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# What’s new in PyPy 1.9

- Working hash function for numpy types.

Improved jit hooks .. branch: faster-heapcache .. branch: faster-str-decode-escape .. branch: float-bytes Added some primitives for dealing with floats as raw bytes. .. branch: float-bytes-2 Added more float byte primitives. .. branch: jit-frame-counter Put more debug info into resops. .. branch: kill-geninterp Kill “geninterp”, an old attempt to statically turn some fixed app-level code to interp-level. .. branch: kqueue Finished select.kqueue. .. branch: kwargsdict-strategy Special dictionary strategy for dealing with **kwds. Now having a simple proxy `def f(*args, **kwds): return x(*args, **kwds` should not make any allocations at all. .. branch: matrixmath-dot numpypy can now handle matrix multiplication. .. branch: merge-2.7.2 The stdlib was updated to version 2.7.2 .. branch: ndmin .. branch: newindex .. branch: non-null-threadstate cpyext: Better support for PyEval_SaveThread and other PyTreadState_* functions. .. branch: numppy-flatitter flatitier for numpy .. branch: numpy-back-to-applevel reuse more of original numpy .. branch: numpy-concatenate concatenation support for numpy .. branch: numpy-indexing-by-arrays-bool indexing by bool arrays .. branch: numpy-record-dtypes record dtypes on numpy has been started .. branch: numpy-single-jitdriver .. branch: numpy-ufuncs2 .. branch: numpy-ufuncs3 various refactorings regarding numpy .. branch: numpypy-issue1137 .. branch: numpypy-out The “out” argument was added to most of the numypypy functions. .. branch: numpypy-shape-bug .. branch: numpypy-ufuncs .. branch: pytest .. branch: safe-getargs-freelist CPyext improvements. For example PyOpenSSL should now work .. branch: set-strategies Sets now have strategies just like dictionaries. This means a set containing only ints will be more compact (and faster) .. branch: speedup-list-comprehension The simplest case of list comprehension is preallocating the correct size of the list. This speeds up select benchmarks quite significantly. .. branch: stdlib-unification The directory “lib-python/modified-2.7” has been removed, and its content merged into “lib-python/2.7”. .. branch: step-one-xrange The common case of a xrange iterator with no step argument specifed was somewhat optimized. The tightest loop involving it, sum(xrange(n)), is now 18% faster on average. .. branch: string-NUL PyPy refuses filenames with chr(0) characters. This is implemented in RPython which can enforce no-NUL correctness and propagation, similar to const-correctness in C++. .. branch: win32-cleanup .. branch: win32-cleanup2 .. branch: win32-cleanup_2 Many bugs were corrected for windows 32 bit. New functionality was added to test validity of file descriptors, leading to the removal of the global _invalid_parameter_handler .. branch: win32-kill Add os.kill to windows even if translating python does not have os.kill .. branch: win_ffi Handle calling conventions for the _ffi and ctypes modules .. branch: win64-stage1 .. branch: zlib-mem-pressure Memory “leaks” associated with zlib are fixed.

The `ffistruct` branch adds a very low level way to express C structures with _ffi in a very JIT-friendly way

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