# rdflib 7.1.1

RDFLib is a pure Python package for working with RDF. It contains:

- Parsers & Serializers

  - for RDF/XML, N3, NTriples, N-Quads, Turtle, TriX, JSON-LD, HexTuples, RDFa and Microdata

- Store implementations

  - memory stores

  - persistent, on-disk stores, using databases such as BerkeleyDB

  - remote SPARQL endpoints

- Graph interface

  - to a single graph

  - or to multiple Named Graphs within a dataset

- SPARQL 1.1 implementation

  - both Queries and Updates are supported

Caution

RDFLib is designed to access arbitrary network and file resources, in some cases these are directly requested resources, in other cases they are indirectly referenced resources.

If you are using RDFLib to process untrusted documents or queries you should take measures to restrict file and network access.

For information on available security measures, see the RDFLib Security Considerations documentation.

## Getting started

If you have never used RDFLib, the following will help get you started:

- Getting started with RDFLib
- Loading and saving RDF
- Creating RDF triples
- Navigating Graphs
- Querying with SPARQL
- Utilities & convenience functions
- Examples

## In depth

If you are familiar with RDF and are looking for details on how RDFLib handles it, these are for you:

- RDF terms in rdflib
- Namespaces and Bindings
- Persistence
- Merging graphs
- Changelog
- Upgrading from version 6 to 7
- Upgrading 5.0.0 to 6.0.0
- Upgrading 4.2.2 to 5.0.0
- Security Considerations

## Reference

The nitty-gritty details of everything.

API reference:

- rdflib

- Plugins
  - Plugin parsers
  - Plugin serializers
  - Plugin stores
  - Plugin query results

## Versioning

RDFLib follows Semantic Versioning 2.0.0, which can be summarized as follows:

> Given a version number `MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`, increment the:

> 1. `MAJOR` version when you make incompatible API changes

> 2. `MINOR` version when you add functionality in a backwards-compatible

>      manner

> 3. `PATCH` version when you make backwards-compatible bug fixes

## For developers

- RDFLib developers guide
- Contributor Covenant Code of Conduct
- Writing RDFLib Documentation
- Persisting Notation 3 Terms
- Type Hints
- RDFLib Contributing Guide
- Decision Records

## Source Code

The rdflib source code is hosted on GitHub at https://github.com/RDFLib/rdflib where you can lodge Issues and create Pull Requests to help improve this community project!

The RDFlib organisation on GitHub at https://github.com/RDFLib maintains this package and a number of other RDF and RDFlib-related packaged that you might also find useful.

## Further help & Contact

If you would like help with using RDFlib, rather than developing it, please post a question on StackOverflow using the tag `[rdflib]`. A list of existing `[rdflib]` tagged questions can be found here.

You might also like to join RDFlib’s dev mailing list or use RDFLib’s GitHub discussions section.

The chat is available at gitter or via matrix #RDFLib_rdflib:gitter.im.