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# scipy.signal.remez

`scipy.signal.``remez`(numtaps, bands, desired, weight=None, Hz=1, type='bandpass', maxiter=25, grid_density=16)

  Calculate the minimax optimal filter using the Remez exchange algorithm.

  Calculate the filter-coefficients for the finite impulse response (FIR) filter whose transfer function minimizes the maximum error between the desired gain and the realized gain in the specified frequency bands using the Remez exchange algorithm.

  Parameters:

  numtaps : int

  > The desired number of taps in the filter. The number of taps is the number of terms in the filter, or the filter order plus one.

  bands : array_like

  > A monotonic sequence containing the band edges in Hz. All elements must be non-negative and less than half the sampling frequency as given by Hz.

  desired : array_like

  > A sequence half the size of bands containing the desired gain in each of the specified bands.

  weight : array_like, optional

  > A relative weighting to give to each band region. The length of weight has to be half the length of bands.

  Hz : scalar, optional

  > The sampling frequency in Hz. Default is 1.

  type : {‘bandpass’, ‘differentiator’, ‘hilbert’}, optional

  > The type of filter:

  > > - ‘bandpass’ : flat response in bands. This is the default.
  > > - ‘differentiator’ : frequency proportional response in bands.
  > > - ‘hilbert’ : filter with odd symmetry, that is, type III
  > >     (for even order) or type IV (for odd order) linear phase filters.

  maxiter : int, optional

  > Maximum number of iterations of the algorithm. Default is 25.

  grid_density : int, optional

  > Grid density. The dense grid used in `remez` is of size `(numtaps + 1) * grid_density`. Default is 16.

  Returns:

  out : ndarray

  > A rank-1 array containing the coefficients of the optimal (in a minimax sense) filter.

  See also

  `firls`, `firwin`, `firwin2`, `minimum_phase`

  References

  [R260] | J. H. McClellan and T. W. Parks, “A unified approach to the design of optimum FIR linear phase digital filters”, IEEE Trans. Circuit Theory, vol. CT-20, pp. 697-701, 1973.

  [R261] | J. H. McClellan, T. W. Parks and L. R. Rabiner, “A Computer Program for Designing Optimum FIR Linear Phase Digital Filters”, IEEE Trans. Audio Electroacoust., vol. AU-21, pp. 506-525, 1973.

  Examples

  We want to construct a filter with a passband at 0.2-0.4 Hz, and stop bands at 0-0.1 Hz and 0.45-0.5 Hz. Note that this means that the behavior in the frequency ranges between those bands is unspecified and may overshoot.

      >>> from scipy import signal
      >>> bpass = signal.remez(72, [0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.45, 0.5], [0, 1, 0])
      >>> freq, response = signal.freqz(bpass)
      >>> ampl = np.abs(response)

      >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
      >>> fig = plt.figure()
      >>> ax1 = fig.add_subplot(111)
      >>> ax1.semilogy(freq/(2*np.pi), ampl, 'b-')  # freq in Hz
      >>> plt.show()

  (Source code)