, det, dim, dump, ERROR, envelope, execute, facstd, factorize, finduni, gen, getdump, hilb, impart, indepSet, interred, jacob, janet, kbase, killattrib, lead, leadcoef, leadexp, leadmonom, load, ludecomp, maxideal, memory, minbase, minres, monitor, monomial, mult, mstd, nameof, ncols, npars, nrows, numerator, nvars, open, opposite, ord, ordstr, par, pardeg, parstr, preimage, prime, primefactors, prune, qhweight, rank, read, regularity, repart, ringlist, rvar, sba, size, slimgb, sortvec, sqrfree, syz, trace, transpose, twostd, typeof, univariate, var, variables, varstr, vdim, waitfirst, waitall, weight`

- functions with 2 arguments: `attrib, betti, bracket, chinrem, coeffs, contract, deg, delete, diff, dim, extgcd, eliminate, exportto, facstd, factorize, farey, fetch, fglm, fglmquot, find, fres, frwalk, gcd, hilb, homog, hres, imap, importfrom, indepSet, insert, interpolation, janet, kbase, kernel, killattrib, koszul, lift, liftstd, load, lres, modulo, mpresmat, mres, newstruct, nc_algebra, nres, oppose, parstr, primefactors, quotient, random, rank, read, sba, simplify, sqrfree, sres, varstr, waitfirst, waitall, wedge`

- functions with 3 arguments: `attrib, bareiss, coeffs, eliminate, find, fres, frwalk, hilb, homog, insert, koszul, laguerre, lift, liftstd, newstruct, preimage, random, resultant, sba, vandermonde`

- functions with variable number of arguments arguments (number_of_args:4): `breakpoint, coef, dbprint, division, factmodd, intersect, jet, luinverse, lusolve, minor, names, option, qrds, reduce, reservedName, simplex, status, std, subst, system, test, uressolve, write`

Example:

      newstruct("nt","int a,poly b,string c");
      nt A;
      A;
    ==> c=
    ==> b=<poly>
    ==> a=0
      ring r;
      // a pretty print routine for nt:
      proc pretty_print(nt A)
      {
        "nt with string c:"+A.c+" and poly:"+string(A.b);
      }
      system("install","nt","print",pretty_print,1); // default printing uses print
      A;
    ==> nt with string c: and poly:0
    ==>
      // a custem add for nt:
      proc nt_add(nt A,nt B)
      {
        nt C;
        C.a=A.a+B.a; C.b=A.b+B.b; C.c=A.c+B.c;
        return(C);
      }
      system("install","nt","+",nt_add,2);
      A.b=x;
      nt B; B.c="B"; B.b=y;
      A+B;
    ==> nt with string c:B and poly:x+y
    ==>

User manual for Singular version 4.4.1, 2025, generated by texi2html.