# Tools for Working with Posterior Distributions

## Documentation for package ‘posterior’ version 1.7.0

- DESCRIPTION file
- User guides, package vignettes and other documentation
- Package NEWS
- Package README

## Help Pages

A B C D E F I M N O P Q R S T U V W misc

posterior-package | Tools for working with posterior (and prior) distributions

## -- A --

all.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
any.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
as_draws | Transform to 'draws' objects
as_draws_array | The 'draws_array' format
as_draws_array.default | The 'draws_array' format
as_draws_array.draws_array | The 'draws_array' format
as_draws_array.draws_df | The 'draws_array' format
as_draws_array.draws_list | The 'draws_array' format
as_draws_array.draws_matrix | The 'draws_array' format
as_draws_array.draws_rvars | The 'draws_array' format
as_draws_array.mcmc | The 'draws_array' format
as_draws_array.mcmc.list | The 'draws_array' format
as_draws_df | The 'draws_df' format
as_draws_df.data.frame | The 'draws_df' format
as_draws_df.default | The 'draws_df' format
as_draws_df.draws_array | The 'draws_df' format
as_draws_df.draws_df | The 'draws_df' format
as_draws_df.draws_list | The 'draws_df' format
as_draws_df.draws_matrix | The 'draws_df' format
as_draws_df.draws_rvars | The 'draws_df' format
as_draws_df.mcmc | The 'draws_df' format
as_draws_df.mcmc.list | The 'draws_df' format
as_draws_list | The 'draws_list' format
as_draws_list.default | The 'draws_list' format
as_draws_list.draws_array | The 'draws_list' format
as_draws_list.draws_df | The 'draws_list' format
as_draws_list.draws_list | The 'draws_list' format
as_draws_list.draws_matrix | The 'draws_list' format
as_draws_list.draws_rvars | The 'draws_list' format
as_draws_list.mcmc | The 'draws_list' format
as_draws_list.mcmc.list | The 'draws_list' format
as_draws_matrix | The 'draws_matrix' format
as_draws_matrix.default | The 'draws_matrix' format
as_draws_matrix.draws_array | The 'draws_matrix' format
as_draws_matrix.draws_df | The 'draws_matrix' format
as_draws_matrix.draws_list | The 'draws_matrix' format
as_draws_matrix.draws_matrix | The 'draws_matrix' format
as_draws_matrix.draws_rvars | The 'draws_matrix' format
as_draws_matrix.mcmc | The 'draws_matrix' format
as_draws_matrix.mcmc.list | The 'draws_matrix' format
as_draws_rvars | The 'draws_rvars' format
as_draws_rvars.default | The 'draws_rvars' format
as_draws_rvars.draws_array | The 'draws_rvars' format
as_draws_rvars.draws_df | The 'draws_rvars' format
as_draws_rvars.draws_list | The 'draws_rvars' format
as_draws_rvars.draws_matrix | The 'draws_rvars' format
as_draws_rvars.draws_rvars | The 'draws_rvars' format
as_draws_rvars.list | The 'draws_rvars' format
as_draws_rvars.mcmc | The 'draws_rvars' format
as_draws_rvars.mcmc.list | The 'draws_rvars' format
as_rvar | Coerce to a random variable
as_rvar_factor | Coerce to a factor random variable
as_rvar_integer | Coerce to a random variable
as_rvar_logical | Coerce to a random variable
as_rvar_numeric | Coerce to a random variable
as_rvar_ordered | Coerce to a factor random variable

## -- B --

bind_draws | Bind 'draws' objects together
bind_draws.draws_array | Bind 'draws' objects together
bind_draws.draws_df | Bind 'draws' objects together
bind_draws.draws_list | Bind 'draws' objects together
bind_draws.draws_matrix | Bind 'draws' objects together
bind_draws.draws_rvars | Bind 'draws' objects together

## -- C --

cdf.rvar | Density, CDF, and quantile functions of random variables
cdf.rvar_factor | Density, CDF, and quantile functions of random variables
cdf.rvar_ordered | Density, CDF, and quantile functions of random variables
chain_ids | Index 'draws' objects
chol.rvar | Cholesky decomposition of random matrix
convergence | List of available convergence diagnostics

## -- D --

default_convergence_measures | Summaries of 'draws' objects
default_mcse_measures | Summaries of 'draws' objects
default_summary_measures | Summaries of 'draws' objects
density.rvar | Density, CDF, and quantile functions of random variables
density.rvar_factor | Density, CDF, and quantile functions of random variables
diag-method | Matrix diagonals (including for random variables)
diagnostics | List of available convergence diagnostics
dissent | Dissention
dissent.default | Dissention
dissent.rvar | Dissention
draws | Transform to 'draws' objects
draws-index | Index 'draws' objects
draws_array | The 'draws_array' format
draws_df | The 'draws_df' format
draws_list | The 'draws_list' format
draws_matrix | The 'draws_matrix' format
draws_of | Get/set array of draws underlying a random variable
draws_of<- | Get/set array of draws underlying a random variable
draws_rvars | The 'draws_rvars' format
draws_summary | Summaries of 'draws' objects
draw_ids | Index 'draws' objects
drop-method | Drop redundant dimensions

## -- E --

E | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
entropy | Normalized entropy
entropy.default | Normalized entropy
entropy.rvar | Normalized entropy
ess_basic | Basic version of the effective sample size
ess_basic.default | Basic version of the effective sample size
ess_basic.rvar | Basic version of the effective sample size
ess_bulk | Bulk effective sample size (bulk-ESS)
ess_bulk.default | Bulk effective sample size (bulk-ESS)
ess_bulk.rvar | Bulk effective sample size (bulk-ESS)
ess_mean | Effective sample size for the mean
ess_mean.default | Effective sample size for the mean
ess_mean.rvar | Effective sample size for the mean
ess_median | Effective sample sizes for quantiles
ess_quantile | Effective sample sizes for quantiles
ess_quantile.default | Effective sample sizes for quantiles
ess_quantile.rvar | Effective sample sizes for quantiles
ess_sd | Effective sample size for the standard deviation
ess_sd.default | Effective sample size for the standard deviation
ess_sd.rvar | Effective sample size for the standard deviation
ess_tail | Tail effective sample size (tail-ESS)
ess_tail.default | Tail effective sample size (tail-ESS)
ess_tail.rvar | Tail effective sample size (tail-ESS)
example_draws | Example 'draws' objects
extract_list_of_variable_arrays | Extract arrays of multiple variables
extract_list_of_variable_arrays.default | Extract arrays of multiple variables
extract_list_of_variable_arrays.draws | Extract arrays of multiple variables
extract_variable | Extract draws of a single variable
extract_variable.default | Extract draws of a single variable
extract_variable.draws | Extract draws of a single variable
extract_variable.draws_df | Extract draws of a single variable
extract_variable.draws_list | Extract draws of a single variable
extract_variable.draws_rvars | Extract draws of a single variable
extract_variable_array | Extract array of a single (possibly indexed) variable
extract_variable_array.default | Extract array of a single (possibly indexed) variable
extract_variable_array.draws | Extract array of a single (possibly indexed) variable
extract_variable_matrix | Extract matrix of a single variable
extract_variable_matrix.default | Extract matrix of a single variable
extract_variable_matrix.draws | Extract matrix of a single variable
extract_variable_matrix.draws_df | Extract matrix of a single variable
extract_variable_matrix.draws_list | Extract matrix of a single variable
extract_variable_matrix.draws_rvars | Extract matrix of a single variable

## -- F --

format.rvar | Print or format a random variable
for_each_draw | Loop over draws

## -- I --

is.finite.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
is.infinite.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
is.na.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
is.nan.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
is_draws | Transform to 'draws' objects
is_draws_array | The 'draws_array' format
is_draws_df | The 'draws_df' format
is_draws_list | The 'draws_list' format
is_draws_matrix | The 'draws_matrix' format
is_draws_rvars | The 'draws_rvars' format
is_rvar | Is 'x' a random variable?
is_rvar_factor | Is 'x' a factor random variable?
is_rvar_ordered | Is 'x' a factor random variable?
iteration_ids | Index 'draws' objects

## -- M --

mad | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
mad.default | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
mad.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
mad.rvar_ordered | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
match | Value Matching
match.default | Value Matching
match.rvar | Value Matching
matrixOps.rvar | Matrix multiplication of random variables
max.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
mcse_mean | Monte Carlo standard error for the mean
mcse_mean.default | Monte Carlo standard error for the mean
mcse_mean.rvar | Monte Carlo standard error for the mean
mcse_median | Monte Carlo standard error for quantiles
mcse_quantile | Monte Carlo standard error for quantiles
mcse_quantile.default | Monte Carlo standard error for quantiles
mcse_quantile.rvar | Monte Carlo standard error for quantiles
mcse_sd | Monte Carlo standard error for the standard deviation
mcse_sd.default | Monte Carlo standard error for the standard deviation
mcse_sd.rvar | Monte Carlo standard error for the standard deviation
mean.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
median.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
merge_chains | Merge chains of 'draws' objects
merge_chains.draws_array | Merge chains of 'draws' objects
merge_chains.draws_df | Merge chains of 'draws' objects
merge_chains.draws_list | Merge chains of 'draws' objects
merge_chains.draws_matrix | Merge chains of 'draws' objects
merge_chains.draws_rvars | Merge chains of 'draws' objects
merge_chains.rvar | Merge chains of 'draws' objects
min.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
modal_category | Modal category
modal_category.default | Modal category
modal_category.rvar | Modal category
mutate_variables | Mutate variables in 'draws' objects
mutate_variables.draws_array | Mutate variables in 'draws' objects
mutate_variables.draws_df | Mutate variables in 'draws' objects
mutate_variables.draws_list | Mutate variables in 'draws' objects
mutate_variables.draws_matrix | Mutate variables in 'draws' objects
mutate_variables.draws_rvars | Mutate variables in 'draws' objects

## -- N --

nchains | Index 'draws' objects
ndraws | Index 'draws' objects
niterations | Index 'draws' objects
nvariables | Get variable names from 'draws' objects

## -- O --

order_draws | Order 'draws' objects
order_draws.draws_array | Order 'draws' objects
order_draws.draws_df | Order 'draws' objects
order_draws.draws_list | Order 'draws' objects
order_draws.draws_matrix | Order 'draws' objects
order_draws.draws_rvars | Order 'draws' objects
order_draws.rvar | Order 'draws' objects

## -- P --

pareto_convergence_rate | Pareto smoothing diagnostics
pareto_convergence_rate.default | Pareto smoothing diagnostics
pareto_convergence_rate.rvar | Pareto smoothing diagnostics
pareto_diags | Pareto smoothing diagnostics
pareto_diags.default | Pareto smoothing diagnostics
pareto_diags.rvar | Pareto smoothing diagnostics
pareto_khat | Pareto khat diagnostic
pareto_khat.default | Pareto khat diagnostic
pareto_khat.rvar | Pareto khat diagnostic
pareto_khat_threshold | Pareto smoothing diagnostics
pareto_khat_threshold.default | Pareto smoothing diagnostics
pareto_khat_threshold.rvar | Pareto smoothing diagnostics
pareto_min_ss | Pareto smoothing diagnostics
pareto_min_ss.default | Pareto smoothing diagnostics
pareto_min_ss.rvar | Pareto smoothing diagnostics
pareto_pit | Pareto-smoothed probability integral transform
pareto_pit.default | Pareto-smoothed probability integral transform
pareto_pit.draws_matrix | Pareto-smoothed probability integral transform
pareto_pit.rvar | Pareto-smoothed probability integral transform
pareto_smooth | Pareto smoothing
pareto_smooth.default | Pareto smoothing
pareto_smooth.rvar | Pareto smoothing
pit | Probability integral transform
pit.default | Probability integral transform
pit.draws_matrix | Probability integral transform
pit.rvar | Probability integral transform
posterior | Tools for working with posterior (and prior) distributions
Pr | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
Pr.default | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
Pr.logical | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
Pr.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
print.draws_array | Print 'draws_array' objects
print.draws_df | Print 'draws_df' objects
print.draws_list | Print 'draws_list' objects
print.draws_matrix | Print 'draws_matrix' objects
print.draws_rvars | Print 'draws_rvars' objects
print.draws_summary | Print summaries of 'draws' objects
print.rvar | Print or format a random variable
prod.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
ps_convergence_rate | Pareto convergence rate
ps_khat_threshold | Pareto k-hat threshold
ps_min_ss | Pareto-smoothing minimum sample-size
ps_tail | Pareto smooth tail function to Pareto smooth the tail of a vector. Exported for usage in other packages, not by users.
ps_tail_length | Pareto tail length

## -- Q --

quantile.rvar | Density, CDF, and quantile functions of random variables
quantile.rvar_factor | Density, CDF, and quantile functions of random variables
quantile.rvar_ordered | Density, CDF, and quantile functions of random variables
quantile2 | Compute Quantiles
quantile2.default | Compute Quantiles
quantile2.rvar | Compute Quantiles

## -- R --

range.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
rdo | Execute expressions of random variables
rename_variables | Rename variables in 'draws' objects
rename_variables.draws | Rename variables in 'draws' objects
repair_draws | Repair indices of 'draws' objects
repair_draws.draws_array | Repair indices of 'draws' objects
repair_draws.draws_df | Repair indices of 'draws' objects
repair_draws.draws_list | Repair indices of 'draws' objects
repair_draws.draws_matrix | Repair indices of 'draws' objects
repair_draws.draws_rvars | Repair indices of 'draws' objects
repair_draws.rvar | Repair indices of 'draws' objects
resample_draws | Resample 'draws' objects
resample_draws.draws | Resample 'draws' objects
resample_draws.rvar | Resample 'draws' objects
reserved_variables | Reserved variables
reserved_variables.default | Reserved variables
reserved_variables.draws_array | Reserved variables
reserved_variables.draws_df | Reserved variables
reserved_variables.draws_list | Reserved variables
reserved_variables.draws_matrix | Reserved variables
reserved_variables.draws_rvars | Reserved variables
rfun | Create functions of random variables
rhat | Rhat convergence diagnostic
rhat.default | Rhat convergence diagnostic
rhat.rvar | Rhat convergence diagnostic
rhat_basic | Basic version of the Rhat convergence diagnostic
rhat_basic.default | Basic version of the Rhat convergence diagnostic
rhat_basic.rvar | Basic version of the Rhat convergence diagnostic
rhat_nested | Nested Rhat convergence diagnostic
rhat_nested.default | Nested Rhat convergence diagnostic
rhat_nested.rvar | Nested Rhat convergence diagnostic
rstar | Calculate R* convergence diagnostic
rvar | Random variables of arbitrary dimension
rvar-dist | Density, CDF, and quantile functions of random variables
rvar-matmult | Matrix multiplication of random variables
rvar-slice | Random variable slicing
rvar-summaries-over-draws | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
rvar-summaries-within-draws | Summaries of random variables over array elements, within draws
rvar_all | Summaries of random variables over array elements, within draws
rvar_any | Summaries of random variables over array elements, within draws
rvar_apply | Random variable resulting from a function applied over margins of an array or random variable
rvar_factor | Factor random variables of arbitrary dimension
rvar_ifelse | Random variable ifelse
rvar_is_finite | Special value predicates for random variables
rvar_is_infinite | Special value predicates for random variables
rvar_is_na | Special value predicates for random variables
rvar_is_nan | Special value predicates for random variables
rvar_mad | Summaries of random variables over array elements, within draws
rvar_max | Summaries of random variables over array elements, within draws
rvar_mean | Summaries of random variables over array elements, within draws
rvar_median | Summaries of random variables over array elements, within draws
rvar_min | Summaries of random variables over array elements, within draws
rvar_ordered | Factor random variables of arbitrary dimension
rvar_prod | Summaries of random variables over array elements, within draws
rvar_quantile | Summaries of random variables over array elements, within draws
rvar_range | Summaries of random variables over array elements, within draws
rvar_rng | Create random variables from existing random number generators
rvar_sd | Summaries of random variables over array elements, within draws
rvar_sum | Summaries of random variables over array elements, within draws
rvar_var | Summaries of random variables over array elements, within draws

## -- S --

sd | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
sd.default | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
sd.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
set_variables | Set variable names in 'draws' objects
split_chains | Split Chains
str.rvar | Print or format a random variable
subset.draws | Subset 'draws' objects
subset_draws | Subset 'draws' objects
subset_draws.draws_array | Subset 'draws' objects
subset_draws.draws_df | Subset 'draws' objects
subset_draws.draws_list | Subset 'draws' objects
subset_draws.draws_matrix | Subset 'draws' objects
subset_draws.draws_rvars | Subset 'draws' objects
subset_draws.rvar | Subset 'draws' objects
sum.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
summarise_draws | Summaries of 'draws' objects
summarise_draws.draws | Summaries of 'draws' objects
summarise_draws.rvar | Summaries of 'draws' objects
summarize_draws | Summaries of 'draws' objects
summary.draws | Summaries of 'draws' objects
Summary.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
summary.rvar | Summaries of 'draws' objects

## -- T --

thin | Thin 'draws' objects
thin_draws | Thin 'draws' objects
thin_draws.draws | Thin 'draws' objects
thin_draws.rvar | Thin 'draws' objects

## -- U --

uniformity_test | Uniformity test for PIT values

## -- V --

var | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
var.default | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
var.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws
variables | Get variable names from 'draws' objects
variables.draws_array | Get variable names from 'draws' objects
variables.draws_df | Get variable names from 'draws' objects
variables.draws_list | Get variable names from 'draws' objects
variables.draws_matrix | Get variable names from 'draws' objects
variables.draws_rvars | Get variable names from 'draws' objects
variables<- | Set variable names in 'draws' objects
variables<-.draws_array | Set variable names in 'draws' objects
variables<-.draws_df | Set variable names in 'draws' objects
variables<-.draws_list | Set variable names in 'draws' objects
variables<-.draws_matrix | Set variable names in 'draws' objects
variables<-.draws_rvars | Set variable names in 'draws' objects
variance.rvar | Summaries of random variables within array elements, over draws

## -- W --

weights.draws | Extract Weights from Draws Objects
weight_draws | Weight 'draws' objects
weight_draws.draws_array | Weight 'draws' objects
weight_draws.draws_df | Weight 'draws' objects
weight_draws.draws_list | Weight 'draws' objects
weight_draws.draws_matrix | Weight 'draws' objects
weight_draws.draws_rvars | Weight 'draws' objects

## -- misc --

%**% | Matrix multiplication of random variables
%in% | Value Matching
[.rvar | Random variable slicing
[<-.rvar | Random variable slicing
[[.rvar | Random variable slicing
[[<-.rvar | Random variable slicing