# sdl2.ext.window - Creating and Working with SDL2 Windows

This module contains the `Window` class, which provides a friendly Pythonic API for creating, moving, resizing, closing, or otherwise working with SDL2 windows.

Window routines to manage on-screen windows.

class sdl2.ext.window.Window(title, size, position=None, flags=None)

  Creates a visible window with an optional border and title text.

  In SDL2, a window is the object through which visuals are displayed and all input events are captured. This class is a Pythonic alternative to working directly with SDL2’s `SDL_Window` type, wrapping a number of useful functions for working with windows.

  The created Window is hidden by default, but can be shown using the `show()` method. Additionally, the type and properties of the created window can be configured using various flags:

  Flag | Description
  --- | ---
  `SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN` | Will be shown when created
  `SDL_WINDOW_HIDDEN` | Will be hidden when created
  `SDL_WINDOW_BORDERLESS` | Will not be decorated by the OS
  `SDL_WINDOW_RESIZABLE` | Will be resizable
  `SDL_WINDOW_MINIMIZED` | Will be created in a minimized state
  `SDL_WINDOW_MAXIMIZED` | Will be created in a maximized state
  `SDL_WINDOW_FULLSCREEN` | Will be fullscreen
  `SDL_WINDOW_FULLSCREEN_DESKTOP` | Will be fullscreen at the current desktop resolution
  `SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL` | Will be usable with an OpenGL context
  `SDL_WINDOW_VULKAN` | Will be usable with a Vulkan instance
  `SDL_WINDOW_METAL` | Will be usable with a Metal context
  `SDL_WINDOW_ALLOW_HIGHDPI` | Will be created in high-DPI mode (if supported)
  `SDL_WINDOW_INPUT_FOCUS` | Will have input focus when created
  `SDL_WINDOW_MOUSE_FOCUS` | Will have mouse focus when created
  `SDL_WINDOW_INPUT_GRABBED` | Will prevent the mouse from leaving the bounds of the window
  `SDL_WINDOW_MOUSE_CAPTURE` | Will capture mouse to track input outside of the window when created

  There are also a few additional window creation flags that only affect the X11 window manager (i.e. most distributions of Linux and BSD):

  Flag | Description
  --- | ---
  `SDL_WINDOW_ALWAYS_ON_TOP` | Should stay on top of other windows
  `SDL_WINDOW_SKIP_TASKBAR` | Should not be added to the taskbar
  `SDL_WINDOW_UTILITY` | Should be treated as a utility window
  `SDL_WINDOW_TOOLTIP` | Should be treated as a tooltip
  `SDL_WINDOW_POPUP_MENU` | Should be treated as a popup menu

  To combine multiple flags, you can use a bitwise OR to combine two or more together before passing them to the flags argument. For example, to create a fullscreen window that supports an OpenGL context and is shown on creation, you would use:

      win_flags = (
          sdl2.SDL_WINDOW_FULLSCREEN | sdl2.SDL_WINDOW_OPENGL |
          sdl2.SDL_WINDOW_SHOWN
      )
      sdl2.ext.Window("PySDL2", (800, 600), flags=win_flags)

  Parameters:

    - title (str) – The title to use for the window.

    - size (tuple) – The initial size (in pixels) of the window, in the format (width, height).

    - position (tuple, optional) – The initial (x, y) coordinates of the top-left corner of the window. If not specified, defaults to letting the system’s window manager choose a location for the window.

    - flags (int, optional) – The window attribute flags with which the window will be created. Defaults to `SDL_WINDOW_HIDDEN`.

  window

    The underlying SDL2 Window object. If the window has been closed, this value will be None.

    Type:

      `SDL_Window`, None

  property position

    The (x, y) pixel coordinates of the top-left corner of the window.

    Type:

      tuple

  property title

    The title of the window.

    Type:

      str

  property size

    The current dimensions of the window (in pixels) in the form `(width, height)`.

    Type:

      tuple

  create()

    Creates the window if it does not already exist.

  open()

    Creates and shows the window.

  close()

    Closes and destroys the window.

    Once this method has been called, the window cannot be re-opened. However, you can create a new window with the same settings using the `create()` method.

  show()

    Shows the window on the display.

    If the window is already visible, this method does nothing.

  hide()

    Hides the window.

    If the window is already hidden, this method does nothing.

  maximize()

    Maximizes the window.

  minimize()

    Minimizes the window into the system’s dock or task bar.

  restore()

    Restores a minimized or maximized window to its original state.

    If the window has not been minimized or maximized, this method does nothing.

  refresh()

    Updates the window to reflect any changes made to its surface.

    Note

    This only needs to be called if the window surface was acquired and modified using `get_surface()`.

  get_surface()

    Gets the `SDL_Surface` used by the window.

    This method obtains the SDL surface used by the window, which can be then be modified to change the contents of the window (e.g draw shapes or images) using functions such as `sdl2.SDL_BlitSurface()` or `sdl2.ext.fill()`.

    The obtained surface will be invalidated if the window is resized. As such, you will need to call this method again whenever this happens in order to continue to access the window’s contents.

    Note

    If using OpenGL/Vulkan/Metal rendering or the SDL rendering API (e.g. `sdl2.SDL_CreateRenderer()`) for drawing to the window, this method should not be used.

    Returns:

      The surface associated with the window.

    Return type:

      `SDL_Surface`