# Manual del terminal de MATE

2015-2021
Projecte de documentació de MATE
2009
2010
Paul Cutler
2008
Christian Persch
2002
2003
2004
Sun Microsystems
2000
Miguel de Icaza
2000
Michael Zucchi
2000
Alexander Kirillov
Projecte de documentació de MATE
MATE Documentation Team
MATE DESKTOP
Sun
GNOME Documentation Team
Sun Microsystems
Miguel
de Icaza
GNOME Documentation Project
Michael
Zucchi
GNOME Documentation Project
Alexander
Kirillov
GNOME Documentation Project
Projecte de documentació de GNOME
2.9
January 2010

Paul Cutler pcutler@gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

2.8
March 2009

Paul Cutler

GNOME Documentation Project

2.7
November 2003

Sun GNOME Documentation Team

GNOME Documentation Project

2.6
September 2003

Sun GNOME Documentation Team

GNOME Documentation Project

2.5
May 2003

Sun GNOME Documentation Team

GNOME Documentation Project

2.4
January 2003

Sun GNOME Documentation Team

GNOME Documentation Project

2.3
August 2002

Sun GNOME Documentation Team

GNOME Documentation Project

2.2
August 2002

Sun GNOME Documentation Team

GNOME Documentation Project

2.1
August 2002

Sun GNOME Documentation Team

GNOME Documentation Project

2.0
April 2002

Sun GNOME Documentation Team

GNOME Documentation Project

1.0
May 2000

Miguel de Icaza, Michael Zucchi, Alexander Kirollov docs@gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

This manual describes version 1.22 of MATE Terminal.
Aniol Gervasi
tradueix@gmail.com
2009
Aniol Gervasi
Robert Antoni Buj Gelonch
rbuj@fedoraproject.org
2018
2019
2020
2021
Robert Antoni Buj Gelonch

## Introducció

El terminal de MATE és una aplicació d'emulació de terminal que podeu utilitzar per realitzar les tasques següents:

Accedir a un shell d'UNIX en l'entorn de MATE

  Un shell és un programa que interpreta i executa les ordres que teclegeu en un indicador de la línia d'ordres. Quan inicieu el terminal de MATE, l'aplicació inicia el shell predeterminat que està especificat al vostre compte del sistema. Podeu canviar a un shell diferent en qualsevol moment.

Executar qualsevol aplicació que estigui dissenyada per executar-se als terminals VT102, VT220 i xterm

  El terminal de MATE emula l'aplicació xterm desenvolupada pel X Consortium. Al seu torn, l'aplicació xterm emula el terminal DEC VT102 i també admet les seqüències d'escapament DEC VT220. Una seqüència d'escapament és una sèrie de caràcters que comença amb el caràcter Esc. El terminal de MATE accepta totes les seqüències d'escapament que utilitzen els terminals VT102 i VT220 per a les funcions com ara situar el cursor i netejar la pantalla.

## Primers passos

Es les seccions següents es descriu com iniciar el terminal de MATE.

### Iniciar el terminal de MATE

Podeu iniciar el terminal de MATE de les maneres següents:

Menú Aplicacions

  Trieu Accessoris Terminal.

Línia d'ordres

  Executeu l'ordre següent: `mate-terminal`

  Podeu utilitzar les opcions de la línia d'ordres per modificar la manera en què executeu el terminal de MATE. Per veure les opcions de la línia d'ordres, executeu l'ordre següent: `mate-terminal --help`

### Quan inicieu el terminal de MATE per primera vegada

Quant inicieu el terminal de MATE per primera vegada, l'aplicació obre una finestra de terminal amb un grup d'ajusts predeterminats. El grup d'ajusts predeterminats s'anomena el perfil «Default».

#### Exemple de la finestra d'un terminal predeterminat de MATE

Finestra predeterminada del terminal de MATE

Finestra predeterminada del terminal de MATE

La finestra del terminal mostra un indicador d'ordres on podeu teclejar ordres d'UNIX. L'indicador d'ordres pot ser un %, #, >, $, o qualsevol altre caràcter especial. El cursor es posiciona a l'indicador d'ordres. Quan teclegeu una ordre d'UNIX i premeu Retorn, l'ordinador executa l'ordre. Per defecte, el terminal de MATE utilitza el shell predeterminat especificat per a l'usuari que inicia l'aplicació.

El terminal de MATE també estableix les següents variables d'entorn:

`TERM`

  Per defecte està establerta a `xterm-256color`.

`WINDOWID`

  Per defecte està establerta a l'identificador de la finestra d'X11.

### Perfils de terminal

Podeu crear un perfil nou i aplicar-lo al terminal per modificar característiques com ara la lletra, els colors i els efectes, el comportament del desplaçament, el títol de la finestra i la compatibilitat. També podeu especificar al perfil que s'executi automàticament una ordre quan s'inicia el terminal de MATE.

Podeu definir cada perfil de terminal al diàleg Perfils, al qual s'accedeix des del menú Edita. Podeu definir tants perfils diferents com necessiteu. Quan inicieu un terminal, podeu triar el perfil que voleu utilitzar per al terminal. Com a alternativa, podeu canviar el perfil del terminal mentre utilitzeu el terminal. Per especificar un perfil inicial per a un terminal quan inicieu l'aplicació des d'una línia d'ordres, utilitzeu l'ordre següent:

`mate-terminal --window-with-profile=nom-perfil`

El nom del perfil actual apareix a la barra del títol del terminal de MATE, a menys que especifiqueu un nom diferent per a la barra del títol al diàleg Edició del perfil.

Consulteu per obtenir més informació sobre com definir i utilitzar un nou perfil de terminal.

### Treballar amb diversos terminals

El terminal de MATE proporciona una funció de pestanya que us permet obrir diversos terminals en una única finestra. Cada terminal s'obre en una pestanya separada. Feu clic a la pestanya corresponent per mostrar el terminal a la finestra. Cadascun dels terminals en pestanyes de la finestra és un subprocés separat, de manera que podeu utilitzar cadascun dels terminals per a diferents tasques. Podeu aplicar un perfil diferent a cada terminal en pestanyes a la finestra.

La barra del títol de la finestra del terminal mostra el nom del perfil actual o el nom especificat pel perfil actual. L' mostra la finestra del terminal de MATE amb quatre pestanyes. En aquest cas, cadascuna de les quatre pestanyes té un perfil diferent. El nom del perfil, Perfil 1, apareix a la pestanya activa en la barra del títol.

#### Exemple d'una finestra de terminal amb pestanyes

Finestra predeterminada del terminal de MATE

Finestra del terminal de MATE amb quatre pestanyes

Consulteu per obtenir més informació sobre com obrir un nou terminal en una pestanya.

## Utilització

### Obrir i tancar terminals

Per obrir una nova finestra de terminal:

  Trieu Fitxer Obre un terminal.

  El terminal nou hereta els ajusts de l'aplicació i el shell predeterminat del terminal pare.

Per tancar una finestra de terminal:

  Trieu Fitxer Tanca la finestra.

  This action closes the terminal and any subprocesses that you opened from the terminal. If you close the last terminal window, the MATE Terminal application exits.

To add a new tabbed terminal to a window:

  Choose File Open Tab Default or just File Open Tab if there is no submenu.

To display a tabbed terminal:

  Click on the tab of the tabbed terminal that you want to display, or select a tab title from the Tabs menu.

  Alternatively, choose Tabs Next Tab or Tabs Previous Tab to navigate between tabs.

To close a tabbed terminal:

  1. Display the tabbed terminal that you want to close.

  2. Trieu Fitxer Tanca la pestanya.

### Gestionar els perfils

Per afegir un perfil nou:

  1. Choose File New Profile to display the New Profile dialog.

  2. Type the new profile name in the Profile name text box.

  3. Use the Base on drop-down list to select the profile on which you want to base the new profile.

  4. Click Create to display the Editing Profile dialog.

  5. Click Close. MATE Terminal adds the profile to the Terminal Change Profile submenu.

To change the profile of a tabbed terminal:

  1. Click on the tab of the tabbed terminal for which you want to change the profile.

  2. Choose Terminal Change Profile profilename.

Per editar un perfil:

  You edit profiles in the Editing Profile dialog. You can access the Editing Profile dialog in the following ways:

  - Choose Edit Current Profile.

  - Right-click in the terminal window, then choose Profiles Profile Preferences from the popup menu.

  - Choose Edit Profiles, select the profile you want to edit, then click Edit. For information on the options you can set for profiles, see .

Per suprimir un perfil:

  1. Trieu Edita Perfils.

  2. Select the name of the profile that you want to delete in the Profiles list, then click Delete. The Delete Profile dialog is displayed.

  3. Click Delete to confirm the deletion.

  4. Click Close to close the Edit Profiles dialog.

### Modificar una finestra de terminal

Per ocultar la barra de menús:

  Choose View Show Menubar.

Per mostra una barra de menús oculta:

  Right-click on the terminal window, then choose Show Menubar from the popup menu.

To display the MATE Terminal window in full-screen mode:

  Choose View Full Screen. Full-screen mode displays the text in a window that fills the full screen. The window does not contain a window frame or titlebar. To exit from this mode, choose View Full Screen again.

To change the appearance of the terminal window:

  See for information about the options that you can choose in the Editing Profile dialog to change the appearance of the terminal window. For example, you can change the background color, or the location of the scrollbar.

### Treballar amb el contingut de la finestra del terminal

To scroll through previous commands and output:

  Realitzeu una de les accions següents:

  - Use the scrollbar, which is usually displayed on the right of the terminal window.

  - Press the Shift Page Up, Shift Page Down, Shift Home, or Shift End keys.

  The number of lines that you can scroll back to in the terminal window is determined by the Scrollback setting in the Scrolling tabbed section of the Editing Profile dialog. You can also scroll up or down one line at a time by pressing Control Shift Up or Control Shift Down.

Per seleccionar i copiar text:

  Podeu seleccionar el text de qualsevol de les maneres següents:

  - To select a character at a time, click on the first character that you want to select and drag the mouse to the last character that you want to select.

  - To select a word at a time, double-click on the first word that you want to select and drag the mouse to the last word that you want to select. Symbols are selected individually.

  - To select a line at a time, triple-click on the first line that you want to select and drag the mouse to the last line that you want to select.

  These actions select all text between the first and last items. For all text selections, MATE Terminal copies the selected text into the clipboard when you release the mouse button. To explicitly copy the selected text, choose Edit Copy.

Per enganxar el text a un terminal:

  If you previously copied text to the clipboard, you can paste the text into a terminal by performing one of the following actions:

  - Per enganxar només el text que heu copiat amb només la selecció, cliqueu amb el botó central a l'indicador d'ordres. Si no teniu un botó central al ratolí, consulteu la documentació del servidor de les X per obtenir més informació sobre com emular el botó central del ratolí.

  - To paste text that you explicitly copied, choose Edit Paste.

To drag a file name into a terminal window:

  You can drag a file name to a terminal from another application such as a file manager. The terminal displays the path and the full name of the file.

Per accedir a un enllaç:

  To access a Uniform Resource Locator (URL) that is displayed in a terminal, perform the following steps:

  1. Move the mouse over the URL until the URL is underlined.

  2. Right-click on the URL to open a popup menu.

  3. Choose Open Link to start a link application and display the file located at the URL.

### Viewing the Keyboard Shortcut Settings

To view the keyboard shortcut settings that are defined for MATE Terminal, choose Edit Keyboard Shortcuts. The Keyboard Shortcuts dialog contains the following items:

Disable all menu access keys (such as Alt+f to open File menu)

  Deselect this option to disable the access keys that are defined to enable you to use the keyboard instead of the mouse to select a menu item. Each access key is identified by an underlined letter on a menu or dialog option. In some cases, you must press the Alt key in combination with the access key to perform the action.

Disable menu shortcut key (F10 by default)

  Deselect this option to disable the shortcut key that is defined to enable you to access the MATE Terminal menus. The default shortcut key to access the menus is F10.

Shortcut Keys

  The Shortcut Keys section of the dialog lists the shortcut keys that are defined for each menu item.

  Not all keys can be used as shortcut keys, such as Tab.

### Mida del text

You can use the following methods to resize the text in the MATE Terminal window:

- To increase the size of the text, choose View Zoom In.

- To decrease the size of the text, choose View Zoom Out.

- To view the text at actual size, choose View Normal Size.

### Com canviar el títol del terminal

To change the title of the currently displayed terminal, perform the following steps:

1. Choose Terminal Set Title.

2. Type the new title in the Title text box. MATE Terminal applies the change immediately.

3. Click Close to close the Set Title dialog.

### Com canviar la codificació dels caràcters

To change the character encoding, choose Terminal Set Character Encoding, then select the appropriate encoding.

#### Com canviar la llista de les codificacions dels caràcters

To change the list of character encodings displayed in the Set Character Encoding menu, perform the following steps:

1. Choose Terminal Set Character Encoding Add or Remove.

2. To add an encoding to the Set Character Encoding menu, select the encoding in the Available encodings list box, then click the right arrow button.

3. To remove an encoding from the Set Character Encoding menu, select the encoding in the Encodings shown in menu list box, then click the left arrow button.

4. Click Close to close the Add or Remove Terminal Encodings dialog.

### Com recuperar el vostre terminal

This section provides some advice if you have problems with terminals.

To reset the state of the terminal:

  Choose Terminal Reset.

To reset the terminal and clear the screen:

  Choose Terminal Reset and Clear.

## Preferències

To configure MATE Terminal, choose Edit Current Profile. To configure another profile that you set up choose Edit Profiles, select the profile you want to edit, then click Edit.

The Editing Profile dialog contains the following tabbed sections that you can use to configure MATE Terminal:

### General

Profile name

  Use this text box to specify the name of the current profile.

Use the system fixed width font

  Select this option to use the standard fixed width font that is specified in the Font tab of the Appearance preference tool.

Lletra

  Click on this button to select a font type and font size for the terminal. This button is only enabled if the Use the system terminal font option is unselected.

Allow bold text

  Select this option to enable the terminal to display bold text.

Show menubar by default in new terminals

  Select this option to show the menubar on new terminal windows.

Terminal bell

  Select this option to enable the terminal bell.

Select-by-word characters

  Use this text box to specify characters or groups of characters that MATE Terminal considers to be words when you select text by word. See for more information about how to select text by word.

### Títol i ordre

Títol inicial

  Use this text box to specify the initial title of terminals that use the profile. New terminals that are started from the current terminal have the new initial title.

When terminal commands set their own titles

  Use this drop-down list to specify how to handle dynamically-set titles, that is, terminal titles set by commands that run in the terminal.

Run command as a login shell

  Select this option to force the command that currently runs inside the terminal to run as a login shell. If the command is not a shell, the setting has no effect.

Update login records when command is launched

  Select this option to insert a new entry in the login records when a new shell is opened.

Run a custom command instead of my shell

  Select this option to run a specified command, other than the normal shell, in the terminal. Specify the custom command in the Custom command text box.

When command exits

  Use this drop-down list to specify what action to perform when the command exits.

### Colors

Foreground and Background

  Select the Use colours from system theme option to use the colors that are specified in the MATE Desktop theme that is selected in the Theme tab of the Appearance preference tool.

  Use the Built-in schemes drop-down list to specify the foreground and background colors for the terminal. MATE Terminal supports the following foreground and background color combinations:

  - Black on light yellow

  - Black on white

  - Gray on black

  - Green on black

  - White on black

  - Personalitzada

    This option enables you to select colors that are not in the selected color scheme.

  The actual display of the foreground and background colors can vary depending on the color scheme that you choose. For example, if you choose White on black and the Linux console color scheme, the application displays the foreground and background colors as light gray on black. The Built-in schemes drop-down list is only enabled if the Use colours from system theme option is unselected.

  Click on the Text colour button to display the Choose terminal text colour dialog. Use the color wheel or the spin boxes to customize the color that you want to use as the text color, then click OK. The Text colour button is only enabled if the Use colours from system theme option is unselected.

  Click on the Background colour button to display the Choose terminal background colour dialog. Use the color wheel or the spin boxes to customize the color that you want to use as the background color, then click OK. The Background colour button is only enabled if the Use colours from system theme option is unselected.

Paleta

  The terminal emulation can only use 16 colors at a time to draw text. The color palette specifies these 16 colors. Applications that run in the terminal use an index number to specify a color from this palette.

  Use the Built-in schemes drop-down list to choose a preset color schemes. The color palette below and the contents of the terminal window both update to show the scheme.

  Use the Colour palette to customize the 16 default colors in the custom color palette. To customize a color, click on the color to display the Palette entry dialog. Use the color wheel or the spin boxes to customize the color, then click OK.

### Efectes

Fons

  Select a background for the terminal window. The options are as follows:

  - Solid color

    Select this option to use the background color that is specified in the Colors tabbed section as the background color for the terminal.

  - Background image

    Select this option to use an image file as the background for the terminal. Use the Image file drop-down combination box to specify the location and name of the image file. Alternatively, click Browse to search for and select the image file.

    Select the Background image scrolls option to enable the background image to scroll with the text when you scroll through the terminal. If you do not select this option, the background image remains fixed on the terminal background and only the text scrolls. This option is only enabled if you select the Background image option.

  - Transparent background

    Select this option to use a transparent background for the terminal.

Shade transparent or image background

  Use this slider to shade or dim the background of the terminal. This option is only enabled if you select the Background image or Transparent background options.

### Desplaçament

Scrollbar is

  Use this drop-down list to specify the position of the scrollbar on the terminal window.

Scrollback ... lines

  Use this spin box to specify the number of lines that you can scroll back using the scrollbar. For example, if you specify 100 you can scroll back the last 100 lines displayed in the terminal.

Scroll on output

  Select this option to enable you to scroll the output on the terminal while the terminal continues to display more output from a command.

Scroll on keystroke

  Seleccioneu aquesta opció per poder prémer qualsevol tecla del teclat per desplaçar-vos per la finestra del terminal a l'indicador d'ordres. Aquesta acció només s'aplica si heu desplaçat la finestra del terminal i voleu tornar a l'indicador d'ordres.

### Compatibilitat

Backspace key generates

  Use the drop-down list to select the function that you want the Backspace key to perform.

Delete key generates

  Use the drop-down list to select the function that you want the Delete key to perform.

Reset compatibility options to defaults

  Click on this button to reset the options on the Compatibility tabbed section to the default settings.