### 8.7 Scoping ¶

Each time an opening brace is put into the file, a new scope begins. Scopes behave similar as in programming languages, meaning that any color name, style or procedure definition take their effect only within the scope, up to the closing brace. Thus if you redefine a style just after an opening brace, the style returns to its original definition after the closing brace. (See Defining Styles.)

In signalling charts scoping also applies to the `numbering` (including pre, post, format and append), `compress`, `vspacing`, `indicator`, `angle` and `text.*` chart options. Any changes to these take effect only until the next closing brace. Scoping explicitly does not apply to `background.*` and `comment.*` options. Those take effect until the next such option or all the way to the bottom of the chart. The option `hscale` is global, the last value you set will be used, irrespective of scope.

Similar, with block diagrams scoping applies to all chart options, except `background`.

You can nest scopes arbitrarily deep and can also manually open a new scope, such as below. This practically has no effect in any of the languages other than limiting the effect of an attribute or color/style definition.

    ...numbering is off here...
    {
        #number only in this scope
        numbering=yes;
        ...various elements with numbers...
    };
    ...other elements with no numbers...

For graphs, this opens an unnamed subgraph - but that has no effect on layout. For block diagrams there is actually no effect. For signalling charts the layout will be the same as in case when they are not enclosed in braces (including the handling of `compress`, `vspacing`, `keep_with_next` and `keep_together` attributes and the use of `parallel` and `overlap` keywords). This is true only if you do not change the `layout` attribute of the block, but use the default, see Parallel Blocks. Thus if you mark an element between the braces with `parallel` elements after the closing brace can be laid out besides it. Marking the entire block with `overlap` or `parallel` will make elements after the block to be laid over or besides the entrie block, respectively. See Parallel Keyword.