rest2web: Building Websites Across the Known Universe

- rest2web
- >
- Test Site
- >
- Science
- >
- Hacker Preface
- >
- Chronology

# The Hacker Crackdown - Chronology

## By Bruce Sterling

- Preface
- Introduction
- Part One
- Part Two
- Part Three
- Part Four
- Afterword
- Chronology

# Chronology of the Hacker Crackdown

1865
  U.S. Secret Service (USSS) founded.
1876
  Alexander Graham Bell invents telephone.
1878
  First teenage males flung off phone system by enraged authorities.
1939
  "Futurian" science-fiction group raided by Secret Service.
1971
  Yippie phone phreaks start YIPL/TAP magazine.
1972
  Ramparts magazine seized in blue-box rip-off scandal.
1978
  Ward Christenson and Randy Suess create first personal computer bulletin board system.
1982
  William Gibson coins term "cyberspace." "414 Gang" raided.
1983
  AT&T dismantled in divestiture.
1984

  Congress passes Comprehensive Crime Control Act giving USSS jurisdiction over credit card fraud and computer fraud.

  "Legion of Doom" formed.

  2600: The Hacker Quarterly founded.

  Whole Earth Software Catalog published.

1985
  First police "sting" bulletin board systems established. Whole Earth 'Lectronic Link computer conference (WELL) goes on-line.
1986

  Computer Fraud and Abuse Act passed.

  Electronic Communications Privacy Act passed.

1987
  Chicago prosecutors form Computer Fraud and Abuse Task Force.
1988

  July. Secret Service covertly videotapes "SummerCon" hacker convention.

  September. "Prophet" cracks BellSouth AIMSX computer network and downloads E911 Document to his own computer and to Jolnet.

  September. AT&T Corporate Information Security informed of Prophet's action.

  October. Bellcore Security informed of Prophet's action.

1989

  January. Prophet uploads E911 Document to Knight Lightning.

  February 25. Knight Lightning publishes E911 Document in Phrack electronic newsletter.

  May. Chicago Task Force raids and arrests "Kyrie."

  June. "NuPrometheus League" distributes Apple Computer proprietary software.

  June 13. Florida probation office crossed with phone-sex line in switching-station stunt.

  July. "Fry Guy" raided by USSS and Chicago Computer Fraud and Abuse Task Force.

  Secret Service raids "Prophet," "Leftist," and "Urvile" in Georgia.

1990

  January.

  > 15. Martin Luther King Day Crash strikes AT&T long-distance network nationwide. January 18-19 Chicago Task Force raids Knight Lightning in St. Louis. January
  > 24. USSS and New York State Police raid "Phiber Optik," "Acid Phreak," and "Scorpion" in New York City. February
  > 1. USSS raids "Terminus" in Maryland. February
  > 3. Chicago Task Force raids Richard Andrews' home. February
  > 6. Chicago Task Force raids Richard Andrews' business. February
  > 6. USSS arrests Terminus, Prophet, Leftist, and Urvile. February
  > 9. Chicago Task Force arrests Knight Lightning.

  February 20. AT&T Security shuts down public-access "attctc" computer in Dallas.

  February 21. Chicago Task Force raids Robert Izenberg in Austin. March 1. Chicago Task Force raids Steve Jackson Games, Inc., "Mentor," and "Erik Bloodaxe" in Austin.

  May 7,8,9. USSS and Arizona Organized Crime and Racketeering Bureau conduct "Operation Sundevil" raids in Cincinnatti, Detroit, Los Angeles, Miami, Newark, Phoenix, Pittsburgh, Richmond, Tucson, San Diego, San Jose, and San Francisco.

  May. FBI interviews John Perry Barlow re NuPrometheus case.

  June. Mitch Kapor and Barlow found Electronic Frontier Foundation; Barlow publishes Crime and Puzzlement manifesto.

  July 24-27. Trial of Knight Lightning.

1991

  February. CPSR Roundtable in Washington, D.C.

  March 25-28. Computers, Freedom and Privacy conference in San Francisco.

  May 1. Electronic Frontier Foundation, Steve Jackson, and others file suit against members of Chicago Task Force.

  July 1-2. Switching station phone software crash affects Washington, Los Angeles, Pittsburgh, San Francisco.

  September 17. AT&T phone crash affects New York City and three airports.

- Preface
- Introduction
- Part One
- Part Two
- Part Three
- Part Four
- Afterword
- Chronology

Return to Top
Part of the rest2web Docs
Page last modified Sun Oct 1 08:47:29 2017.

rest2web Introduction Quickstart Config File Tutorial Command Line Force Mode Templates restindex Functions Macros Special Files Reference Test Site Thirdy Fourth of Course Section 2 Science Genome Index Hacker Preface Hacker Intro Hacker Part 4 Chronology Hacker Crackdown Hacker After Hacker Part 3 Hacker Part 2 Internet Article Test of Uservalues Translation Gallery