### 15.4 CORRELATIONS

         CORRELATIONS
              /VARIABLES = var_list [ WITH var_list ]
              [
               .
               .
               .
               /VARIABLES = var_list [ WITH var_list ]
               /VARIABLES = var_list [ WITH var_list ]
              ]

              [ /PRINT={TWOTAIL, ONETAIL} {SIG, NOSIG} ]
              [ /STATISTICS=DESCRIPTIVES XPROD ALL]
              [ /MISSING={PAIRWISE, LISTWISE} {INCLUDE, EXCLUDE} ]

The `CORRELATIONS` procedure produces tables of the Pearson correlation coefficient for a set of variables. The significance of the coefficients are also given.

At least one `VARIABLES` subcommand is required. If the `WITH` keyword is used, then a non-square correlation table will be produced. The variables preceding `WITH`, will be used as the rows of the table, and the variables following will be the columns of the table. If no `WITH` subcommand is given, then a square, symmetrical table using all variables is produced.

The `MISSING` subcommand determines the handling of missing variables. If `INCLUDE` is set, then user-missing values are included in the calculations, but system-missing values are not. If `EXCLUDE` is set, which is the default, user-missing values are excluded as well as system-missing values.

If `LISTWISE` is set, then the entire case is excluded from analysis whenever any variable specified in any `/VARIABLES` subcommand contains a missing value. If `PAIRWISE` is set, then a case is considered missing only if either of the values for the particular coefficient are missing. The default is `PAIRWISE`.

The `PRINT` subcommand is used to control how the reported significance values are printed. If the `TWOTAIL` option is used, then a two-tailed test of significance is printed. If the `ONETAIL` option is given, then a one-tailed test is used. The default is `TWOTAIL`.

If the `NOSIG` option is specified, then correlation coefficients with significance less than 0.05 are highlighted. If `SIG` is specified, then no highlighting is performed. This is the default.

The `STATISTICS` subcommand requests additional statistics to be displayed. The keyword `DESCRIPTIVES` requests that the mean, number of non-missing cases, and the non-biased estimator of the standard deviation are displayed. These statistics will be displayed in a separated table, for all the variables listed in any `/VARIABLES` subcommand. The `XPROD` keyword requests cross-product deviations and covariance estimators to be displayed for each pair of variables. The keyword `ALL` is the union of `DESCRIPTIVES` and `XPROD`.