# 7.19 Water

Water at 60 deg F flows from a reservoir through a piping system according to a diagram in the book. The reservoir has a head of 11.5 feet.

The system is:

    entrance

    3" miter bend

    standard gate valve open

    10 feet of 3 inch pipe (sched 40)

    sudden contraction

    20 feet of 2 inch pipe (sched 40)

    exit

Find the flow rate in gallons/minute.

    [1]:

    from fluids.units import *
    from math import pi
    L1 = 10*u.foot
    L2 = 20*u.foot

    dH = 11.5*u.foot

    mu = 1.1*u.cP
    rho = 62.364*u.lb/u.ft**3

    NPS1, Di1, Do1, t1 = nearest_pipe(NPS=3, schedule='40')
    NPS2, Di2, Do2, t2 = nearest_pipe(NPS=2, schedule='40')

    A1 = 0.25*pi*Di1**2
    A2 = 0.25*pi*Di2**2

    ft1 = ft_Crane(Di1)
    ft2 = ft_Crane(Di2)

    roughness = 0.0018*u.inch

    dP = rho*dH*1*u.gravity

    fd1 = fd2 = 0.018 # assumed; solve with sequential substitution
    # Take the 3" diameter as the reference for K
    for i in range(10):
        K_entrance = entrance_sharp(method='Crane')
        K_exit = change_K_basis(exit_normal(), 2*u.inch, 3*u.inch)
        K_gate = K_gate_valve_Crane(D1=Di1, D2=Di1, angle=0.0*u.degrees)
        K_elbow = bend_miter(Di=Di1, angle=90*u.degrees, method='Crane')
        K_contraction = change_K_basis(contraction_conical_Crane(3*u.inch, 2*u.inch, l=0*u.m), 2*u.inch, 3*u.inch)

        K_tot = K_entrance + K_elbow + K_gate + K_exit + K_contraction
        K_f1 = K_from_f(fd=fd1, L=L1, D=Di1)
        K_f2 = change_K_basis(K_from_f(fd=fd2, L=L2, D=Di2), 2*u.inch, 3*u.inch)
        K_tot += K_f1 + K_f2

        K_tot_basis2 = change_K_basis(K_tot, 3*u.inch, 2*u.inch)

        v1 = (2*dP/(K_tot*rho))**0.5
        v2 = (2*dP/(K_tot_basis2*rho))**0.5

        Re1 = rho*v1*Di1/mu
        Re2 = rho*v2*Di2/mu
        fd1 = friction_factor(Re=Re1, eD=roughness/Di1)
        fd2 = friction_factor(Re=Re2, eD=roughness/Di2)

    Q = A1*v1
    Q.to(u.gal/u.min)

    [1]:

136.70828839615876 gallon/minute

The solution given in Crane where they also perform iterations is 137 gal/min.