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# Intersection Theory Section 5.4.1-2 -- Chern class computations on projective space

Subsection 5.4.1 - Universal bundles on projective space

We have two different methods in Schubert2 for producing projective spaces. We have already seen one method: build $\mathbb{P}^n$ as a Grassmannian:

    i1 : P3 = flagBundle({1,3})

    o1 = P3

    o1 : a flag bundle with subquotient ranks {1, 3}

    i2 : (S,Q) = P3.Bundles

    o2 = (S, Q)

    o2 : Sequence

In this setting, the bundle $O(1)$ is the dual of the universal subbundle $S$.

    i3 : O1 = dual(S)

    o3 = O1

    o3 : an abstract sheaf of rank 1 on P3

    i4 : chern O1

    o4 = 1 + H
              2,1

                              QQ[][H   , H   ..H   ]
                                    1,1   2,1   2,3
    o4 : ----------------------------------------------------------------
         (- H    - H   , - H   H    - H   , - H   H    - H   , -H   H   )
             1,1    2,1     1,1 2,1    2,2     1,1 2,2    2,3    1,1 2,3

Now, Schubert2 also comes with a built-in function abstractProjectiveSpace for making projective spaces. Using {/tt abstractProjectiveSpace} to build $\mathbb{P}^n$ is nice, because the resulting Chow ring is presented as a truncated polynomial ring in one variable, rather than as a ring with $n+1$ generators. But, be careful: this built-in actually produces the projective space of 1-quotients. For example:

    i5 : P3' = abstractProjectiveSpace 3

    o5 = P3'

    o5 : a flag bundle with subquotient ranks {1, 3}

    i6 : (S',Q') = P3'.Bundles

    o6 = (S', Q')

    o6 : Sequence

    i7 : chern S'

    o7 = 1 - H
              2,1

                           QQ[][h, H   ..H   ]
                                    2,1   2,3
    o7 : -------------------------------------------------------
         (- h - H   , - h*H    - H   , - h*H    - H   , -h*H   )
                 2,1       2,1    2,2       2,2    2,3      2,3

    i8 : chern Q' -- Q' is O(1) on P3'

    o8 = 1 + H    + H    + H
              2,1    2,2    2,3

                           QQ[][h, H   ..H   ]
                                    2,1   2,3
    o8 : -------------------------------------------------------
         (- h - H   , - h*H    - H   , - h*H    - H   , -h*H   )
                 2,1       2,1    2,2       2,2    2,3      2,3

For the rest of this section, we will use the flagBundle method to produce $\mathbb{P}^n$, in order to be consistent with the choices in the book.

Subsection 5.4.2

The tangent bundle to projective space comes built-in in Schubert2. It can be accessed via the tangentBundle method:

    i9 : T = tangentBundle(P3)

    o9 = T

    o9 : an abstract sheaf of rank 3 on P3

    i10 : chern T

    o10 = 1 + 4H    + 6H    + 4H
                2,1     2,2     2,3

                               QQ[][H   , H   ..H   ]
                                     1,1   2,1   2,3
    o10 : ----------------------------------------------------------------
          (- H    - H   , - H   H    - H   , - H   H    - H   , -H   H   )
              1,1    2,1     1,1 2,1    2,2     1,1 2,2    2,3    1,1 2,3

We can also produce the tangent bundle to $\mathbb{P}^n$ ourselves by using the Euler exact sequence:

    i11 : TP3 = (4 * O1) - 1

    o11 = T

    o11 : an abstract sheaf of rank 3 on P3

    i12 : chern T == chern TP3

    o12 = true

    i13 : rank T == rank TP3

    o13 = true

Note how Schubert2 treats integers in a bundle computation as copies of a trivial bundle. See AbstractSheaf * AbstractSheaf and AbstractSheaf - AbstractSheaf, for example, for more information.

The source of this document is in /build/macaulay2-88fgJW/macaulay2-1.25.11+ds/M2/Macaulay2/packages/Book3264Examples.m2:627:0.