# The R Base Package

## Documentation for package ‘base’ version 4.4.3

- DESCRIPTION file.
- Code demos. Use demo() to run them.

## Help Pages

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Z misc

base-package | The R Base Package

## -- A --

abbreviate | Abbreviate Strings
abs | Miscellaneous Mathematical Functions
acos | Trigonometric Functions
acosh | Hyperbolic Functions
activeBindingFunction | Binding and Environment Locking, Active Bindings
addNA | Factors
addTaskCallback | Add or Remove a Top-Level Task Callback
agrep | Approximate String Matching (Fuzzy Matching)
agrepl | Approximate String Matching (Fuzzy Matching)
alist | Lists - Generic and Dotted Pairs
all | Are All Values True?
all.equal | Test if Two Objects are (Nearly) Equal
all.names | Find All Names in an Expression
all.vars | Find All Names in an Expression
allowInterrupts | Condition Handling and Recovery
any | Are Some Values True?
anyDuplicated | Determine Duplicate Elements
anyMissing | 'Not Available' / Missing Values
anyNA | 'Not Available' / Missing Values
anyNA.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
anyNA.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
aperm | Array Transposition
append | Vector Merging
apply | Apply Functions Over Array Margins
arccos | Trigonometric Functions
arcsin | Trigonometric Functions
arctan | Trigonometric Functions
Arg | Complex Numbers and Basic Functionality
args | Argument List of a Function
Arithmetic | Arithmetic Operators
array | Multi-way Arrays
array2DF | Convert array to data frame
arrayInd | Which indices are TRUE?
as.array | Multi-way Arrays
as.call | Function Calls
as.character | Character Vectors
as.character.condition | Condition Handling and Recovery
as.character.Date | Date Conversion Functions to and from Character
as.character.hexmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Hexadecimal
as.character.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
as.character.octmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Octal
as.character.POSIXt | Date-time Conversion Functions to and from Character
as.character.srcref | References to Source Files and Code
as.complex | Complex Numbers and Basic Functionality
as.data.frame | Coerce to a Data Frame
as.data.frame.AsIs | Coerce to a Data Frame
as.data.frame.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
as.data.frame.table | Cross Tabulation and Table Creation
as.Date | Date Conversion Functions to and from Character
as.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
as.double | Double-Precision Vectors
as.double.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
as.double.POSIXlt | Date-time Conversion Functions
as.environment | Coerce to an Environment Object
as.expression | Unevaluated Expressions
as.factor | Factors
as.function | Convert Object to Function
as.hexmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Hexadecimal
as.integer | Integer Vectors
as.list | Lists - Generic and Dotted Pairs
as.list.Date | Date Class
as.list.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
as.list.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
as.list.POSIXct | Date-Time Classes
as.logical | Logical Vectors
as.matrix | Matrices
as.matrix.noquote | Class for 'no quote' Printing of Character Strings
as.matrix.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
as.name | Names and Symbols
as.null | The Null Object
as.numeric | Numeric Vectors
as.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
as.octmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Octal
as.ordered | Factors
as.package_version | Numeric Versions
as.pairlist | Lists - Generic and Dotted Pairs
as.POSIXct | Date-time Conversion Functions
as.POSIXlt | Date-time Conversion Functions
as.qr | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
as.raw | Raw Vectors
as.single | Double-Precision Vectors
as.symbol | Names and Symbols
as.table | Cross Tabulation and Table Creation
as.vector | Vectors - Creation, Coercion, etc
asin | Trigonometric Functions
asinh | Hyperbolic Functions
AsIs | Inhibit Interpretation/Conversion of Objects
asplit | Split Array/Matrix By Its Margins
asS3 | Test for an S4 object
asS4 | Test for an S4 object
assign | Assign a Value to a Name
assignOps | Assignment Operators
atan | Trigonometric Functions
atan2 | Trigonometric Functions
atanh | Hyperbolic Functions
atomic | Vectors - Creation, Coercion, etc
attach | Attach Set of R Objects to Search Path
attachNamespace | Loading and Unloading Name Spaces
attr | Object Attributes
attr.all.equal | Test if Two Objects are (Nearly) Equal
attributes | Object Attribute Lists
autoload | On-demand Loading of Packages
autoloader | On-demand Loading of Packages
Autoloads | On-demand Loading of Packages

## -- B --

backquote | Quotes
backsolve | Solve an Upper or Lower Triangular System
backtick | Quotes
balancePOSIXlt | Balancing "Ragged" and Out-of-range POSIXlt Date-Times
base | The R Base Package
baseenv | Environment Access
basename | Manipulate File Paths
Bessel | Bessel Functions
bessel | Bessel Functions
besselI | Bessel Functions
besselJ | Bessel Functions
besselK | Bessel Functions
besselY | Bessel Functions
beta | Special Functions of Mathematics
bindenv | Binding and Environment Locking, Active Bindings
bindingIsActive | Binding and Environment Locking, Active Bindings
bindingIsLocked | Binding and Environment Locking, Active Bindings
bindtextdomain | Translate Text Messages
bitwAnd | Bitwise Logical Operations
bitwNot | Bitwise Logical Operations
bitwOr | Bitwise Logical Operations
bitwShiftL | Bitwise Logical Operations
bitwShiftR | Bitwise Logical Operations
bitwXor | Bitwise Logical Operations
body | Access to and Manipulation of the Body of a Function
bquote | Partial substitution in expressions
break | Control Flow
browser | Environment Browser
browserCondition | Functions to Retrieve Values Supplied by Calls to the Browser
browserSetDebug | Functions to Retrieve Values Supplied by Calls to the Browser
browserText | Functions to Retrieve Values Supplied by Calls to the Browser
builtins | Returns the Names of All Built-in Objects
by | Apply a Function to a Data Frame Split by Factors
bzfile | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)

## -- C --

c | Combine Values into a Vector or List
c.Date | Date Class
c.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
c.factor | Factors
c.noquote | Class for 'no quote' Printing of Character Strings
c.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
c.POSIXct | Date-Time Classes
c.warnings | Print Warning Messages
call | Function Calls
callCC | Call With Current Continuation
capabilities | Report Capabilities of this Build of R
casefold | Character Translation and Case Folding
cat | Concatenate and Print
cbind | Combine R Objects by Rows or Columns
cbind.data.frame | Combine R Objects by Rows or Columns
ceiling | Rounding of Numbers
char.expand | Expand a String with Respect to a Target Table
character | Character Vectors
charmatch | Partial String Matching
charToRaw | Convert to or from (Bit/Packed) Raw Vectors
chartr | Character Translation and Case Folding
chkDots | Warn About Extraneous Arguments in the "..." of Its Caller
chol | The Cholesky Decomposition
chol2inv | Inverse from Cholesky (or QR) Decomposition
choose | Special Functions of Mathematics
chooseOpsMethod | Choose the Appropriate Method for Ops
class | Object Classes
clearPushBack | Push Text Back on to a Connection
clipboard | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
close | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
close.srcfile | References to Source Files and Code
close.srcfilealias | References to Source Files and Code
closeAllConnections | Display Connections
closure | Function Definition
code point | Convert Integer Vectors to or from UTF-8-encoded Character Vectors
col | Column Indexes
collation | Relational Operators
colMeans | Form Row and Column Sums and Means
colnames | Row and Column Names
colon | Colon Operator
colSums | Form Row and Column Sums and Means
commandArgs | Extract Command Line Arguments
comment | Query or Set a '"comment"' Attribute
Comparison | Relational Operators
Complex | S3 Group Generic Functions
complex | Complex Numbers and Basic Functionality
computeRestarts | Condition Handling and Recovery
condition | Condition Handling and Recovery
conditionCall | Condition Handling and Recovery
conditionCall.condition | Condition Handling and Recovery
conditionMessage | Condition Handling and Recovery
conditionMessage.condition | Condition Handling and Recovery
conditions | Condition Handling and Recovery
conflictRules | Loading/Attaching and Listing of Packages
conflicts | Search for Masked Objects on the Search Path
Conj | Complex Numbers and Basic Functionality
connection | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
connections | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
Constants | Built-in Constants
contributors | R Project Contributors
Control | Control Flow
copyright | Copyrights of Files Used to Build R
copyrights | Copyrights of Files Used to Build R
cos | Trigonometric Functions
cosh | Hyperbolic Functions
cospi | Trigonometric Functions
crossprod | Matrix Cross-Product
CStackOverflowError | Stack Overflow Errors
Cstack_info | Report Information on C Stack Size and Usage
cummax | Cumulative Sums, Products, and Extremes
cummin | Cumulative Sums, Products, and Extremes
cumprod | Cumulative Sums, Products, and Extremes
cumsum | Cumulative Sums, Products, and Extremes
curlGetHeaders | Retrieve Headers from URLs
cut | Convert Numeric to Factor
cut.POSIXt | Convert a Date or Date-Time Object to a Factor

## -- D --

data.class | Object Classes
data.frame | Data Frames
data.matrix | Convert a Data Frame to a Numeric Matrix
Date | Date Class
date | System Date and Time
date-time | Date-Time Classes
Dates | Date Class
DateTimeClasses | Date-Time Classes
debug | Debug a Function
debuggingState | Debug a Function
debugonce | Debug a Function
declare | Declarations
Defunct | Marking Objects as Defunct
defunct | Marking Objects as Defunct
delayedAssign | Delay Evaluation and Promises
deparse | Expression Deparsing
deparse1 | Expression Deparsing
Deprecated | Marking Objects as Deprecated
deprecated | Marking Objects as Deprecated
det | Calculate the Determinant of a Matrix
detach | Detach Objects from the Search Path
determinant | Calculate the Determinant of a Matrix
dget | Write an Object to a File or Recreate it
diag | Matrix Diagonals
diff | Lagged Differences
diff.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
digamma | Special Functions of Mathematics
dim | Dimensions of an Object
dimnames | Dimnames of an Object
dir | List the Files in a Directory/Folder
dir.create | Manipulation of Directories and File Permissions
dirname | Manipulate File Paths
DISPLAY | Environment Variables
DLLInfo | Get DLLs Loaded in Current Session
DLLInfoList | Get DLLs Loaded in Current Session
do.call | Execute a Function Call
dontCheck | Identity Function to Suppress Checking
dots | ..., '..1', etc used in Functions
double | Double-Precision Vectors
dput | Write an Object to a File or Recreate it
dQuote | Quote Text
drop | Drop Redundant Extent Information
droplevels | Drop Unused Levels from Factors
dump | Text Representations of R Objects
duplicated | Determine Duplicate Elements
duplicated.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
duplicated.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
duplicated.warnings | Print Warning Messages
dyn.load | Foreign Function Interface
dyn.unload | Foreign Function Interface
dynGet | Return the Value of a Named Object

## -- E --

eapply | Apply a Function Over Values in an Environment
EDITOR | Environment Variables
eigen | Spectral Decomposition of a Matrix
else | Control Flow
emptyenv | Environment Access
enc2native | Read or Set the Declared Encodings for a Character Vector
enc2utf8 | Read or Set the Declared Encodings for a Character Vector
enclosure | Environment Access
encodeString | Encode Character Vector as for Printing
Encoding | Read or Set the Declared Encodings for a Character Vector
endsWith | Does String Start or End With Another String?
enquote | Substituting and Quoting Expressions
env.profile | Environment Access
environment | Environment Access
environment variables | Environment Variables
environmentIsLocked | Binding and Environment Locking, Active Bindings
environmentName | Environment Access
errorCondition | Condition Handling and Recovery
eval | Evaluate an (Unevaluated) Expression
eval.parent | Evaluate an (Unevaluated) Expression
evalq | Evaluate an (Unevaluated) Expression
Exec | 'Tailcall' and 'Exec'
exists | Is an Object Defined?
exp | Logarithms and Exponentials
expand.grid | Create a Data Frame from All Combinations of Factor Variables
expm1 | Logarithms and Exponentials
expression | Unevaluated Expressions
expressionStackOverflowError | Stack Overflow Errors
Extract | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
extSoftVersion | Report Versions of Third-Party Software

## -- F --

F | Logical Vectors
factor | Factors
factorial | Special Functions of Mathematics
FALSE | Logical Vectors
fifo | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
file | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
file path encoding | File Paths not in the Native Encoding
file.access | Ascertain File Accessibility
file.append | File Manipulation
file.choose | Choose a File Interactively
file.copy | File Manipulation
file.create | File Manipulation
file.exists | File Manipulation
file.info | Extract File Information
file.link | File Manipulation
file.mode | Extract File Information
file.mtime | Extract File Information
file.path | Construct Path to File
file.remove | File Manipulation
file.rename | File Manipulation
file.show | Display One or More Text Files
file.size | Extract File Information
file.symlink | File Manipulation
files | File Manipulation
Filter | Common Higher-Order Functions in Functional Programming Languages
finalizer | Finalization of Objects
Find | Common Higher-Order Functions in Functional Programming Languages
find.package | Find Packages
findInterval | Find Interval Numbers or Indices
findRestart | Condition Handling and Recovery
finite | Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
floor | Rounding of Numbers
flush | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
for | Control Flow
force | Force Evaluation of an Argument
forceAndCall | Call a function with Some Arguments Forced
Foreign | Foreign Function Interface
formals | Access to and Manipulation of the Formal Arguments
format | Encode in a Common Format
format.Date | Date Conversion Functions to and from Character
format.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
format.hexmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Hexadecimal
format.info | format(.) Information
format.libraryIQR | Loading/Attaching and Listing of Packages
format.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
format.octmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Octal
format.packageInfo | Loading/Attaching and Listing of Packages
format.POSIXct | Date-time Conversion Functions to and from Character
format.pval | Format P Values
format.summaryDefault | Object Summaries
formatC | Formatting Using C-style Formats
formatDL | Format Description Lists
forwardsolve | Solve an Upper or Lower Triangular System
function | Function Definition
fuzzy matching | Approximate String Matching (Fuzzy Matching)

## -- G --

gamma | Special Functions of Mathematics
gc | Garbage Collection
gc.time | Report Time Spent in Garbage Collection
gcinfo | Garbage Collection
gctorture | Torture Garbage Collector
gctorture2 | Torture Garbage Collector
get | Return the Value of a Named Object
get0 | Is an Object Defined?
getAllConnections | Display Connections
getConnection | Display Connections
getDLLRegisteredRoutines | Reflectance Information for C/Fortran routines in a DLL
getElement | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
geterrmessage | Stop Function Execution
getHook | Functions to Get and Set Hooks for Load, Attach, Detach and Unload
getLoadedDLLs | Get DLLs Loaded in Current Session
getNativeSymbolInfo | Obtain a Description of one or more Native (C/Fortran) Symbols
getOption | Options Settings
getRversion | Numeric Versions
getSrcLines | References to Source Files and Code
getTaskCallbackNames | Query the Names of the Current Internal Top-Level Task Callbacks
gettext | Translate Text Messages
gettextf | Use C-style String Formatting Commands
getwd | Get or Set Working Directory
gl | Generate Factor Levels
globalCallingHandlers | Condition Handling and Recovery
globalenv | Environment Access
gregexec | Pattern Matching and Replacement
gregexpr | Pattern Matching and Replacement
grep | Pattern Matching and Replacement
grepl | Pattern Matching and Replacement
grepRaw | Pattern Matching for Raw Vectors
group generic | S3 Group Generic Functions
groupGeneric | S3 Group Generic Functions
grouping | Grouping Permutation
GSC | Environment Variables
gsub | Pattern Matching and Replacement
gzcon | (De)compress I/O Through Connections
gzfile | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)

## -- H --

hexmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Hexadecimal
HOME | Environment Variables

## -- I --

I | Inhibit Interpretation/Conversion of Objects
iconv | Convert Character Vector between Encodings
iconvlist | Convert Character Vector between Encodings
icuGetCollate | Setup Collation by ICU
icuSetCollate | Setup Collation by ICU
identical | Test Objects for Exact Equality
identity | Identity Function
if | Control Flow
ifelse | Conditional Element Selection
Im | Complex Numbers and Basic Functionality
in | Control Flow
Inf | Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
infinite | Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
infoRDS | Serialization Interface for Single Objects
inherits | Object Classes
integer | Integer Vectors
interaction | Compute Factor Interactions
interactive | Is R Running Interactively?
internal generic | Internal Generic Functions
InternalGenerics | Internal Generic Functions
InternalMethods | Internal Generic Functions
intersect | Set Operations
intersection | Set Operations
intToBits | Convert to or from (Bit/Packed) Raw Vectors
intToUtf8 | Convert Integer Vectors to or from UTF-8-encoded Character Vectors
inverse.rle | Run Length Encoding
invisible | Change the Print Mode to Invisible
invokeRestart | Condition Handling and Recovery
invokeRestartInteractively | Condition Handling and Recovery
is.array | Multi-way Arrays
is.atomic | Is an Object Atomic or Recursive?
is.call | Function Calls
is.character | Character Vectors
is.complex | Complex Numbers and Basic Functionality
is.data.frame | Coerce to a Data Frame
is.double | Double-Precision Vectors
is.element | Set Operations
is.environment | Environment Access
is.expression | Unevaluated Expressions
is.factor | Factors
is.finite | Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
is.finite.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
is.function | Is an Object of Type (Primitive) Function?
is.infinite | Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
is.infinite.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
is.integer | Integer Vectors
is.language | Is an Object a Language Object?
is.list | Lists - Generic and Dotted Pairs
is.loaded | Foreign Function Interface
is.logical | Logical Vectors
is.matrix | Matrices
is.na | 'Not Available' / Missing Values
is.na.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
is.na.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
is.name | Names and Symbols
is.nan | Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
is.nan.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
is.null | The Null Object
is.numeric | Numeric Vectors
is.numeric.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
is.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
is.object | Is an Object 'internally classed'?
is.ordered | Factors
is.package_version | Numeric Versions
is.pairlist | Lists - Generic and Dotted Pairs
is.primitive | Is an Object of Type (Primitive) Function?
is.qr | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
is.raw | Raw Vectors
is.recursive | Is an Object Atomic or Recursive?
is.single | Is an Object of Single Precision Type?
is.symbol | Names and Symbols
is.table | Cross Tabulation and Table Creation
is.unsorted | Test if an Object is Not Sorted
is.vector | Vectors - Creation, Coercion, etc
isa | Object Classes
isatty | Display Connections
isdebugged | Debug a Function
isFALSE | Logical Operators
isIncomplete | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
isNamespaceLoaded | Loading and Unloading Name Spaces
ISOdate | Date-time Conversion Functions from Numeric Representations
ISOdatetime | Date-time Conversion Functions from Numeric Representations
isOpen | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
isRestart | Condition Handling and Recovery
isS4 | Test for an S4 object
isSeekable | Functions to Reposition Connections
isSymmetric | Test if a Matrix or other Object is Symmetric (Hermitian)
isTRUE | Logical Operators

## -- J --

jitter | 'Jitter' (Add Noise) to Numbers
julian | Extract Parts of a POSIXt or Date Object

## -- K --

kappa | Compute or Estimate the Condition Number of a Matrix
kronecker | Kronecker Products on Arrays

## -- L --

l10n_info | Localization Information
La.svd | Singular Value Decomposition of a Matrix
labels | Find Labels from Object
LANGUAGE | Environment Variables
language | Is an Object a Language Object?
language object | Is an Object a Language Object?
language objects | Is an Object a Language Object?
lapply | Apply a Function over a List or Vector
last.warning | Print Warning Messages
La_library | LAPACK Library
La_version | LAPACK Version
lbeta | Special Functions of Mathematics
lchoose | Special Functions of Mathematics
LC_ALL | Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
LC_COLLATE | Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
LC_CTYPE | Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
LC_MEASUREMENT | Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
LC_MESSAGES | Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
LC_MONETARY | Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
LC_NUMERIC | Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
LC_PAPER | Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
LC_TIME | Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
length | Length of an Object
length.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
lengths | Lengths of List or Vector Elements
LETTERS | Built-in Constants
letters | Built-in Constants
levels | Levels Attributes
lfactorial | Special Functions of Mathematics
lgamma | Special Functions of Mathematics
libcurlVersion | Report Version of libcurl
library | Loading/Attaching and Listing of Packages
library.dynam | Loading DLLs from Packages
library.dynam.unload | Loading DLLs from Packages
licence | The R License Terms
license | The R License Terms
list | Lists - Generic and Dotted Pairs
list.dirs | List the Files in a Directory/Folder
list.files | List the Files in a Directory/Folder
list2DF | Create Data Frame From List
list2env | From A List, Build or Add To an Environment
load | Reload Saved Datasets
loadedNamespaces | Loading and Unloading Name Spaces
loadNamespace | Loading and Unloading Name Spaces
local | Evaluate an (Unevaluated) Expression
localeconv | Find Details of the Numerical and Monetary Representations in the Current Locale
locales | Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
lockBinding | Binding and Environment Locking, Active Bindings
lockEnvironment | Binding and Environment Locking, Active Bindings
log | Logarithms and Exponentials
log10 | Logarithms and Exponentials
log1p | Logarithms and Exponentials
log2 | Logarithms and Exponentials
logb | Logarithms and Exponentials
Logic | Logical Operators
logical | Logical Vectors
long vector | Long Vectors
Long vectors | Long Vectors
long vectors | Long Vectors
lower.tri | Lower and Upper Triangular Part of a Matrix
ls | List Objects

## -- M --

make.names | Make Syntactically Valid Names
make.unique | Make Character Strings Unique
makeActiveBinding | Binding and Environment Locking, Active Bindings
MAKEINDEX | Environment Variables
Map | Common Higher-Order Functions in Functional Programming Languages
mapply | Apply a Function to Multiple List or Vector Arguments
margin.table | Compute Table Margins
marginSums | Compute Table Margins
mat.or.vec | Create a Matrix or a Vector
match | Value Matching
match.arg | Argument Verification Using Partial Matching
match.call | Argument Matching
match.fun | Extract a Function Specified by Name
Math | S3 Group Generic Functions
Math.Date | Date Class
Math.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
Math.factor | Factors
Math.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
Math.POSIXt | Date-Time Classes
matmult | Matrix Multiplication
matrix | Matrices
matrixOps | S3 Group Generic Functions
max | Maxima and Minima
max.col | Find Maximum Position in Matrix
MC_CORES | Options Settings
mean | Arithmetic Mean
mean.Date | Date Class
mean.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
mean.POSIXct | Date-Time Classes
mem.maxVSize | Query and Set Heap Size Limits
memCompress | In-memory Compression and Decompression
memDecompress | In-memory Compression and Decompression
Memory | Memory Available for Data Storage
Memory-limits | Memory Limits in R
memory.profile | Profile the Usage of Cons Cells
merge | Merge Two Data Frames
message | Diagnostic Messages
mget | Return the Value of a Named Object
min | Maxima and Minima
missing | Does a Formal Argument have a Value?
Mod | Complex Numbers and Basic Functionality
mode | The (Storage) Mode of an Object
month.abb | Built-in Constants
months | Extract Parts of a POSIXt or Date Object
mtfrm | Auxiliary Function for Matching

## -- N --

NA | 'Not Available' / Missing Values
name | Names and Symbols
nameOfClass | Object Classes
names | The Names of an Object
names.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
NaN | Finite, Infinite and NaN Numbers
nargs | The Number of Arguments to a Function
NativeSymbol | Obtain a Description of one or more Native (C/Fortran) Symbols
NativeSymbolInfo | Obtain a Description of one or more Native (C/Fortran) Symbols
NA_character_ | 'Not Available' / Missing Values
NA_complex_ | 'Not Available' / Missing Values
NA_integer_ | 'Not Available' / Missing Values
NA_real_ | 'Not Available' / Missing Values
nchar | Count the Number of Characters (or Bytes or Width)
NCOL | The Number of Rows/Columns of an Array
ncol | The Number of Rows/Columns of an Array
Negate | Common Higher-Order Functions in Functional Programming Languages
new.env | Environment Access
next | Control Flow
NextMethod | Class Methods
ngettext | Translate Text Messages
nlevels | The Number of Levels of a Factor
nodeStackOverflowError | Stack Overflow Errors
noquote | Class for 'no quote' Printing of Character Strings
norm | Compute the Norm of a Matrix
normalizePath | Express File Paths in Canonical Form
NotYetImplemented | Not Yet Implemented Functions and Unused Arguments
NotYetUsed | Not Yet Implemented Functions and Unused Arguments
NROW | The Number of Rows/Columns of an Array
nrow | The Number of Rows/Columns of an Array
NULL | The Null Object
nullfile | Display Connections
numeric | Numeric Vectors
NumericConstants | Numeric Constants
numeric_version | Numeric Versions
numToBits | Convert to or from (Bit/Packed) Raw Vectors
numToInts | Convert to or from (Bit/Packed) Raw Vectors
nzchar | Count the Number of Characters (or Bytes or Width)

## -- O --

objects | List Objects
octmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Octal
oldClass | Object Classes
OlsonNames | Time Zones
on.exit | Function Exit Code
open | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
open.srcfile | References to Source Files and Code
open.srcfilealias | References to Source Files and Code
Ops | S3 Group Generic Functions
Ops.Date | Operators on the Date Class
Ops.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
Ops.factor | Factors
Ops.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
Ops.ordered | Factors
Ops.POSIXt | Date-Time Classes
option | Options Settings
options | Options Settings
order | Ordering Permutation
ordered | Factors
outer | Outer Product of Arrays

## -- P --

packageEvent | Functions to Get and Set Hooks for Load, Attach, Detach and Unload
packageNotFoundError | Find Packages
packageStartupMessage | Diagnostic Messages
package_version | Numeric Versions
packBits | Convert to or from (Bit/Packed) Raw Vectors
PAGER | Environment Variables
pairlist | Lists - Generic and Dotted Pairs
Paren | Parentheses and Braces
parent.env | Environment Access
parent.frame | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
parse | Parse R Expressions
paste | Concatenate Strings
paste0 | Concatenate Strings
path.expand | Expand File Paths
path.package | Find Packages
pcre_config | Report Configuration Options for PCRE
pi | Built-in Constants
pipe | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
pipeOp | Forward Pipe Operator
plot | Generic X-Y Plotting
pmatch | Partial String Matching
pmax | Maxima and Minima
pmax.int | Maxima and Minima
pmin | Maxima and Minima
pmin.int | Maxima and Minima
polyroot | Find Zeros of a Real or Complex Polynomial
pos.to.env | Convert Positions in the Search Path to Environments
Position | Common Higher-Order Functions in Functional Programming Languages
POSIXct | Date-Time Classes
POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
POSIXt | Date-Time Classes
pretty | Pretty Breakpoints
pretty.default | Pretty Breakpoints
prettyNum | Formatting Using C-style Formats
primitive | Look Up a Primitive Function
print | Print Values
print.AsIs | Inhibit Interpretation/Conversion of Objects
print.by | Apply a Function to a Data Frame Split by Factors
print.condition | Condition Handling and Recovery
print.connection | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
print.data.frame | Printing Data Frames
print.Date | Date Class
print.default | Default Printing
print.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
print.Dlist | Print Values
print.DLLInfo | Get DLLs Loaded in Current Session
print.eigen | Spectral Decomposition of a Matrix
print.hexmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Hexadecimal
print.libraryIQR | Loading/Attaching and Listing of Packages
print.NativeRoutineList | Reflectance Information for C/Fortran routines in a DLL
print.noquote | Class for 'no quote' Printing of Character Strings
print.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
print.octmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Octal
print.packageInfo | Loading/Attaching and Listing of Packages
print.POSIXct | Date-Time Classes
print.proc_time | Running Time of R
print.rle | Run Length Encoding
print.simple.list | Print Values
print.srcfile | References to Source Files and Code
print.srcref | References to Source Files and Code
print.summary.table | Cross Tabulation and Table Creation
print.summary.warnings | Print Warning Messages
print.summaryDefault | Object Summaries
print.warnings | Print Warning Messages
prmatrix | Print Matrices, Old-style
proc.time | Running Time of R
prod | Product of Vector Elements
promise | Delay Evaluation and Promises
promises | Delay Evaluation and Promises
prop.table | Express Table Entries as Fraction of Marginal Table
proportions | Express Table Entries as Fraction of Marginal Table
protectStackOverflowError | Stack Overflow Errors
provideDimnames | Dimnames of an Object
psigamma | Special Functions of Mathematics
pushBack | Push Text Back on to a Connection
pushBackLength | Push Text Back on to a Connection

## -- Q --

q | Terminate an R Session
qr | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
qr.coef | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
qr.default | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
qr.fitted | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
qr.Q | Reconstruct the Q, R, or X Matrices from a QR Object
qr.qty | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
qr.qy | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
qr.R | Reconstruct the Q, R, or X Matrices from a QR Object
qr.resid | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
qr.solve | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
qr.X | Reconstruct the Q, R, or X Matrices from a QR Object
quarters | Extract Parts of a POSIXt or Date Object
quit | Terminate an R Session
quote | Substituting and Quoting Expressions
Quotes | Quotes

## -- R --

R.home | Return the R Home Directory
R.Version | Version Information
R.version.string | Version Information
Random | Random Number Generation
Random.user | User-supplied Random Number Generation
range | Range of Values
rank | Sample Ranks
rapply | Recursively Apply a Function to a List
raw | Raw Vectors
rawConnection | Raw Connections
rawConnectionValue | Raw Connections
rawShift | Convert to or from (Bit/Packed) Raw Vectors
rawToBits | Convert to or from (Bit/Packed) Raw Vectors
rawToChar | Convert to or from (Bit/Packed) Raw Vectors
rbind | Combine R Objects by Rows or Columns
rbind.data.frame | Combine R Objects by Rows or Columns
rcond | Compute or Estimate the Condition Number of a Matrix
Rd2pdf | Utilities for Processing Rd Files
RD2PDF_INPUTENC | Utilities for Processing Rd Files
Rdconv | Utilities for Processing Rd Files
Re | Complex Numbers and Basic Functionality
read.dcf | Read and Write Data in DCF Format
readBin | Transfer Binary Data To and From Connections
readChar | Transfer Character Strings To and From Connections
readline | Read a Line from the Terminal
readLines | Read Text Lines from a Connection
readRDS | Serialization Interface for Single Objects
readRenviron | Set Environment Variables from a File
Recall | Recursive Calling
Reduce | Common Higher-Order Functions in Functional Programming Languages
reg.finalizer | Finalization of Objects
regex | Regular Expressions as used in R
regexec | Pattern Matching and Replacement
regexp | Regular Expressions as used in R
regexpr | Pattern Matching and Replacement
RegisteredNativeSymbol | Obtain a Description of one or more Native (C/Fortran) Symbols
regmatches | Extract or Replace Matched Substrings
regular expression | Regular Expressions as used in R
remove | Remove Objects from a Specified Environment
removeTaskCallback | Add or Remove a Top-Level Task Callback
Renviron | Initialization at Start of an R Session
rep | Replicate Elements of Vectors and Lists
rep.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
rep.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
repeat | Control Flow
replace | Replace Values in a Vector
replicate | Apply a Function over a List or Vector
rep_len | Replicate Elements of Vectors and Lists
require | Loading/Attaching and Listing of Packages
requireNamespace | Loading and Unloading Name Spaces
Reserved | Reserved Words in R
reserved | Reserved Words in R
restartDescription | Condition Handling and Recovery
restartFormals | Condition Handling and Recovery
retracemem | Trace Copying of Objects
return | Function Definition
returnValue | Interactive Tracing and Debugging of Calls to a Function or Method
rev | Reverse Elements
rle | Run Length Encoding
rm | Remove Objects from a Specified Environment
RNG | Random Number Generation
RNGkind | Random Number Generation
RNGversion | Random Number Generation
round | Rounding of Numbers
round.Date | Round / Truncate Date-Time Objects
round.POSIXt | Round / Truncate Date-Time Objects
row | Row Indexes
row.names | Get and Set Row Names for Data Frames
rowMeans | Form Row and Column Sums and Means
rownames | Row and Column Names
rowsum | Give Column Sums of a Matrix or Data Frame, Based on a Grouping Variable
rowSums | Form Row and Column Sums and Means
Rprofile | Initialization at Start of an R Session
Rprofile.site | Initialization at Start of an R Session
R_BATCH | Environment Variables
R_BROWSER | Environment Variables
R_compiled_by | Version Information
R_COMPLETION | Environment Variables
R_C_BOUNDS_CHECK | Options Settings
R_DEFAULT_DEVICE | Options Settings
R_DEFAULT_PACKAGES | Initialization at Start of an R Session
R_DOC_DIR | Environment Variables
R_ENVIRON | Initialization at Start of an R Session
R_ENVIRON_USER | Initialization at Start of an R Session
R_GCTORTURE | Torture Garbage Collector
R_GCTORTURE_INHIBIT_RELEASE | Torture Garbage Collector
R_GCTORTURE_WAIT | Torture Garbage Collector
R_GSCMD | Environment Variables
R_HISTFILE | Environment Variables
R_HISTSIZE | Environment Variables
R_HOME | Return the R Home Directory
R_ICU_LOCALE | Setup Collation by ICU
R_INCLUDE_DIR | Environment Variables
R_INTERACTIVE_DEVICE | Options Settings
R_KEEP_PKG_SOURCE | Options Settings
R_LIBS | Search Paths for Packages
R_LIBS_SITE | Search Paths for Packages
R_LIBS_USER | Search Paths for Packages
R_MAX_NUM_DLLS | Foreign Function Interface
R_PAPERSIZE | Environment Variables
R_PCRE_JIT_STACK_MAXSIZE | Environment Variables
R_PDFVIEWER | Environment Variables
R_PLATFORM | Environment Variables
R_PRINTCMD | Environment Variables
R_PROFILE | Initialization at Start of an R Session
R_PROFILE_USER | Initialization at Start of an R Session
R_RD4PDF | Environment Variables
R_SHARE_DIR | Environment Variables
R_SUPPORT_OLD_TARS | Environment Variables
R_system_version | Numeric Versions
R_TEXI2DVICMD | Environment Variables
R_TIDYCMD | Environment Variables
R_UNZIPCMD | Environment Variables
R_USER | Environment Variables
R_ZIPCMD | Environment Variables

## -- S --

S3groupGeneric | S3 Group Generic Functions
S3Methods | Class Methods
S4 | Test for an S4 object
sample | Random Samples and Permutations
sapply | Apply a Function over a List or Vector
save | Save R Objects
saveRDS | Serialization Interface for Single Objects
scale | Scaling and Centering of Matrix-like Objects
scan | Read Data Values
search | Give Search Path for R Objects
searchpaths | Give Search Path for R Objects
seek | Functions to Reposition Connections
seq | Sequence Generation
seq.Date | Generate Regular Sequences of Dates
seq.POSIXt | Generate Regular Sequences of Times
sequence | Create A Vector of Sequences
seq_along | Sequence Generation
seq_len | Sequence Generation
serialize | Simple Serialization Interface
serverSocket | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
set.seed | Random Number Generation
setdiff | Set Operations
setequal | Set Operations
setHook | Functions to Get and Set Hooks for Load, Attach, Detach and Unload
setSessionTimeLimit | Set CPU and/or Elapsed Time Limits
setTimeLimit | Set CPU and/or Elapsed Time Limits
setwd | Get or Set Working Directory
shell | Invoke a System Command
showConnections | Display Connections
shQuote | Quote Strings for Use in OS Shells
sign | Sign Function
signalCondition | Condition Handling and Recovery
Signals | Interrupting Execution of R
signif | Rounding of Numbers
simpleCondition | Condition Handling and Recovery
simpleError | Condition Handling and Recovery
simpleMessage | Condition Handling and Recovery
simpleWarning | Condition Handling and Recovery
simplify2array | Apply a Function over a List or Vector
sin | Trigonometric Functions
single | Double-Precision Vectors
sinh | Hyperbolic Functions
sink | Send R Output to a File
sinpi | Trigonometric Functions
slice.index | Slice Indexes in an Array
socketAccept | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
socketConnection | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
socketSelect | Wait on Socket Connections
socketTimeout | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
solve | Solve a System of Equations
solve.qr | The QR Decomposition of a Matrix
sort | Sorting or Ordering Vectors
sort.list | Ordering Permutation
sort_by | Sorting Vectors or Data Frames by Other Vectors
source | Read R Code from a File, a Connection or Expressions
Special | Special Functions of Mathematics
split | Divide into Groups and Reassemble
split.Date | Date Class
split.POSIXct | Date-Time Classes
sprintf | Use C-style String Formatting Commands
sqrt | Miscellaneous Mathematical Functions
sQuote | Quote Text
srcfile | References to Source Files and Code
srcfile-class | References to Source Files and Code
srcfilealias | References to Source Files and Code
srcfilealias-class | References to Source Files and Code
srcfilecopy | References to Source Files and Code
srcfilecopy-class | References to Source Files and Code
srcref | References to Source Files and Code
srcref-class | References to Source Files and Code
stackOverflowError | Stack Overflow Errors
StackOverflows | Stack Overflow Errors
standardGeneric | Formal Method System - Dispatching S4 Methods
startsWith | Does String Start or End With Another String?
Startup | Initialization at Start of an R Session
stderr | Display Connections
stdin | Display Connections
stdout | Display Connections
stop | Stop Function Execution
stopifnot | Ensure the Truth of R Expressions
storage.mode | The (Storage) Mode of an Object
str.POSIXt | Date-Time Classes
str2expression | Parse R Expressions
str2lang | Parse R Expressions
strftime | Date-time Conversion Functions to and from Character
strptime | Date-time Conversion Functions to and from Character
strrep | Repeat the Elements of a Character Vector
strsplit | Split the Elements of a Character Vector
strtoi | Convert Strings to Integers
strtrim | Trim Character Strings to Specified Display Widths
structure | Attribute Specification
strwrap | Wrap Character Strings to Format Paragraphs
sub | Pattern Matching and Replacement
Subscript | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
subset | Subsetting Vectors, Matrices and Data Frames
substitute | Substituting and Quoting Expressions
substr | Substrings of a Character Vector
substring | Substrings of a Character Vector
sum | Sum of Vector Elements
Summary | S3 Group Generic Functions
summary | Object Summaries
summary.connection | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
Summary.Date | Date Class
summary.Date | Date Class
Summary.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
Summary.factor | Factors
Summary.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
Summary.ordered | Factors
Summary.POSIXct | Date-Time Classes
summary.POSIXct | Date-Time Classes
Summary.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
summary.proc_time | Running Time of R
summary.srcfile | References to Source Files and Code
summary.srcref | References to Source Files and Code
summary.table | Cross Tabulation and Table Creation
summary.warnings | Print Warning Messages
suppressMessages | Diagnostic Messages
suppressPackageStartupMessages | Diagnostic Messages
suppressWarnings | Warning Messages
suspendInterrupts | Condition Handling and Recovery
svd | Singular Value Decomposition of a Matrix
sweep | Sweep out Array Summaries
switch | Select One of a List of Alternatives
symbol | Names and Symbols
Syntax | Operator Syntax and Precedence
Sys.chmod | Manipulation of Directories and File Permissions
Sys.Date | Get Current Date and Time
Sys.getenv | Get Environment Variables
Sys.getlocale | Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
Sys.getpid | Get the Process ID of the R Session
Sys.glob | Wildcard Expansion on File Paths
Sys.info | Extract System and User Information
Sys.localeconv | Find Details of the Numerical and Monetary Representations in the Current Locale
sys.on.exit | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
sys.parent | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
Sys.readlink | Read File Symbolic Links
Sys.setenv | Set or Unset Environment Variables
Sys.setFileTime | Set File Time
Sys.setLanguage | Translate Text Messages
Sys.setlocale | Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
Sys.sleep | Suspend Execution for a Time Interval
sys.source | Parse and Evaluate Expressions from a File
sys.status | Functions to Access the Function Call Stack
Sys.time | Get Current Date and Time
Sys.timezone | Time Zones
Sys.umask | Manipulation of Directories and File Permissions
Sys.unsetenv | Set or Unset Environment Variables
Sys.which | Find Full Paths to Executables
system | Invoke a System Command
system.file | Find Names of R System Files
system.time | CPU Time Used
system2 | Invoke a System Command

## -- T --

T | Logical Vectors
t | Matrix Transpose
table | Cross Tabulation and Table Creation
tabulate | Tabulation for Vectors
Tailcall | 'Tailcall' and 'Exec'
tan | Trigonometric Functions
tanh | Hyperbolic Functions
tanpi | Trigonometric Functions
tapply | Apply a Function Over a Ragged Array
taskCallbackManager | Create an R-level Task Callback Manager
tcrossprod | Matrix Cross-Product
tempdir | Create Names for Temporary Files
tempfile | Create Names for Temporary Files
textConnection | Text Connections
textConnectionValue | Text Connections
tilde | Tilde Operator
tilde expansion | Expand File Paths
time interval | Time Intervals / Differences
time zone | Time Zones
time zones | Time Zones
timezone | Time Zones
timezones | Time Zones
TMPDIR | Environment Variables
tolower | Character Translation and Case Folding
topenv | Top Level Environment
toString | Convert an R Object to a Character String
toupper | Character Translation and Case Folding
trace | Interactive Tracing and Debugging of Calls to a Function or Method
traceback | Get and Print Call Stacks
tracemem | Trace Copying of Objects
tracingState | Interactive Tracing and Debugging of Calls to a Function or Method
transform | Transform an Object, for Example a Data Frame
Trig | Trigonometric Functions
trigamma | Special Functions of Mathematics
trimws | Remove Leading/Trailing Whitespace
TRUE | Logical Vectors
trunc | Rounding of Numbers
trunc.Date | Round / Truncate Date-Time Objects
trunc.POSIXt | Round / Truncate Date-Time Objects
truncate | Functions to Reposition Connections
try | Try an Expression Allowing Error Recovery
tryCatch | Condition Handling and Recovery
tryInvokeRestart | Condition Handling and Recovery
type | The Type of an Object
typeof | The Type of an Object
TZ | Time Zones
TZDIR | Time Zones

## -- U --

umask | Manipulation of Directories and File Permissions
unCfillPOSIXlt | Balancing "Ragged" and Out-of-range POSIXlt Date-Times
unclass | Object Classes
undebug | Debug a Function
Unicode | Convert Integer Vectors to or from UTF-8-encoded Character Vectors
union | Set Operations
unique | Extract Unique Elements
unique.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
unique.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
unique.warnings | Print Warning Messages
units | Units
units.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
unlink | Delete Files and Directories
unlist | Flatten Lists
unloadNamespace | Loading and Unloading Name Spaces
unlockBinding | Binding and Environment Locking, Active Bindings
unname | Remove 'names' or 'dimnames'
unserialize | Simple Serialization Interface
unsplit | Divide into Groups and Reassemble
untrace | Interactive Tracing and Debugging of Calls to a Function or Method
untracemem | Trace Copying of Objects
unz | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
upper.tri | Lower and Upper Triangular Part of a Matrix
url | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)
use | Use Packages
UseMethod | Class Methods
UTF-8 file path | File Paths not in the Native Encoding
utf8ToInt | Convert Integer Vectors to or from UTF-8-encoded Character Vectors

## -- V --

validEnc | Check if a Character Vector is Validly Encoded
validUTF8 | Check if a Character Vector is Validly Encoded
vapply | Apply a Function over a List or Vector
vector | Vectors - Creation, Coercion, etc
Vectorize | Vectorize a Scalar Function
version | Version Information

## -- W --

warning | Warning Messages
warningCondition | Condition Handling and Recovery
warnings | Print Warning Messages
weekdays | Extract Parts of a POSIXt or Date Object
which | Which indices are TRUE?
which.max | Where is the Min() or Max() or first TRUE or FALSE ?
which.min | Where is the Min() or Max() or first TRUE or FALSE ?
while | Control Flow
with | Evaluate an Expression in a Data Environment
withAutoprint | Read R Code from a File, a Connection or Expressions
withCallingHandlers | Condition Handling and Recovery
within | Evaluate an Expression in a Data Environment
withRestarts | Condition Handling and Recovery
withVisible | Return both a Value and its Visibility
write | Write Data to a File
write.dcf | Read and Write Data in DCF Format
writeBin | Transfer Binary Data To and From Connections
writeChar | Transfer Character Strings To and From Connections
writeLines | Write Lines to a Connection

## -- X --

xor | Logical Operators
xtfrm | Auxiliary Function for Sorting and Ranking
xtfrm.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
xzfile | Functions to Manipulate Connections (Files, URLs, ...)

## -- Z --

zapsmall | Rounding of Numbers: Zapping Small Ones to Zero

## -- misc --

! | Logical Operators
!.hexmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Hexadecimal
!.octmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Octal
!= | Relational Operators
" | Quotes
$ | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
$.DLLInfo | Get DLLs Loaded in Current Session
$.package_version | Numeric Versions
$<- | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
$<-.data.frame | Extract or Replace Parts of a Data Frame
$<-.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
%% | Arithmetic Operators
%*% | Matrix Multiplication
%/% | Arithmetic Operators
%in% | Value Matching
%o% | Outer Product of Arrays
%x% | Kronecker Products on Arrays
%||% | Control Flow
& | Logical Operators
&& | Logical Operators
&.hexmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Hexadecimal
&.octmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Octal
' | Quotes
( | Parentheses and Braces
* | Arithmetic Operators
** | Arithmetic Operators
*.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
+ | Arithmetic Operators
+.Date | Operators on the Date Class
+.POSIXt | Date-Time Classes
- | Arithmetic Operators
-.Date | Operators on the Date Class
-.POSIXt | Date-Time Classes
-> | Assignment Operators
->> | Assignment Operators
... | ..., '..1', etc used in Functions
...elt | ..., '..1', etc used in Functions
...length | ..., '..1', etc used in Functions
...names | ..., '..1', etc used in Functions
..1 | ..., '..1', etc used in Functions
..2 | ..., '..1', etc used in Functions
..deparseOpts | Options for Expression Deparsing
.Autoloaded | On-demand Loading of Packages
.AutoloadEnv | On-demand Loading of Packages
.BaseNamespaceEnv | Environment Access
.bincode | Bin a Numeric Vector
.C | Foreign Function Interface
.Call | Modern Interfaces to C/C++ code
.Class | Class Methods
.class2 | Object Classes
.col | Column Indexes
.colMeans | Form Row and Column Sums and Means
.colSums | Form Row and Column Sums and Means
.conflicts.OK | Attach Set of R Objects to Search Path
.Defunct | Marking Objects as Defunct
.deparseOpts | Options for Expression Deparsing
.Deprecated | Marking Objects as Deprecated
.Device | Lists of Open/Active Graphics Devices
.Devices | Lists of Open/Active Graphics Devices
.doTrace | Interactive Tracing and Debugging of Calls to a Function or Method
.dynLibs | Loading DLLs from Packages
.External | Modern Interfaces to C/C++ code
.First | Initialization at Start of an R Session
.First.sys | Initialization at Start of an R Session
.format.zeros | Formatting Using C-style Formats
.Fortran | Foreign Function Interface
.Generic | Class Methods
.GlobalEnv | Environment Access
.Group | S3 Group Generic Functions
.handleSimpleError | Condition Handling and Recovery
.Internal | Call an Internal Function
.internalGenerics | Internal Generic Functions
.isOpen | References to Source Files and Code
.kappa_tri | Compute or Estimate the Condition Number of a Matrix
.Last | Terminate an R Session
.Last.lib | Hooks for Namespace Events
.Last.sys | Terminate an R Session
.Last.value | Value of Last Evaluated Expression
.LC.categories | Query or Set Aspects of the Locale
.leap.seconds | Date-Time Classes
.libPaths | Search Paths for Packages
.Library | Search Paths for Packages
.Library.site | Search Paths for Packages
.Machine | Numerical Characteristics of the Machine
.makeMessage | Diagnostic Messages
.mapply | Apply a Function to Multiple List or Vector Arguments
.Method | Class Methods
.noGenerics | Loading/Attaching and Listing of Packages
.NotYetImplemented | Not Yet Implemented Functions and Unused Arguments
.NotYetUsed | Not Yet Implemented Functions and Unused Arguments
.onAttach | Hooks for Namespace Events
.onDetach | Hooks for Namespace Events
.onLoad | Hooks for Namespace Events
.onUnload | Hooks for Namespace Events
.Options | Options Settings
.OptRequireMethods | Initialization at Start of an R Session
.packages | Listing of Packages
.Platform | Platform Specific Variables
.pretty | Pretty Breakpoints
.Primitive | Look Up a Primitive Function
.Random.seed | Random Number Generation
.rangeNum | Range of Values
.Renviron | Initialization at Start of an R Session
.row | Row Indexes
.rowMeans | Form Row and Column Sums and Means
.rowSums | Form Row and Column Sums and Means
.Rprofile | Initialization at Start of an R Session
.S3method | Register S3 Methods
.S3PrimitiveGenerics | Internal Generic Functions
.signalSimpleWarning | Condition Handling and Recovery
.standard_regexps | Miscellaneous Internal/Programming Utilities
.sys.timezone | Time Zones
.Traceback | Get and Print Call Stacks
.traceback | Get and Print Call Stacks
.tryResumeInterrupt | Condition Handling and Recovery
.userHooksEnv | Functions to Get and Set Hooks for Load, Attach, Detach and Unload
.valid.factor | Factors
/ | Arithmetic Operators
/.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
0x1 | Numeric Constants
1i | Numeric Constants
1L | Numeric Constants
: | Colon Operator
:: | Double Colon and Triple Colon Operators
::: | Double Colon and Triple Colon Operators
< | Relational Operators
<- | Assignment Operators
<<- | Assignment Operators
<= | Relational Operators
= | Assignment Operators
== | Relational Operators
> | Relational Operators
>= | Relational Operators
@ | Extract or Replace a Slot or Property
@<- | Extract or Replace a Slot or Property
[ | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
[.AsIs | Inhibit Interpretation/Conversion of Objects
[.data.frame | Extract or Replace Parts of a Data Frame
[.Date | Date Class
[.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
[.Dlist | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
[.DLLInfoList | Get DLLs Loaded in Current Session
[.factor | Extract or Replace Parts of a Factor
[.hexmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Hexadecimal
[.listof | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
[.noquote | Class for 'no quote' Printing of Character Strings
[.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
[.octmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Octal
[.POSIXct | Date-Time Classes
[.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
[.simple.list | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
[.table | Cross Tabulation and Table Creation
[.warnings | Print Warning Messages
[<- | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
[<-.data.frame | Extract or Replace Parts of a Data Frame
[<-.Date | Date Class
[<-.difftime | Time Intervals / Differences
[<-.factor | Extract or Replace Parts of a Factor
[<-.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
[<-.POSIXct | Date-Time Classes
[<-.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
[[ | Extract or Replace Parts of an Object
[[.data.frame | Extract or Replace Parts of a Data Frame
[[.Date | Date Class
[[.factor | Extract or Replace Parts of a Factor
[[.numeric_version | Numeric Versions
[[.POSIXct | Date-Time Classes
[[.POSIXlt | Date-Time Classes
^ | Arithmetic Operators
` | Quotes
{ | Parentheses and Braces
| | Logical Operators
|.hexmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Hexadecimal
|.octmode | Integer Numbers Displayed in Octal
|> | Forward Pipe Operator
|| | Logical Operators
~ | Tilde Operator