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sf::Sound Class Reference
Audio module

Regular sound that can be played in the audio environment. More...

`#include <SFML/Audio/Sound.hpp>`

Inheritance diagram for sf::Sound:

## Public Types

enum class | Status { Stopped , Paused , Playing }
| Enumeration of the sound source states. More...
using | EffectProcessor
| Callable that is provided with sound data for processing.

## Public Member Functions

| Sound (const SoundBuffer &buffer)
| Construct the sound with a buffer.
| Sound (const SoundBuffer &&buffer)=delete
| Disallow construction from a temporary sound buffer.
| Sound (const Sound &copy)
| Copy constructor.
| ~Sound () override
| Destructor.
void | play () override
| Start or resume playing the sound.
void | pause () override
| Pause the sound.
void | stop () override
| stop playing the sound
void | setBuffer (const SoundBuffer &buffer)
| Set the source buffer containing the audio data to play.
void | setBuffer (const SoundBuffer &&buffer)=delete
| Disallow setting from a temporary sound buffer.
void | setLooping (bool loop)
| Set whether or not the sound should loop after reaching the end.
void | setPlayingOffset (Time timeOffset)
| Change the current playing position of the sound.
void | setEffectProcessor (EffectProcessor effectProcessor) override
| Set the effect processor to be applied to the sound.
const SoundBuffer & | getBuffer () const
| Get the audio buffer attached to the sound.
bool | isLooping () const
| Tell whether or not the sound is in loop mode.
Time | getPlayingOffset () const
| Get the current playing position of the sound.
Status | getStatus () const override
| Get the current status of the sound (stopped, paused, playing).
Sound & | operator= (const Sound &right)
| Overload of assignment operator.
void | setPitch (float pitch)
| Set the pitch of the sound.
void | setPan (float pan)
| Set the pan of the sound.
void | setVolume (float volume)
| Set the volume of the sound.
void | setSpatializationEnabled (bool enabled)
| Set whether spatialization of the sound is enabled.
void | setPosition (const Vector3f &position)
| Set the 3D position of the sound in the audio scene.
void | setDirection (const Vector3f &direction)
| Set the 3D direction of the sound in the audio scene.
void | setCone (const Cone &cone)
| Set the cone properties of the sound in the audio scene.
void | setVelocity (const Vector3f &velocity)
| Set the 3D velocity of the sound in the audio scene.
void | setDopplerFactor (float factor)
| Set the doppler factor of the sound.
void | setDirectionalAttenuationFactor (float factor)
| Set the directional attenuation factor of the sound.
void | setRelativeToListener (bool relative)
| Make the sound's position relative to the listener or absolute.
void | setMinDistance (float distance)
| Set the minimum distance of the sound.
void | setMaxDistance (float distance)
| Set the maximum distance of the sound.
void | setMinGain (float gain)
| Set the minimum gain of the sound.
void | setMaxGain (float gain)
| Set the maximum gain of the sound.
void | setAttenuation (float attenuation)
| Set the attenuation factor of the sound.
float | getPitch () const
| Get the pitch of the sound.
float | getPan () const
| Get the pan of the sound.
float | getVolume () const
| Get the volume of the sound.
bool | isSpatializationEnabled () const
| Tell whether spatialization of the sound is enabled.
Vector3f | getPosition () const
| Get the 3D position of the sound in the audio scene.
Vector3f | getDirection () const
| Get the 3D direction of the sound in the audio scene.
Cone | getCone () const
| Get the cone properties of the sound in the audio scene.
Vector3f | getVelocity () const
| Get the 3D velocity of the sound in the audio scene.
float | getDopplerFactor () const
| Get the doppler factor of the sound.
float | getDirectionalAttenuationFactor () const
| Get the directional attenuation factor of the sound.
bool | isRelativeToListener () const
| Tell whether the sound's position is relative to the listener or is absolute.
float | getMinDistance () const
| Get the minimum distance of the sound.
float | getMaxDistance () const
| Get the maximum distance of the sound.
float | getMinGain () const
| Get the minimum gain of the sound.
float | getMaxGain () const
| Get the maximum gain of the sound.
float | getAttenuation () const
| Get the attenuation factor of the sound.

## Friends

class | SoundBuffer

## Detailed Description

Regular sound that can be played in the audio environment.

sf::Sound is the class to use to play sounds.

It provides:

- Control (play, pause, stop)
- Ability to modify output parameters in real-time (pitch, volume, ...)
- 3D spatial features (position, attenuation, ...).

sf::Sound is perfect for playing short sounds that can fit in memory and require no latency, like foot steps or gun shots. For longer sounds, like background musics or long speeches, rather see sf::Music (which is based on streaming).

In order to work, a sound must be given a buffer of audio data to play. Audio data (samples) is stored in sf::SoundBuffer, and attached to a sound when it is created or with the setBuffer() function. The buffer object attached to a sound must remain alive as long as the sound uses it. Note that multiple sounds can use the same sound buffer at the same time.

Usage example:

const sf::SoundBuffer buffer("sound.wav");
sf::Sound sound(buffer);
sound.play();
sf::SoundBuffer
Storage for audio samples defining a sound.
Definition SoundBuffer.hpp:55
sf::Sound
Regular sound that can be played in the audio environment.
Definition Sound.hpp:48

See also
  sf::SoundBuffer, sf::Music

Definition at line 47 of file Sound.hpp.

## Member Typedef Documentation

## ◆ EffectProcessor

using sf::SoundSource::EffectProcessor

inherited

Initial value:
std::function<
void(const float* inputFrames, unsigned int& inputFrameCount, float* outputFrames, unsigned int& outputFrameCount, unsigned int frameChannelCount)>

Callable that is provided with sound data for processing.

When the audio engine sources sound data from sound sources it will pass the data through an effects processor if one is set. The sound data will already be converted to the internal floating point format and have the same sample rate as the audio device and engine. The device sample rate can differ from the sample rate of the source data so keep this in mind when setting up processing that is dependent on the sample rate. The sample rate of the current playback device can be retrieved using sf::PlaybackDevice::getDeviceSampleRate().

Sound data that is processed this way is provided in frames. Each frame contains 1 floating point sample per channel. If e.g. the data source provides stereo data, each frame will contain 2 floats.

The effects processor function takes 4 parameters:

- The input data frames, channels interleaved
- The number of input data frames available
- The buffer to write output data frames to, channels interleaved
- The number of output data frames that the output buffer can hold
- The channel count

The input and output frame counts are in/out parameters.

When this function is called, the input count will contain the number of frames available in the input buffer. The output count will contain the size of the output buffer i.e. the maximum number of frames that can be written to the output buffer.

Attempting to read more frames than the input frame count or write more frames than the output frame count will result in undefined behaviour.

It is important to note that the channel count of the audio engine currently sourcing data from this sound will always be provided in frameChannelCount. This can be different from the channel count of the sound source so make sure to size necessary processing buffers according to the engine channel count and not the sound source channel count.

When done processing the frames, the input and output frame counts must be updated to reflect the actual number of frames that were read from the input and written to the output.

The processing function should always try to process as much sound data as possible i.e. always try to fill the output buffer to the maximum. In certain situations for specific effects it can be possible that the input frame count and output frame count aren't equal. As long as the frame counts are updated accordingly this is perfectly valid.

If the audio engine determines that no audio data is available from the data source, the input data frames pointer is set to nullptr and the input frame count is set to 0. In this case it is up to the function to decide how to handle the situation. For specific effects e.g. Echo/Delay buffered data might still be able to be written to the output buffer even if there is no longer any input data.

An important thing to remember is that this function is directly called by the audio engine. Because the audio engine runs on an internal thread of its own, make sure access to shared data is synchronized appropriately.

Because this function is stored by the SoundSource object it will be able to be called as long as the SoundSource object hasn't yet been destroyed. Make sure that any data this function references outlives the SoundSource object otherwise use-after-free errors will occur.

Definition at line 160 of file SoundSource.hpp.

## Member Enumeration Documentation

## ◆ Status

enum class sf::SoundSource::Status

strong inherited

Enumeration of the sound source states.

Enumerator
Stopped | Sound is not playing.
Paused | Sound is paused.
Playing | Sound is playing.

Definition at line 54 of file SoundSource.hpp.

## Constructor & Destructor Documentation

## ◆ Sound() [1/3]

sf::Sound::Sound | ( | const SoundBuffer & | buffer | ) |

explicit

Construct the sound with a buffer.

Parameters

  buffer | Sound buffer containing the audio data to play with the sound

## ◆ Sound() [2/3]

sf::Sound::Sound | ( | const SoundBuffer && | buffer | ) |

delete

Disallow construction from a temporary sound buffer.

## ◆ Sound() [3/3]

sf::Sound::Sound | ( | const Sound & | copy | ) |

Copy constructor.

Parameters

  copy | Instance to copy

## ◆ ~Sound()

sf::Sound::~Sound | ( |  | ) |

override

Destructor.

## Member Function Documentation

## ◆ getAttenuation()

float sf::SoundSource::getAttenuation | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Get the attenuation factor of the sound.

Returns
  Attenuation factor of the sound

See also
  setAttenuation, getMinDistance

## ◆ getBuffer()

const SoundBuffer & sf::Sound::getBuffer | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard

Get the audio buffer attached to the sound.

Returns
  Sound buffer attached to the sound

## ◆ getCone()

Cone sf::SoundSource::getCone | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Get the cone properties of the sound in the audio scene.

Returns
  Cone properties of the sound

See also
  setCone

## ◆ getDirection()

Vector3f sf::SoundSource::getDirection | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Get the 3D direction of the sound in the audio scene.

Returns
  Direction of the sound

See also
  setDirection

## ◆ getDirectionalAttenuationFactor()

float sf::SoundSource::getDirectionalAttenuationFactor | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Get the directional attenuation factor of the sound.

Returns
  Directional attenuation factor of the sound

See also
  setDirectionalAttenuationFactor

## ◆ getDopplerFactor()

float sf::SoundSource::getDopplerFactor | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Get the doppler factor of the sound.

Returns
  Doppler factor of the sound

See also
  setDopplerFactor

## ◆ getMaxDistance()

float sf::SoundSource::getMaxDistance | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Get the maximum distance of the sound.

Returns
  Maximum distance of the sound

See also
  setMaxDistance, getAttenuation

## ◆ getMaxGain()

float sf::SoundSource::getMaxGain | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Get the maximum gain of the sound.

Returns
  Maximum gain of the sound

See also
  setMaxGain, getAttenuation

## ◆ getMinDistance()

float sf::SoundSource::getMinDistance | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Get the minimum distance of the sound.

Returns
  Minimum distance of the sound

See also
  setMinDistance, getAttenuation

## ◆ getMinGain()

float sf::SoundSource::getMinGain | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Get the minimum gain of the sound.

Returns
  Minimum gain of the sound

See also
  setMinGain, getAttenuation

## ◆ getPan()

float sf::SoundSource::getPan | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Get the pan of the sound.

Returns
  Pan of the sound

See also
  setPan

## ◆ getPitch()

float sf::SoundSource::getPitch | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Get the pitch of the sound.

Returns
  Pitch of the sound

See also
  setPitch

## ◆ getPlayingOffset()

Time sf::Sound::getPlayingOffset | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard

Get the current playing position of the sound.

Returns
  Current playing position, from the beginning of the sound

See also
  setPlayingOffset

## ◆ getPosition()

Vector3f sf::SoundSource::getPosition | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Get the 3D position of the sound in the audio scene.

Returns
  Position of the sound

See also
  setPosition

## ◆ getStatus()

Status sf::Sound::getStatus | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard override virtual

Get the current status of the sound (stopped, paused, playing).

Returns
  Current status of the sound

Implements sf::SoundSource.

## ◆ getVelocity()

Vector3f sf::SoundSource::getVelocity | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Get the 3D velocity of the sound in the audio scene.

Returns
  Velocity of the sound

See also
  setVelocity

## ◆ getVolume()

float sf::SoundSource::getVolume | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Get the volume of the sound.

Returns
  Volume of the sound, in the range [0, 100]

See also
  setVolume

## ◆ isLooping()

bool sf::Sound::isLooping | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard

Tell whether or not the sound is in loop mode.

Returns
  true if the sound is looping, false otherwise

See also
  setLooping

## ◆ isRelativeToListener()

bool sf::SoundSource::isRelativeToListener | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Tell whether the sound's position is relative to the listener or is absolute.

Returns
  true if the position is relative, false if it's absolute

See also
  setRelativeToListener

## ◆ isSpatializationEnabled()

bool sf::SoundSource::isSpatializationEnabled | ( |  | ) | const

nodiscard inherited

Tell whether spatialization of the sound is enabled.

Returns
  true if spatialization is enabled, false if it's disabled

See also
  setSpatializationEnabled

## ◆ operator=()

Sound & sf::Sound::operator= | ( | const Sound & | right | ) |

Overload of assignment operator.

Parameters

  right | Instance to assign

Returns
  Reference to self

## ◆ pause()

void sf::Sound::pause | ( |  | ) |

override virtual

Pause the sound.

This function pauses the sound if it was playing, otherwise (sound already paused or stopped) it has no effect.

See also
  play, stop

Implements sf::SoundSource.

## ◆ play()

void sf::Sound::play | ( |  | ) |

override virtual

Start or resume playing the sound.

This function starts the stream if it was stopped, resumes it if it was paused, and restarts it from beginning if it was it already playing. This function uses its own thread so that it doesn't block the rest of the program while the sound is played.

See also
  pause, stop

Implements sf::SoundSource.

## ◆ setAttenuation()

void sf::SoundSource::setAttenuation | ( | float | attenuation | ) |

inherited

Set the attenuation factor of the sound.

The attenuation is a multiplicative factor which makes the sound more or less loud according to its distance from the listener. An attenuation of 0 will produce a non-attenuated sound, i.e. its volume will always be the same whether it is heard from near or from far. On the other hand, an attenuation value such as 100 will make the sound fade out very quickly as it gets further from the listener. The default value of the attenuation is 1.

Parameters

  attenuation | New attenuation factor of the sound

See also
  getAttenuation, setMinDistance

## ◆ setBuffer() [1/2]

void sf::Sound::setBuffer | ( | const SoundBuffer && | buffer | ) |

delete

Disallow setting from a temporary sound buffer.

## ◆ setBuffer() [2/2]

void sf::Sound::setBuffer | ( | const SoundBuffer & | buffer | ) |

Set the source buffer containing the audio data to play.

It is important to note that the sound buffer is not copied, thus the sf::SoundBuffer instance must remain alive as long as it is attached to the sound.

Parameters

  buffer | Sound buffer to attach to the sound

See also
  getBuffer

## ◆ setCone()

void sf::SoundSource::setCone | ( | const Cone & | cone | ) |

inherited

Set the cone properties of the sound in the audio scene.

The cone defines how directional attenuation is applied. The default cone of a sound is (2 * PI, 2 * PI, 1).

Parameters

  cone | Cone properties of the sound in the scene

See also
  getCone

## ◆ setDirection()

void sf::SoundSource::setDirection | ( | const Vector3f & | direction | ) |

inherited

Set the 3D direction of the sound in the audio scene.

The direction defines where the sound source is facing in 3D space. It will affect how the sound is attenuated if facing away from the listener. The default direction of a sound is (0, 0, -1).

Parameters

  direction | Direction of the sound in the scene

See also
  getDirection

## ◆ setDirectionalAttenuationFactor()

void sf::SoundSource::setDirectionalAttenuationFactor | ( | float | factor | ) |

inherited

Set the directional attenuation factor of the sound.

Depending on the virtual position of an output channel relative to the listener (such as in surround sound setups), sounds will be attenuated when emitting them from certain channels. This factor determines how strong the attenuation based on output channel position relative to the listener is.

Parameters

  factor | New directional attenuation factor to apply to the sound

See also
  getDirectionalAttenuationFactor

## ◆ setDopplerFactor()

void sf::SoundSource::setDopplerFactor | ( | float | factor | ) |

inherited

Set the doppler factor of the sound.

The doppler factor determines how strong the doppler shift will be.

Parameters

  factor | New doppler factor to apply to the sound

See also
  getDopplerFactor

## ◆ setEffectProcessor()

void sf::Sound::setEffectProcessor | ( | EffectProcessor | effectProcessor | ) |

override virtual

Set the effect processor to be applied to the sound.

The effect processor is a callable that will be called with sound data to be processed.

Parameters

  effectProcessor | The effect processor to attach to this sound, attach an empty processor to disable processing

Reimplemented from sf::SoundSource.

## ◆ setLooping()

void sf::Sound::setLooping | ( | bool | loop | ) |

Set whether or not the sound should loop after reaching the end.

If set, the sound will restart from beginning after reaching the end and so on, until it is stopped or setLooping(false) is called. The default looping state for sound is false.

Parameters

  loop | true to play in loop, false to play once

See also
  isLooping

## ◆ setMaxDistance()

void sf::SoundSource::setMaxDistance | ( | float | distance | ) |

inherited

Set the maximum distance of the sound.

The "maximum distance" of a sound is the minimum distance at which it is heard at its minimum volume. Closer than the maximum distance, it will start to fade in according to its attenuation factor. The default value of the maximum distance is the maximum value a float can represent.

Parameters

  distance | New maximum distance of the sound

See also
  getMaxDistance, setAttenuation

## ◆ setMaxGain()

void sf::SoundSource::setMaxGain | ( | float | gain | ) |

inherited

Set the maximum gain of the sound.

When the sound is closer from the listener than the "minimum distance" the attenuated gain is clamped so it cannot go above the maximum gain value.

Parameters

  gain | New maximum gain of the sound

See also
  getMaxGain, setAttenuation

## ◆ setMinDistance()

void sf::SoundSource::setMinDistance | ( | float | distance | ) |

inherited

Set the minimum distance of the sound.

The "minimum distance" of a sound is the maximum distance at which it is heard at its maximum volume. Further than the minimum distance, it will start to fade out according to its attenuation factor. A value of 0 ("inside the head of the listener") is an invalid value and is forbidden. The default value of the minimum distance is 1.

Parameters

  distance | New minimum distance of the sound

See also
  getMinDistance, setAttenuation

## ◆ setMinGain()

void sf::SoundSource::setMinGain | ( | float | gain | ) |

inherited

Set the minimum gain of the sound.

When the sound is further away from the listener than the "maximum distance" the attenuated gain is clamped so it cannot go below the minimum gain value.

Parameters

  gain | New minimum gain of the sound

See also
  getMinGain, setAttenuation

## ◆ setPan()

void sf::SoundSource::setPan | ( | float | pan | ) |

inherited

Set the pan of the sound.

Using panning, a mono sound can be panned between stereo channels. When the pan is set to -1, the sound is played only on the left channel, when the pan is set to +1, the sound is played only on the right channel.

Parameters

  pan | New pan to apply to the sound [-1, +1]

See also
  getPan

## ◆ setPitch()

void sf::SoundSource::setPitch | ( | float | pitch | ) |

inherited

Set the pitch of the sound.

The pitch represents the perceived fundamental frequency of a sound; thus you can make a sound more acute or grave by changing its pitch. A side effect of changing the pitch is to modify the playing speed of the sound as well. The default value for the pitch is 1.

Parameters

  pitch | New pitch to apply to the sound

See also
  getPitch

## ◆ setPlayingOffset()

void sf::Sound::setPlayingOffset | ( | Time | timeOffset | ) |

Change the current playing position of the sound.

The playing position can be changed when the sound is either paused or playing. Changing the playing position when the sound is stopped has no effect, since playing the sound will reset its position.

Parameters

  timeOffset | New playing position, from the beginning of the sound

See also
  getPlayingOffset

## ◆ setPosition()

void sf::SoundSource::setPosition | ( | const Vector3f & | position | ) |

inherited

Set the 3D position of the sound in the audio scene.

Only sounds with one channel (mono sounds) can be spatialized. The default position of a sound is (0, 0, 0).

Parameters

  position | Position of the sound in the scene

See also
  getPosition

## ◆ setRelativeToListener()

void sf::SoundSource::setRelativeToListener | ( | bool | relative | ) |

inherited

Make the sound's position relative to the listener or absolute.

Making a sound relative to the listener will ensure that it will always be played the same way regardless of the position of the listener. This can be useful for non-spatialized sounds, sounds that are produced by the listener, or sounds attached to it. The default value is false (position is absolute).

Parameters

  relative | true to set the position relative, false to set it absolute

See also
  isRelativeToListener

## ◆ setSpatializationEnabled()

void sf::SoundSource::setSpatializationEnabled | ( | bool | enabled | ) |

inherited

Set whether spatialization of the sound is enabled.

Spatialization is the application of various effects to simulate a sound being emitted at a virtual position in 3D space and exhibiting various physical phenomena such as directional attenuation and doppler shift.

Parameters

  enabled | true to enable spatialization, false to disable

See also
  isSpatializationEnabled

## ◆ setVelocity()

void sf::SoundSource::setVelocity | ( | const Vector3f & | velocity | ) |

inherited

Set the 3D velocity of the sound in the audio scene.

The velocity is used to determine how to doppler shift the sound. Sounds moving towards the listener will be perceived to have a higher pitch and sounds moving away from the listener will be perceived to have a lower pitch.

Parameters

  velocity | Velocity of the sound in the scene

See also
  getVelocity

## ◆ setVolume()

void sf::SoundSource::setVolume | ( | float | volume | ) |

inherited

Set the volume of the sound.

The volume is a value between 0 (mute) and 100 (full volume). The default value for the volume is 100.

Parameters

  volume | Volume of the sound

See also
  getVolume

## ◆ stop()

void sf::Sound::stop | ( |  | ) |

override virtual

stop playing the sound

This function stops the sound if it was playing or paused, and does nothing if it was already stopped. It also resets the playing position (unlike pause()).

See also
  play, pause

Implements sf::SoundSource.

## Friends And Related Symbol Documentation

## ◆ SoundBuffer

friend class SoundBuffer

friend

Definition at line 223 of file Sound.hpp.

The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:

- Sound.hpp