# pandas.eval

`pandas.``eval`(expr, parser='pandas', engine=None, truediv=True, local_dict=None, global_dict=None, resolvers=(), level=0, target=None, inplace=False)

  Evaluate a Python expression as a string using various backends.

  The following arithmetic operations are supported: `+`, `-`, `*`, `/`, `**`, `%`, `//` (python engine only) along with the following boolean operations: `|` (or), `&` (and), and `~` (not). Additionally, the `'pandas'` parser allows the use of `and`, `or`, and `not` with the same semantics as the corresponding bitwise operators. `Series` and `DataFrame` objects are supported and behave as they would with plain ol’ Python evaluation.

  Parameters:

  expr : str or unicode

  > The expression to evaluate. This string cannot contain any Python statements, only Python expressions.

  parser : string, default ‘pandas’, {‘pandas’, ‘python’}

  > The parser to use to construct the syntax tree from the expression. The default of `'pandas'` parses code slightly different than standard Python. Alternatively, you can parse an expression using the `'python'` parser to retain strict Python semantics. See the enhancing performance documentation for more details.

  engine : string or None, default ‘numexpr’, {‘python’, ‘numexpr’}

  > The engine used to evaluate the expression. Supported engines are

  > - None : tries to use `numexpr`, falls back to `python`
  > - `'numexpr'`: This default engine evaluates pandas objects using
  >     numexpr for large speed ups in complex expressions with large frames.
  > - `'python'`: Performs operations as if you had `eval`’d in top
  >     level python. This engine is generally not that useful.

  > More backends may be available in the future.

  truediv : bool, optional

  > Whether to use true division, like in Python >= 3

  local_dict : dict or None, optional

  > A dictionary of local variables, taken from locals() by default.

  global_dict : dict or None, optional

  > A dictionary of global variables, taken from globals() by default.

  resolvers : list of dict-like or None, optional

  > A list of objects implementing the `__getitem__` special method that you can use to inject an additional collection of namespaces to use for variable lookup. For example, this is used in the `query()` method to inject the `DataFrame.index` and `DataFrame.columns` variables that refer to their respective `DataFrame` instance attributes.

  level : int, optional

  > The number of prior stack frames to traverse and add to the current scope. Most users will not need to change this parameter.

  target : object, optional, default None

  > This is the target object for assignment. It is used when there is variable assignment in the expression. If so, then target must support item assignment with string keys, and if a copy is being returned, it must also support .copy().

  inplace : bool, default False

  > If target is provided, and the expression mutates target, whether to modify target inplace. Otherwise, return a copy of target with the mutation.

  Returns: | ndarray, numeric scalar, DataFrame, Series

  Raises:

  ValueError

  > There are many instances where such an error can be raised:

  > - target=None, but the expression is multiline.

  > - The expression is multiline, but not all them have item assignment. An example of such an arrangement is this:

  >   a = b + 1 a + 2

  >   Here, there are expressions on different lines, making it multiline, but the last line has no variable assigned to the output of a + 2.

  > - inplace=True, but the expression is missing item assignment.

  > - Item assignment is provided, but the target does not support string item assignment.

  > - Item assignment is provided and inplace=False, but the target does not support the .copy() method

  See also

  `DataFrame.query`, `DataFrame.eval`

  Notes

  The `dtype` of any objects involved in an arithmetic `%` operation are recursively cast to `float64`.

  See the enhancing performance documentation for more details.

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