Gets file permissions

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- PHP Manual
- Filesystem Functions
- Gets file permissions

# fileperms

(PHP 4, PHP 5, PHP 7, PHP 8)

fileperms — Gets file permissions

### Description

fileperms(string `$filename`): int|false

Gets permissions for the given file.

### Parameters

`filename`

  Path to the file.

### Return Values

Returns the file's permissions as a numeric mode. Lower bits of this mode are the same as the permissions expected by chmod(), however on most platforms the return value will also include information on the type of file given as `filename`. The examples below demonstrate how to test the return value for specific permissions and file types on POSIX systems, including Linux and macOS.

For local files, the specific return value is that of the `st_mode` member of the structure returned by the C library's stat() function. Exactly which bits are set can vary from platform to platform, and looking up your specific platform's documentation is recommended if parsing the non-permission bits of the return value is required.

Returns `false` on failure.

### Errors/Exceptions

Upon failure, an `E_WARNING` is emitted.

### Examples

Example #1 Display permissions as an octal value

    <?php
    echo substr(sprintf('%o', fileperms('/tmp')), -4);
    echo substr(sprintf('%o', fileperms('/etc/passwd')), -4);
    ?>

The above example will output:

    1777
    0644

Example #2 Display full permissions

    <?php
    $perms = fileperms('/etc/passwd');

    switch ($perms & 0xF000) {
        case 0xC000: // socket
            $info = 's';
            break;
        case 0xA000: // symbolic link
            $info = 'l';
            break;
        case 0x8000: // regular
            $info = 'r';
            break;
        case 0x6000: // block special
            $info = 'b';
            break;
        case 0x4000: // directory
            $info = 'd';
            break;
        case 0x2000: // character special
            $info = 'c';
            break;
        case 0x1000: // FIFO pipe
            $info = 'p';
            break;
        default: // unknown
            $info = 'u';
    }

    // Owner
    $info .= (($perms & 0x0100) ? 'r' : '-');
    $info .= (($perms & 0x0080) ? 'w' : '-');
    $info .= (($perms & 0x0040) ?
                (($perms & 0x0800) ? 's' : 'x' ) :
                (($perms & 0x0800) ? 'S' : '-'));

    // Group
    $info .= (($perms & 0x0020) ? 'r' : '-');
    $info .= (($perms & 0x0010) ? 'w' : '-');
    $info .= (($perms & 0x0008) ?
                (($perms & 0x0400) ? 's' : 'x' ) :
                (($perms & 0x0400) ? 'S' : '-'));

    // World
    $info .= (($perms & 0x0004) ? 'r' : '-');
    $info .= (($perms & 0x0002) ? 'w' : '-');
    $info .= (($perms & 0x0001) ?
                (($perms & 0x0200) ? 't' : 'x' ) :
                (($perms & 0x0200) ? 'T' : '-'));

    echo $info;
    ?>

The above example will output:

    -rw-r--r--

### Notes

> Note: The results of this function are cached. See clearstatcache() for more details.

Tip

As of PHP 5.0.0, this function can also be used with some URL wrappers. Refer to Supported Protocols and Wrappers to determine which wrappers support stat() family of functionality.

### See Also

- chmod() - Changes file mode
- is_readable() - Tells whether a file exists and is readable
- stat() - Gives information about a file