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juce::String Class Referencefinal

`#include <juce_String.h>`

## Public Member Functions

| String () noexcept
| String (const String &) noexcept
| String (String &&) noexcept
| String (const char *text)
| String (const char *text, size_t maxChars)
| String (const wchar_t *text)
| String (const wchar_t *text, size_t maxChars)
| String (CharPointer_UTF8 text)
| String (CharPointer_UTF8 text, size_t maxChars)
| String (CharPointer_UTF8 start, CharPointer_UTF8 end)
| String (CharPointer_UTF16 text)
| String (CharPointer_UTF16 text, size_t maxChars)
| String (CharPointer_UTF16 start, CharPointer_UTF16 end)
| String (CharPointer_UTF32 text)
| String (CharPointer_UTF32 text, size_t maxChars)
| String (CharPointer_UTF32 start, CharPointer_UTF32 end)
| String (CharPointer_ASCII text)
| String (const std::string &)
| String (StringRef)
| ~String () noexcept
int | hashCode () const noexcept
int64 | hashCode64 () const noexcept
size_t | hash () const noexcept
int | length () const noexcept
String & | operator= (const String &other) noexcept
String & | operator= (String &&other) noexcept
String & | operator+= (const String &stringToAppend)
String & | operator+= (const char *textToAppend)
String & | operator+= (const wchar_t *textToAppend)
String & | operator+= (StringRef textToAppend)
String & | operator+= (int numberToAppend)
String & | operator+= (long numberToAppend)
String & | operator+= (int64 numberToAppend)
String & | operator+= (uint64 numberToAppend)
String & | operator+= (char characterToAppend)
String & | operator+= (wchar_t characterToAppend)
String & | operator+= (juce_wchar characterToAppend)
void | append (const String &textToAppend, size_t maxCharsToTake)
void | appendCharPointer (CharPointerType startOfTextToAppend, CharPointerType endOfTextToAppend)
template<class CharPointer>
void | appendCharPointer (CharPointer startOfTextToAppend, CharPointer endOfTextToAppend)
void | appendCharPointer (CharPointerType textToAppend)
template<class CharPointer>
void | appendCharPointer (CharPointer textToAppend, size_t maxCharsToTake)
template<class CharPointer>
void | appendCharPointer (CharPointer textToAppend)
bool | isEmpty () const noexcept
bool | isNotEmpty () const noexcept
void | clear () noexcept
bool | equalsIgnoreCase (const String &other) const noexcept
bool | equalsIgnoreCase (StringRef other) const noexcept
bool | equalsIgnoreCase (const wchar_t *other) const noexcept
bool | equalsIgnoreCase (const char *other) const noexcept
int | compare (const String &other) const noexcept
int | compare (const char *other) const noexcept
int | compare (const wchar_t *other) const noexcept
int | compareIgnoreCase (const String &other) const noexcept
int | compareNatural (StringRef other, bool isCaseSensitive=false) const noexcept
bool | startsWith (StringRef text) const noexcept
bool | startsWithChar (juce_wchar character) const noexcept
bool | startsWithIgnoreCase (StringRef text) const noexcept
bool | endsWith (StringRef text) const noexcept
bool | endsWithChar (juce_wchar character) const noexcept
bool | endsWithIgnoreCase (StringRef text) const noexcept
bool | contains (StringRef text) const noexcept
bool | containsChar (juce_wchar character) const noexcept
bool | containsIgnoreCase (StringRef text) const noexcept
bool | containsWholeWord (StringRef wordToLookFor) const noexcept
bool | containsWholeWordIgnoreCase (StringRef wordToLookFor) const noexcept
int | indexOfWholeWord (StringRef wordToLookFor) const noexcept
int | indexOfWholeWordIgnoreCase (StringRef wordToLookFor) const noexcept
bool | containsAnyOf (StringRef charactersItMightContain) const noexcept
bool | containsOnly (StringRef charactersItMightContain) const noexcept
bool | containsNonWhitespaceChars () const noexcept
bool | matchesWildcard (StringRef wildcard, bool ignoreCase) const noexcept
int | indexOfChar (juce_wchar characterToLookFor) const noexcept
int | indexOfChar (int startIndex, juce_wchar characterToLookFor) const noexcept
int | indexOfAnyOf (StringRef charactersToLookFor, int startIndex=0, bool ignoreCase=false) const noexcept
int | indexOf (StringRef textToLookFor) const noexcept
int | indexOf (int startIndex, StringRef textToLookFor) const noexcept
int | indexOfIgnoreCase (StringRef textToLookFor) const noexcept
int | indexOfIgnoreCase (int startIndex, StringRef textToLookFor) const noexcept
int | lastIndexOfChar (juce_wchar character) const noexcept
int | lastIndexOf (StringRef textToLookFor) const noexcept
int | lastIndexOfIgnoreCase (StringRef textToLookFor) const noexcept
int | lastIndexOfAnyOf (StringRef charactersToLookFor, bool ignoreCase=false) const noexcept
juce_wchar | operator[] (int index) const noexcept
juce_wchar | getLastCharacter () const noexcept
String | substring (int startIndex, int endIndex) const
String | substring (int startIndex) const
String | dropLastCharacters (int numberToDrop) const
String | getLastCharacters (int numCharacters) const
String | fromFirstOccurrenceOf (StringRef substringToStartFrom, bool includeSubStringInResult, bool ignoreCase) const
String | fromLastOccurrenceOf (StringRef substringToFind, bool includeSubStringInResult, bool ignoreCase) const
String | upToFirstOccurrenceOf (StringRef substringToEndWith, bool includeSubStringInResult, bool ignoreCase) const
String | upToLastOccurrenceOf (StringRef substringToFind, bool includeSubStringInResult, bool ignoreCase) const
String | trim () const
String | trimStart () const
String | trimEnd () const
String | trimCharactersAtStart (StringRef charactersToTrim) const
String | trimCharactersAtEnd (StringRef charactersToTrim) const
String | toUpperCase () const
String | toLowerCase () const
String | replaceSection (int startIndex, int numCharactersToReplace, StringRef stringToInsert) const
String | replace (StringRef stringToReplace, StringRef stringToInsertInstead, bool ignoreCase=false) const
String | replaceFirstOccurrenceOf (StringRef stringToReplace, StringRef stringToInsertInstead, bool ignoreCase=false) const
String | replaceCharacter (juce_wchar characterToReplace, juce_wchar characterToInsertInstead) const
String | replaceCharacters (StringRef charactersToReplace, StringRef charactersToInsertInstead) const
String | retainCharacters (StringRef charactersToRetain) const
String | removeCharacters (StringRef charactersToRemove) const
String | initialSectionContainingOnly (StringRef permittedCharacters) const
String | initialSectionNotContaining (StringRef charactersToStopAt) const
bool | isQuotedString () const
String | unquoted () const
String | quoted (juce_wchar quoteCharacter='"') const
String | paddedLeft (juce_wchar padCharacter, int minimumLength) const
String | paddedRight (juce_wchar padCharacter, int minimumLength) const
CharPointerType | begin () const
CharPointerType | end () const
| String (int decimalInteger)
| String (unsigned int decimalInteger)
| String (short decimalInteger)
| String (unsigned short decimalInteger)
| String (int64 largeIntegerValue)
| String (uint64 largeIntegerValue)
| String (long decimalInteger)
| String (unsigned long decimalInteger)
| String (float floatValue)
| String (double doubleValue)
| String (float floatValue, int numberOfDecimalPlaces, bool useScientificNotation=false)
| String (double doubleValue, int numberOfDecimalPlaces, bool useScientificNotation=false)
| String (bool)=delete
int | getIntValue () const noexcept
int64 | getLargeIntValue () const noexcept
int | getTrailingIntValue () const noexcept
float | getFloatValue () const noexcept
double | getDoubleValue () const noexcept
int | getHexValue32 () const noexcept
int64 | getHexValue64 () const noexcept
CharPointerType | getCharPointer () const noexcept
CharPointer_UTF8 | toUTF8 () const
const char * | toRawUTF8 () const
CharPointer_UTF16 | toUTF16 () const
CharPointer_UTF32 | toUTF32 () const
const wchar_t * | toWideCharPointer () const
std::string | toStdString () const
size_t | getNumBytesAsUTF8 () const noexcept
size_t | copyToUTF8 (CharPointer_UTF8::CharType *destBuffer, size_t maxBufferSizeBytes) const noexcept
size_t | copyToUTF16 (CharPointer_UTF16::CharType *destBuffer, size_t maxBufferSizeBytes) const noexcept
size_t | copyToUTF32 (CharPointer_UTF32::CharType *destBuffer, size_t maxBufferSizeBytes) const noexcept
void | preallocateBytes (size_t numBytesNeeded)
void | swapWith (String &other) noexcept
int | getReferenceCount () const noexcept

## Static Public Member Functions

static String | charToString (juce_wchar character)
static String | repeatedString (StringRef stringToRepeat, int numberOfTimesToRepeat)
static String | createStringFromData (const void *data, int size)
template<typename... Args>
static String | formatted (const String &formatStr, Args... args)
template<typename IntegerType>
static String | toHexString (IntegerType number)
static String | toHexString (const void *data, int size, int groupSize=1)
template<typename DecimalType>
static String | toDecimalStringWithSignificantFigures (DecimalType number, int numberOfSignificantFigures)
static String | fromUTF8 (const char *utf8buffer, int bufferSizeBytes=-1)

## Detailed Description

The JUCE String class!

Using a reference-counted internal representation, these strings are fast and efficient, and there are methods to do just about any operation you'll ever dream of.

See also
  StringArray, StringPairArray

Definition at line 52 of file juce_String.h.

## Constructor & Destructor Documentation

## String() [1/31]

juce::String::String | ( |  | ) |

noexcept

Creates an empty string.

See also
  empty

Definition at line 234 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by append(), charToString(), compare(), compareIgnoreCase(), createStringFromData(), dropLastCharacters(), equalsIgnoreCase(), formatted(), fromFirstOccurrenceOf(), fromLastOccurrenceOf(), fromUTF8(), getLastCharacters(), initialSectionContainingOnly(), initialSectionNotContaining(), operator+=(), operator+=(), operator+=(), operator+=(), operator+=(), operator+=(), operator+=(), operator+=(), operator+=(), operator+=(), operator+=(), operator=(), operator=(), paddedLeft(), paddedRight(), quoted(), removeCharacters(), repeatedString(), replace(), replaceCharacter(), replaceCharacters(), replaceFirstOccurrenceOf(), replaceSection(), retainCharacters(), String(), String(), substring(), substring(), swapWith(), toDecimalStringWithSignificantFigures(), toHexString(), toHexString(), toLowerCase(), toUpperCase(), trim(), trimCharactersAtEnd(), trimCharactersAtStart(), trimEnd(), trimStart(), unquoted(), upToFirstOccurrenceOf(), and upToLastOccurrenceOf().

## String() [2/31]

juce::String::String | ( | const String & | other | ) |

noexcept

Creates a copy of another string.

Definition at line 243 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [3/31]

juce::String::String | ( | String && | other | ) |

noexcept

Move constructor

Definition at line 266 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [4/31]

juce::String::String | ( | const char * | text | ) |

Creates a string from a zero-terminated ascii text string.

The string passed-in must not contain any characters with a value above 127, because these can't be converted to unicode without knowing the original encoding that was used to create the string. If you attempt to pass-in values above 127, you'll get an assertion.

To create strings with extended characters from UTF-8, you should explicitly call String (CharPointer_UTF8 ("my utf8 string..")). It's highly recommended that you use UTF-8 with escape characters in your source code to represent extended characters, because there's no other way to represent unicode strings in a way that isn't dependent on the compiler, source code editor and platform.

Definition at line 295 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [5/31]

juce::String::String | ( | const char * | text,
|  | size_t | maxChars )

Creates a string from a string of 8-bit ascii characters.

The string passed-in must not contain any characters with a value above 127, because these can't be converted to unicode without knowing the original encoding that was used to create the string. If you attempt to pass-in values above 127, you'll get an assertion.

To create strings with extended characters from UTF-8, you should explicitly call String (CharPointer_UTF8 ("my utf8 string..")). It's highly recommended that you use UTF-8 with escape characters in your source code to represent extended characters, because there's no other way to represent unicode strings in a way that isn't dependent on the compiler, source code editor and platform.

This will use up to the first maxChars characters of the string (or less if the string is actually shorter).

Definition at line 318 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [6/31]

juce::String::String | ( | const wchar_t * | text | ) |

Creates a string from a wchar_t character string. Depending on the platform, this may be treated as either UTF-32 or UTF-16.

Definition at line 341 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [7/31]

juce::String::String | ( | const wchar_t * | text,
|  | size_t | maxChars )

Creates a string from a wchar_t character string. Depending on the platform, this may be treated as either UTF-32 or UTF-16.

Definition at line 350 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [8/31]

juce::String::String | ( | CharPointer_UTF8 | text | ) |

Creates a string from a UTF-8 character string

Definition at line 342 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [9/31]

juce::String::String | ( | CharPointer_UTF8 | text,
|  | size_t | maxChars )

Creates a string from a UTF-8 character string

Definition at line 347 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [10/31]

juce::String::String | ( | CharPointer_UTF8 | start,
|  | CharPointer_UTF8 | end )

Creates a string from a UTF-8 character string

Definition at line 352 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [11/31]

juce::String::String | ( | CharPointer_UTF16 | text | ) |

Creates a string from a UTF-16 character string

Definition at line 343 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [12/31]

juce::String::String | ( | CharPointer_UTF16 | text,
|  | size_t | maxChars )

Creates a string from a UTF-16 character string

Definition at line 348 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [13/31]

juce::String::String | ( | CharPointer_UTF16 | start,
|  | CharPointer_UTF16 | end )

Creates a string from a UTF-16 character string

Definition at line 353 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [14/31]

juce::String::String | ( | CharPointer_UTF32 | text | ) |

Creates a string from a UTF-32 character string

Definition at line 344 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [15/31]

juce::String::String | ( | CharPointer_UTF32 | text,
|  | size_t | maxChars )

Creates a string from a UTF-32 character string

Definition at line 349 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [16/31]

juce::String::String | ( | CharPointer_UTF32 | start,
|  | CharPointer_UTF32 | end )

Creates a string from a UTF-32 character string

Definition at line 354 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [17/31]

juce::String::String | ( | CharPointer_ASCII | text | ) |

Creates a string from an ASCII character string

Definition at line 345 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [18/31]

juce::String::String | ( | const std::string & | s | ) |

Creates a string from a UTF-8 encoded std::string.

Definition at line 356 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [19/31]

juce::String::String | ( | StringRef | s | ) |

Creates a string from a StringRef

Definition at line 357 of file juce_String.cpp.

## ~String()

juce::String::~String | ( |  | ) |

noexcept

Destructor.

Definition at line 238 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [20/31]

juce::String::String | ( | int | decimalInteger | ) |

explicit

Creates a string containing this signed 32-bit integer as a decimal number.

See also
  getIntValue, getFloatValue, getDoubleValue, toHexString

Definition at line 496 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [21/31]

juce::String::String | ( | unsigned int | decimalInteger | ) |

explicit

Creates a string containing this unsigned 32-bit integer as a decimal number.

See also
  getIntValue, getFloatValue, getDoubleValue, toHexString

Definition at line 497 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [22/31]

juce::String::String | ( | short | decimalInteger | ) |

explicit

Creates a string containing this signed 16-bit integer as a decimal number.

See also
  getIntValue, getFloatValue, getDoubleValue, toHexString

Definition at line 498 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [23/31]

juce::String::String | ( | unsigned short | decimalInteger | ) |

explicit

Creates a string containing this unsigned 16-bit integer as a decimal number.

See also
  getIntValue, getFloatValue, getDoubleValue, toHexString

Definition at line 499 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [24/31]

juce::String::String | ( | int64 | largeIntegerValue | ) |

explicit

Creates a string containing this signed 64-bit integer as a decimal number.

See also
  getLargeIntValue, getFloatValue, getDoubleValue, toHexString

Definition at line 500 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [25/31]

juce::String::String | ( | uint64 | largeIntegerValue | ) |

explicit

Creates a string containing this unsigned 64-bit integer as a decimal number.

See also
  getLargeIntValue, getFloatValue, getDoubleValue, toHexString

Definition at line 501 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [26/31]

juce::String::String | ( | long | decimalInteger | ) |

explicit

Creates a string containing this signed long integer as a decimal number.

See also
  getIntValue, getFloatValue, getDoubleValue, toHexString

Definition at line 502 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [27/31]

juce::String::String | ( | unsigned long | decimalInteger | ) |

explicit

Creates a string containing this unsigned long integer as a decimal number.

See also
  getIntValue, getFloatValue, getDoubleValue, toHexString

Definition at line 503 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [28/31]

juce::String::String | ( | float | floatValue | ) |

explicit

Creates a string representing this floating-point number.

Parameters

  floatValue | the value to convert to a string

See also
  getDoubleValue, getIntValue

Definition at line 505 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [29/31]

juce::String::String | ( | double | doubleValue | ) |

explicit

Creates a string representing this floating-point number.

Parameters

  doubleValue | the value to convert to a string

See also
  getFloatValue, getIntValue

Definition at line 506 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [30/31]

juce::String::String | ( | float | floatValue,
|  | int | numberOfDecimalPlaces,
|  | bool | useScientificNotation = false )

Creates a string representing this floating-point number.

Parameters

  floatValue | the value to convert to a string
  numberOfDecimalPlaces | if this is > 0 the number will be formatted using that many decimal places, adding trailing zeros as required. If 0 or less the number will be formatted using the C++ standard library default format, which uses scientific notation for large and small numbers.
  useScientificNotation | if the number should be formatted using scientific notation

See also
  getDoubleValue, getIntValue

Definition at line 507 of file juce_String.cpp.

## String() [31/31]

juce::String::String | ( | double | doubleValue,
|  | int | numberOfDecimalPlaces,
|  | bool | useScientificNotation = false )

Creates a string representing this floating-point number.

Parameters

  doubleValue | the value to convert to a string
  numberOfDecimalPlaces | if this is > 0, it will format the number using that many decimal places, adding trailing zeros as required, and will not use exponent notation. If 0 or less, it will use exponent notation if necessary.
  useScientificNotation | if the number should be formatted using scientific notation

See also
  getFloatValue, getIntValue

Definition at line 508 of file juce_String.cpp.

## Member Function Documentation

## append()

void juce::String::append | ( | const String & | textToAppend,
|  | size_t | maxCharsToTake )

Appends a string to the end of this one.

Parameters

  textToAppend | the string to add
  maxCharsToTake | the maximum number of characters to take from the string passed in

Definition at line 706 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by operator+=().

## appendCharPointer() [1/5]

template<class CharPointer>

void juce::String::appendCharPointer | ( | CharPointer | startOfTextToAppend,
|  | CharPointer | endOfTextToAppend )

inline

Appends a string to the end of this one.

Parameters

  startOfTextToAppend | the start of the string to add. This must not be a nullptr
  endOfTextToAppend | the end of the string to add. This must not be a nullptr

Definition at line 247 of file juce_String.h.

## appendCharPointer() [2/5]

template<class CharPointer>

void juce::String::appendCharPointer | ( | CharPointer | textToAppend | ) |

inline

Appends a string to the end of this one.

Definition at line 298 of file juce_String.h.

## appendCharPointer() [3/5]

template<class CharPointer>

void juce::String::appendCharPointer | ( | CharPointer | textToAppend,
|  | size_t | maxCharsToTake )

inline

Appends a string to the end of this one.

Parameters

  textToAppend | the string to add
  maxCharsToTake | the maximum number of characters to take from the string passed in

Definition at line 276 of file juce_String.h.

## appendCharPointer() [4/5]

void juce::String::appendCharPointer | ( | CharPointerType | startOfTextToAppend,
|  | CharPointerType | endOfTextToAppend )

Appends a string to the end of this one.

Parameters

  startOfTextToAppend | the start of the string to add. This must not be a nullptr
  endOfTextToAppend | the end of the string to add. This must not be a nullptr

Definition at line 717 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by append(), appendCharPointer(), appendCharPointer(), operator+=(), operator+=(), operator+=(), and operator+=().

## appendCharPointer() [5/5]

void juce::String::appendCharPointer | ( | CharPointerType | textToAppend | ) |

Appends a string to the end of this one.

Definition at line 712 of file juce_String.cpp.

## begin()

CharPointerType juce::String::begin | ( |  | ) | const

inline

Returns an iterator pointing at the beginning of the string.

Definition at line 923 of file juce_String.h.

Referenced by end(), and juce::JSONUtils::setPointer().

## charToString()

String juce::String::charToString | ( | juce_wchar | character | ) |

static

Creates a string from a single character.

Definition at line 359 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by createStringFromData(), quoted(), and juce::BigInteger::toString().

## clear()

void juce::String::clear | ( |  | ) |

noexcept

Resets this string to be empty.

Definition at line 253 of file juce_String.cpp.

## compare() [1/3]

int juce::String::compare | ( | const char * | other | ) | const

noexcept

Case-sensitive comparison with another string.

Returns
  0 if the two strings are identical; negative if this string comes before the other one alphabetically, or positive if it comes after it.

Definition at line 597 of file juce_String.cpp.

## compare() [2/3]

int juce::String::compare | ( | const String & | other | ) | const

noexcept

Case-sensitive comparison with another string.

Returns
  0 if the two strings are identical; negative if this string comes before the other one alphabetically, or positive if it comes after it.

Definition at line 596 of file juce_String.cpp.

## compare() [3/3]

int juce::String::compare | ( | const wchar_t * | other | ) | const

noexcept

Case-sensitive comparison with another string.

Returns
  0 if the two strings are identical; negative if this string comes before the other one alphabetically, or positive if it comes after it.

Definition at line 598 of file juce_String.cpp.

## compareIgnoreCase()

int juce::String::compareIgnoreCase | ( | const String & | other | ) | const

noexcept

Case-insensitive comparison with another string.

Returns
  0 if the two strings are identical; negative if this string comes before the other one alphabetically, or positive if it comes after it.

Definition at line 599 of file juce_String.cpp.

## compareNatural()

int juce::String::compareNatural | ( | StringRef | other,
|  | bool | isCaseSensitive = false ) const

noexcept

Compares two strings, taking into account textual characteristics like numbers and spaces.

This comparison is case-insensitive and can detect words and embedded numbers in the strings, making it good for sorting human-readable lists of things like filenames.

Returns
  0 if the two strings are identical; negative if this string comes before the other one alphabetically, or positive if it comes after it.

Definition at line 700 of file juce_String.cpp.

## contains()

bool juce::String::contains | ( | StringRef | text | ) | const

noexcept

Tests whether the string contains another substring. If the parameter is an empty string, this will always return true. Uses a case-sensitive comparison.

Definition at line 1035 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::IPAddress::getFormattedAddress().

## containsAnyOf()

bool juce::String::containsAnyOf | ( | StringRef | charactersItMightContain | ) | const

noexcept

Looks for any of a set of characters in the string. Uses a case-sensitive comparison.

Returns
  true if the string contains any of the characters from the string that is passed in.

Definition at line 1805 of file juce_String.cpp.

## containsChar()

bool juce::String::containsChar | ( | juce_wchar | character | ) | const

noexcept

Tests whether the string contains a particular character. Uses a case-sensitive comparison.

Definition at line 1040 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::URL::addEscapeChars(), juce::URL::isProbablyAWebsiteURL(), and replaceCharacter().

## containsIgnoreCase()

bool juce::String::containsIgnoreCase | ( | StringRef | text | ) | const

noexcept

Tests whether the string contains another substring. Uses a case-insensitive comparison.

Definition at line 1045 of file juce_String.cpp.

## containsNonWhitespaceChars()

bool juce::String::containsNonWhitespaceChars | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

Returns true if this string contains any non-whitespace characters.

This will return false if the string contains only whitespace characters, or if it's empty.

It is equivalent to calling "myString.trim().isNotEmpty()".

Definition at line 1814 of file juce_String.cpp.

## containsOnly()

bool juce::String::containsOnly | ( | StringRef | charactersItMightContain | ) | const

noexcept

Looks for a set of characters in the string. Uses a case-sensitive comparison.

Returns
  Returns false if any of the characters in this string do not occur in the parameter string. If this string is empty, the return value will always be true.

Definition at line 1796 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::DirectoryIterator::next(), and juce::Expression::withRenamedSymbol().

## containsWholeWord()

bool juce::String::containsWholeWord | ( | StringRef | wordToLookFor | ) | const

noexcept

Tests whether the string contains another substring as a distinct word.

Returns
  true if the string contains this word, surrounded by non-alphanumeric characters

See also
  indexOfWholeWord, containsWholeWordIgnoreCase

Definition at line 1094 of file juce_String.cpp.

## containsWholeWordIgnoreCase()

bool juce::String::containsWholeWordIgnoreCase | ( | StringRef | wordToLookFor | ) | const

noexcept

Tests whether the string contains another substring as a distinct word.

Returns
  true if the string contains this word, surrounded by non-alphanumeric characters

See also
  indexOfWholeWordIgnoreCase, containsWholeWord

Definition at line 1099 of file juce_String.cpp.

## copyToUTF16()

size_t juce::String::copyToUTF16 | ( | CharPointer_UTF16::CharType * | destBuffer,
|  | size_t | maxBufferSizeBytes ) const

noexcept

Copies the string to a buffer as UTF-16 characters.

Returns the number of bytes copied to the buffer, including the terminating null character.

To find out how many bytes you need to store this string as UTF-16, you can call CharPointer_UTF16::getBytesRequiredFor (myString.getCharPointer())

Parameters

  destBuffer | the place to copy it to; if this is a null pointer, the method just returns the number of bytes required (including the terminating null character).
  maxBufferSizeBytes | the size of the destination buffer, in bytes. If the string won't fit, it'll put in as many as it can while still allowing for a terminating null char at the end, and will return the number of bytes that were actually used.

See also
  CharPointer_UTF16::writeWithDestByteLimit

Definition at line 2109 of file juce_String.cpp.

## copyToUTF32()

size_t juce::String::copyToUTF32 | ( | CharPointer_UTF32::CharType * | destBuffer,
|  | size_t | maxBufferSizeBytes ) const

noexcept

Copies the string to a buffer as UTF-32 characters.

Returns the number of bytes copied to the buffer, including the terminating null character.

To find out how many bytes you need to store this string as UTF-32, you can call CharPointer_UTF32::getBytesRequiredFor (myString.getCharPointer())

Parameters

  destBuffer | the place to copy it to; if this is a null pointer, the method just returns the number of bytes required (including the terminating null character).
  maxBufferSizeBytes | the size of the destination buffer, in bytes. If the string won't fit, it'll put in as many as it can while still allowing for a terminating null char at the end, and will return the number of bytes that were actually used.

See also
  CharPointer_UTF32::writeWithDestByteLimit

Definition at line 2114 of file juce_String.cpp.

## copyToUTF8()

size_t juce::String::copyToUTF8 | ( | CharPointer_UTF8::CharType * | destBuffer,
|  | size_t | maxBufferSizeBytes ) const

noexcept

Copies the string to a buffer as UTF-8 characters.

Returns the number of bytes copied to the buffer, including the terminating null character.

To find out how many bytes you need to store this string as UTF-8, you can call CharPointer_UTF8::getBytesRequiredFor (myString.getCharPointer())

Parameters

  destBuffer | the place to copy it to; if this is a null pointer, the method just returns the number of bytes required (including the terminating null character).
  maxBufferSizeBytes | the size of the destination buffer, in bytes. If the string won't fit, it'll put in as many as it can while still allowing for a terminating null char at the end, and will return the number of bytes that were actually used.

See also
  CharPointer_UTF8::writeWithDestByteLimit

Definition at line 2104 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::OutputStream::writeString().

## createStringFromData()

String juce::String::createStringFromData | ( | const void * | data,
|  | int | size )

static

Creates a string from data in an unknown format.

This looks at some binary data and tries to guess whether it's Unicode or 8-bit characters, then returns a string that represents it correctly.

Should be able to handle Unicode endianness correctly, by looking at the first two bytes.

Definition at line 1968 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::MemoryOutputStream::toString().

## dropLastCharacters()

String juce::String::dropLastCharacters | ( | int | numberToDrop | ) | const

Returns a version of this string with a number of characters removed from the end.

Parameters

  numberToDrop | the number of characters to drop from the end of the string. If this is greater than the length of the string, an empty string will be returned. If zero or less, the original string will be returned.

See also
  substring, fromFirstOccurrenceOf, upToFirstOccurrenceOf, fromLastOccurrenceOf, getLastCharacter

Definition at line 1555 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::IPAddress::getFormattedAddress(), and juce::File::getRelativePathFrom().

## end()

CharPointerType juce::String::end | ( |  | ) | const

inline

Returns an iterator pointing at the terminating null of the string.

Note that this has to find the terminating null before returning it, so prefer to call this once before looping and then reuse the result, rather than calling 'end()' each time through the loop.

String str = ...;
// BEST
for (auto c : str)
DBG (c);
// GOOD
for (auto ptr = str.begin(), end = str.end(); ptr != end; ++ptr)
DBG (*ptr);
std::for_each (str.begin(), str.end(), [] (juce_wchar c) { DBG (c); });
// BAD
for (auto ptr = str.begin(); ptr != str.end(); ++ptr)
DBG (*ptr);
juce::String::String
String() noexcept
Definition juce_String.cpp:234
juce::String::end
CharPointerType end() const
Definition juce_String.h:949

Definition at line 949 of file juce_String.h.

Referenced by endsWith(), endsWithIgnoreCase(), indexOfWholeWord(), indexOfWholeWordIgnoreCase(), paddedLeft(), paddedRight(), juce::JSONUtils::setPointer(), String(), String(), String(), substring(), trim(), trimCharactersAtEnd(), and trimEnd().

## endsWith()

bool juce::String::endsWith | ( | StringRef | text | ) | const

noexcept

Tests whether the string ends with another string. If the parameter is an empty string, this will always return true. Uses a case-sensitive comparison.

Definition at line 1421 of file juce_String.cpp.

## endsWithChar()

bool juce::String::endsWithChar | ( | juce_wchar | character | ) | const

noexcept

Tests whether the string ends with a particular character. If the character is 0, this will always return false. Uses a case-sensitive comparison.

Definition at line 1410 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::File::addTrailingSeparator(), juce::URL::isProbablyAnEmailAddress(), and quoted().

## endsWithIgnoreCase()

bool juce::String::endsWithIgnoreCase | ( | StringRef | text | ) | const

noexcept

Tests whether the string ends with another string. If the parameter is an empty string, this will always return true. Uses a case-insensitive comparison.

Definition at line 1438 of file juce_String.cpp.

## equalsIgnoreCase() [1/4]

bool juce::String::equalsIgnoreCase | ( | const char * | other | ) | const

noexcept

Case-insensitive comparison with another string.

Definition at line 579 of file juce_String.cpp.

## equalsIgnoreCase() [2/4]

bool juce::String::equalsIgnoreCase | ( | const String & | other | ) | const

noexcept

Case-insensitive comparison with another string.

Definition at line 590 of file juce_String.cpp.

## equalsIgnoreCase() [3/4]

bool juce::String::equalsIgnoreCase | ( | const wchar_t * | other | ) | const

noexcept

Case-insensitive comparison with another string.

Definition at line 573 of file juce_String.cpp.

## equalsIgnoreCase() [4/4]

bool juce::String::equalsIgnoreCase | ( | StringRef | other | ) | const

noexcept

Case-insensitive comparison with another string.

Definition at line 585 of file juce_String.cpp.

## formatted()

template<typename... Args>

String juce::String::formatted | ( | const String & | formatStr,
|  | Args... | args )

inline static

Creates a String from a printf-style parameter list.

I don't like this method. I don't use it myself, and I recommend avoiding it and using the operator<< methods or pretty much anything else instead. It's only provided here because of the popular unrest that was stirred-up when I tried to remove it...

If you're really determined to use it, at least make sure that you never, ever, pass any String objects to it as parameters. And bear in mind that internally, depending on the platform, it may be using wchar_t or char character types, so that even string literals can't be safely used as parameters if you're writing portable code.

Definition at line 920 of file juce_String.h.

Referenced by formatted(), and juce::Time::toISO8601().

## fromFirstOccurrenceOf()

String juce::String::fromFirstOccurrenceOf | ( | StringRef | substringToStartFrom,
|  | bool | includeSubStringInResult,
|  | bool | ignoreCase ) const

Returns a section of the string starting from a given substring.

This will search for the first occurrence of the given substring, and return the section of the string starting from the point where this is found (optionally not including the substring itself).

e.g. for the string "123456", fromFirstOccurrenceOf ("34", true) would return "3456", and fromFirstOccurrenceOf ("34", false) would return "56".

If the substring isn't found, the method will return an empty string.

If ignoreCase is true, the comparison will be case-insensitive.

See also
  upToFirstOccurrenceOf, fromLastOccurrenceOf

Definition at line 1565 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::IPAddress::getFormattedAddress(), and juce::ChildProcessWorker::initialiseFromCommandLine().

## fromLastOccurrenceOf()

String juce::String::fromLastOccurrenceOf | ( | StringRef | substringToFind,
|  | bool | includeSubStringInResult,
|  | bool | ignoreCase ) const

Returns a section of the string starting from the last occurrence of a given substring.

Similar to fromFirstOccurrenceOf(), but using the last occurrence of the substring, and unlike fromFirstOccurrenceOf(), if the substring isn't found, this method will return the whole of the original string.

See also
  fromFirstOccurrenceOf, upToLastOccurrenceOf

Definition at line 1575 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::URL::getFileName(), juce::XmlElement::getTagNameWithoutNamespace(), and juce::URL::isProbablyAWebsiteURL().

## fromUTF8()

String juce::String::fromUTF8 | ( | const char * | utf8buffer,
|  | int | bufferSizeBytes = -1 )

static

Creates a String from a UTF-8 encoded buffer. If the size is < 0, it'll keep reading until it hits a zero.

Definition at line 2125 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::URL::addEscapeChars(), juce::BufferedInputStream::readString(), juce::URL::removeEscapeChars(), and juce::MemoryBlock::toString().

## getCharPointer()

CharPointerType juce::String::getCharPointer | ( |  | ) | const

inline noexcept

Returns the character pointer currently being used to store this string.

Because it returns a reference to the string's internal data, the pointer that is returned must not be stored anywhere, as it can be deleted whenever the string changes.

Definition at line 1153 of file juce_String.h.

Referenced by begin(), compareNatural(), juce::Expression::Expression(), juce::StringArray::joinIntoString(), juce::Identifier::operator String::CharPointerType(), juce::JSON::parse(), juce::MemoryBlock::toBase64Encoding(), juce::OutputStream::writeText(), and juce::JSON::writeToStream().

## getDoubleValue()

double juce::String::getDoubleValue | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

Parses this string as a floating point number.

Returns
  the value of the string as a 64-bit floating point value.

See also
  getFloatValue

Definition at line 1874 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by getFloatValue().

## getFloatValue()

float juce::String::getFloatValue | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

Parses this string as a floating point number.

Returns
  the value of the string as a 32-bit floating point value.

See also
  getDoubleValue

Definition at line 1873 of file juce_String.cpp.

## getHexValue32()

int juce::String::getHexValue32 | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

Parses the string as a hexadecimal number.

Non-hexadecimal characters in the string are ignored.

If the string contains too many characters, then the lowest significant digits are returned, e.g. "ffff12345678" would produce 0x12345678.

Returns
  a 32-bit number which is the value of the string in hex.

Definition at line 1953 of file juce_String.cpp.

## getHexValue64()

int64 juce::String::getHexValue64 | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

Parses the string as a hexadecimal number.

Non-hexadecimal characters in the string are ignored.

If the string contains too many characters, then the lowest significant digits are returned, e.g. "ffff1234567812345678" would produce 0x1234567812345678.

Returns
  a 64-bit number which is the value of the string in hex.

Definition at line 1954 of file juce_String.cpp.

## getIntValue()

int juce::String::getIntValue | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

Reads the value of the string as a decimal number (up to 32 bits in size).

Returns
  the value of the string as a 32 bit signed base-10 integer.

See also
  getTrailingIntValue, getHexValue32, getHexValue64

Definition at line 1871 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::MemoryBlock::fromBase64Encoding(), juce::AudioChannelSet::getChannelTypeFromAbbreviation(), and juce::XmlElement::getIntAttribute().

## getLargeIntValue()

int64 juce::String::getLargeIntValue | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

Reads the value of the string as a decimal number (up to 64 bits in size).

Returns
  the value of the string as a 64 bit signed base-10 integer.

Definition at line 1872 of file juce_String.cpp.

## getLastCharacter()

juce_wchar juce::String::getLastCharacter | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

Returns the final character of the string. If the string is empty this will return 0.

Definition at line 1493 of file juce_String.cpp.

## getLastCharacters()

String juce::String::getLastCharacters | ( | int | numCharacters | ) | const

Returns a number of characters from the end of the string.

This returns the last numCharacters characters from the end of the string. If the string is shorter than numCharacters, the whole string is returned.

See also
  substring, dropLastCharacters, getLastCharacter

Definition at line 1560 of file juce_String.cpp.

## getNumBytesAsUTF8()

size_t juce::String::getNumBytesAsUTF8 | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

Returns the number of bytes required to represent this string as UTF8. The number returned does NOT include the trailing zero.

See also
  toUTF8, copyToUTF8

Definition at line 2120 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::URL::addEscapeChars(), juce::URL::withPOSTData(), juce::OutputStream::writeString(), and juce::OutputStream::writeText().

## getReferenceCount()

int juce::String::getReferenceCount | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

Returns the number of String objects which are currently sharing the same internal data as this one.

Definition at line 289 of file juce_String.cpp.

## getTrailingIntValue()

int juce::String::getTrailingIntValue | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

Parses a decimal number from the end of the string.

This will look for a value at the end of the string. e.g. for "321 xyz654" it will return 654; for "2 3 4" it'll return 4.

If the string ends with a hyphen followed by numeric characters, the return value will be negative.

See also
  getIntValue

Definition at line 1876 of file juce_String.cpp.

## hash()

size_t juce::String::hash | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

Generates a probably-unique hashcode from this string.

Definition at line 551 of file juce_String.cpp.

## hashCode()

int juce::String::hashCode | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

This is the character encoding type used internally to store the string.

By setting the value of JUCE_STRING_UTF_TYPE to 8, 16, or 32, you can change the internal storage format of the String class. UTF-8 uses the least space (if your strings contain few extended characters), but call operator[] involves iterating the string to find the required index. UTF-32 provides instant random access to its characters, but uses 4 bytes per character to store them. UTF-16 uses more space than UTF-8 and is also slow to index, but is the native wchar_t format used in Windows.

It doesn't matter too much which format you pick, because the toUTF8(), toUTF16() and toUTF32() methods let you access the string's content in any of the other formats. Generates a probably-unique 32-bit hashcode from this string.

Definition at line 549 of file juce_String.cpp.

## hashCode64()

int64 juce::String::hashCode64 | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

Generates a probably-unique 64-bit hashcode from this string.

Definition at line 550 of file juce_String.cpp.

## indexOf() [1/2]

int juce::String::indexOf | ( | int | startIndex,
|  | StringRef | textToLookFor ) const

noexcept

Searches for a substring within this string. Uses a case-sensitive comparison.

Parameters

  startIndex | the index from which the search should proceed
  textToLookFor | the string to search for

Returns
  the index of the first occurrence of this substring, or -1 if it's not found. If textToLookFor is an empty string, this will always return -1.

Definition at line 941 of file juce_String.cpp.

## indexOf() [2/2]

int juce::String::indexOf | ( | StringRef | textToLookFor | ) | const

noexcept

Searches for a substring within this string. Uses a case-sensitive comparison.

Returns
  the index of the first occurrence of this substring, or -1 if it's not found. If textToLookFor is an empty string, this will always return 0.

Definition at line 931 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by contains(), fromFirstOccurrenceOf(), juce::StringPairArray::getValue(), replace(), replaceFirstOccurrenceOf(), juce::StringPairArray::set(), and upToFirstOccurrenceOf().

## indexOfAnyOf()

int juce::String::indexOfAnyOf | ( | StringRef | charactersToLookFor,
|  | int | startIndex = 0,
|  | bool | ignoreCase = false ) const

noexcept

Returns the index of the first character that matches one of the characters passed-in to this method.

This scans the string, beginning from the startIndex supplied, and if it finds a character that appears in the string charactersToLookFor, it returns its index.

If none of these characters are found, it returns -1.

If ignoreCase is true, the comparison will be case-insensitive.

See also
  indexOfChar, lastIndexOfAnyOf

Definition at line 911 of file juce_String.cpp.

## indexOfChar() [1/2]

int juce::String::indexOfChar | ( | int | startIndex,
|  | juce_wchar | characterToLookFor ) const

noexcept

Searches for a character inside this string. Uses a case-sensitive comparison.

Parameters

  startIndex | the index from which the search should proceed
  characterToLookFor | the character to look for

Returns
  the index of the first occurrence of the character in this string, or -1 if it's not found.

Definition at line 879 of file juce_String.cpp.

## indexOfChar() [2/2]

int juce::String::indexOfChar | ( | juce_wchar | characterToLookFor | ) | const

noexcept

Searches for a character inside this string. Uses a case-sensitive comparison.

Returns
  the index of the first occurrence of the character in this string, or -1 if it's not found.

Definition at line 874 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::URL::isProbablyAnEmailAddress(), and juce::JSONUtils::setPointer().

## indexOfIgnoreCase() [1/2]

int juce::String::indexOfIgnoreCase | ( | int | startIndex,
|  | StringRef | textToLookFor ) const

noexcept

Searches for a substring within this string. Uses a case-insensitive comparison.

Parameters

  startIndex | the index from which the search should proceed
  textToLookFor | the string to search for

Returns
  the index of the first occurrence of this substring, or -1 if it's not found. If textToLookFor is an empty string, this will always return -1.

Definition at line 960 of file juce_String.cpp.

## indexOfIgnoreCase() [2/2]

int juce::String::indexOfIgnoreCase | ( | StringRef | textToLookFor | ) | const

noexcept

Searches for a substring within this string. Uses a case-insensitive comparison.

Returns
  the index of the first occurrence of this substring, or -1 if it's not found. If textToLookFor is an empty string, this will always return 0.

Definition at line 936 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by containsIgnoreCase(), fromFirstOccurrenceOf(), replace(), replaceFirstOccurrenceOf(), and upToFirstOccurrenceOf().

## indexOfWholeWord()

int juce::String::indexOfWholeWord | ( | StringRef | wordToLookFor | ) | const

noexcept

Finds an instance of another substring if it exists as a distinct word.

Returns
  if the string contains this word, surrounded by non-alphanumeric characters, then this will return the index of the start of the substring. If it isn't found, then it will return -1

See also
  indexOfWholeWordIgnoreCase, containsWholeWord

Definition at line 1050 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by containsWholeWord().

## indexOfWholeWordIgnoreCase()

int juce::String::indexOfWholeWordIgnoreCase | ( | StringRef | wordToLookFor | ) | const

noexcept

Finds an instance of another substring if it exists as a distinct word.

Returns
  if the string contains this word, surrounded by non-alphanumeric characters, then this will return the index of the start of the substring. If it isn't found, then it will return -1

See also
  indexOfWholeWord, containsWholeWordIgnoreCase

Definition at line 1072 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by containsWholeWordIgnoreCase().

## initialSectionContainingOnly()

String juce::String::initialSectionContainingOnly | ( | StringRef | permittedCharacters | ) | const

Returns a section from the start of the string that only contains a certain set of characters.

This returns the leftmost section of the string, up to (and not including) the first character that doesn't appear in the string passed in.

Definition at line 1778 of file juce_String.cpp.

## initialSectionNotContaining()

String juce::String::initialSectionNotContaining | ( | StringRef | charactersToStopAt | ) | const

Returns a section from the start of the string that only contains a certain set of characters.

This returns the leftmost section of the string, up to (and not including) the first character that occurs in the string passed in. (If none of the specified characters are found in the string, the return value will just be the original string).

Definition at line 1787 of file juce_String.cpp.

## isEmpty()

bool juce::String::isEmpty | ( |  | ) | const

inline noexcept

Returns true if the string contains no characters. Note that there's also an isNotEmpty() method to help write readable code.

See also
  containsNonWhitespaceChars()

Definition at line 310 of file juce_String.h.

Referenced by juce::ZipFile::Builder::addFile(), juce::AudioDeviceManager::addMidiInputDeviceCallback(), juce::AndroidDocumentInputSource::createInputStreamFor(), equalsIgnoreCase(), equalsIgnoreCase(), juce::MidiMessage::getDescription(), getLastCharacter(), juce::StringPool::getPooledString(), juce::File::isAChildOf(), operator+=(), quoted(), removeCharacters(), retainCharacters(), juce::AudioDeviceManager::setAudioDeviceSetup(), and juce::JSONUtils::setPointer().

## isNotEmpty()

bool juce::String::isNotEmpty | ( |  | ) | const

inline noexcept

Returns true if the string contains at least one character. Note that there's also an isEmpty() method to help write readable code.

See also
  containsNonWhitespaceChars()

Definition at line 316 of file juce_String.h.

Referenced by juce::ZipFile::Builder::addEntry(), juce::Identifier::Identifier(), juce::URL::isProbablyAWebsiteURL(), juce::UndoManager::perform(), juce::ConsoleApplication::printCommandDetails(), juce::AudioDeviceManager::setAudioDeviceSetup(), juce::AudioDeviceManager::setDefaultMidiOutputDevice(), juce::ValueTree::setPropertyExcludingListener(), trim(), trimCharactersAtEnd(), trimEnd(), trimStart(), juce::ValueTree::ValueTree(), and juce::XmlElement::writeTo().

## isQuotedString()

bool juce::String::isQuotedString | ( |  | ) | const

Checks whether the string might be in quotation marks.

Returns
  true if the string begins with a quote character (either a double or single quote). It is also true if there is whitespace before the quote, but it doesn't check the end of the string.

See also
  unquoted, quoted

Definition at line 1610 of file juce_String.cpp.

## lastIndexOf()

int juce::String::lastIndexOf | ( | StringRef | textToLookFor | ) | const

noexcept

Searches for a substring inside this string (working backwards from the end of the string). Uses a case-sensitive comparison.

Returns
  the index of the start of the last occurrence of the substring within this string, or -1 if it's not found. If textToLookFor is an empty string, this will always return -1.

Definition at line 979 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by fromLastOccurrenceOf(), and upToLastOccurrenceOf().

## lastIndexOfAnyOf()

int juce::String::lastIndexOfAnyOf | ( | StringRef | charactersToLookFor,
|  | bool | ignoreCase = false ) const

noexcept

Returns the index of the last character in this string that matches one of the characters passed-in to this method.

This scans the string backwards, starting from its end, and if it finds a character that appears in the string charactersToLookFor, it returns its index.

If none of these characters are found, it returns -1.

If ignoreCase is true, the comparison will be case-insensitive.

See also
  lastIndexOf, indexOfAnyOf

Definition at line 1023 of file juce_String.cpp.

## lastIndexOfChar()

int juce::String::lastIndexOfChar | ( | juce_wchar | character | ) | const

noexcept

Searches for a character inside this string (working backwards from the end of the string). Uses a case-sensitive comparison.

Returns
  the index of the last occurrence of the character in this string, or -1 if it's not found.

Definition at line 899 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::File::getFileExtension(), juce::File::getFileNameWithoutExtension(), and juce::URL::isProbablyAnEmailAddress().

## lastIndexOfIgnoreCase()

int juce::String::lastIndexOfIgnoreCase | ( | StringRef | textToLookFor | ) | const

noexcept

Searches for a substring inside this string (working backwards from the end of the string). Uses a case-insensitive comparison.

Returns
  the index of the start of the last occurrence of the substring within this string, or -1 if it's not found. If textToLookFor is an empty string, this will always return -1.

Definition at line 1001 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by fromLastOccurrenceOf(), and upToLastOccurrenceOf().

## length()

int juce::String::length | ( |  | ) | const

noexcept

Returns the number of characters in the string.

Definition at line 511 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::File::createLegalFileName(), dropLastCharacters(), juce::AudioChannelSet::getChannelTypeFromAbbreviation(), getLastCharacter(), getLastCharacters(), juce::File::isAChildOf(), lastIndexOf(), lastIndexOfIgnoreCase(), juce::JSONUtils::setPointer(), juce::MemoryBlock::toBase64Encoding(), juce::dsp::Matrix< ElementType >::toString(), and unquoted().

## matchesWildcard()

bool juce::String::matchesWildcard | ( | StringRef | wildcard,
|  | bool | ignoreCase ) const

noexcept

Returns true if the string matches this simple wildcard expression.

So for example String ("abcdef").matchesWildcard ("*DEF", true) would return true.

This isn't a full-blown regex though! The only wildcard characters supported are "*" and "?". It's mainly intended for filename pattern matching.

Definition at line 1141 of file juce_String.cpp.

## operator+=() [1/11]

String & juce::String::operator+= | ( | char | characterToAppend | ) |

Appends a character at the end of this string.

Definition at line 766 of file juce_String.cpp.

## operator+=() [2/11]

String & juce::String::operator+= | ( | const char * | textToAppend | ) |

Appends another string at the end of this one.

Definition at line 743 of file juce_String.cpp.

## operator+=() [3/11]

String & juce::String::operator+= | ( | const String & | stringToAppend | ) |

Appends another string at the end of this one.

Definition at line 749 of file juce_String.cpp.

## operator+=() [4/11]

String & juce::String::operator+= | ( | const wchar_t * | textToAppend | ) |

Appends another string at the end of this one.

Definition at line 737 of file juce_String.cpp.

## operator+=() [5/11]

String & juce::String::operator+= | ( | int | numberToAppend | ) |

Appends a decimal number at the end of this string.

Definition at line 806 of file juce_String.cpp.

## operator+=() [6/11]

String & juce::String::operator+= | ( | int64 | numberToAppend | ) |

Appends a decimal number at the end of this string.

Definition at line 808 of file juce_String.cpp.

## operator+=() [7/11]

String & juce::String::operator+= | ( | juce_wchar | characterToAppend | ) |

Appends a character at the end of this string.

## operator+=() [8/11]

String & juce::String::operator+= | ( | long | numberToAppend | ) |

Appends a decimal number at the end of this string.

Definition at line 807 of file juce_String.cpp.

## operator+=() [9/11]

String & juce::String::operator+= | ( | StringRef | textToAppend | ) |

Appends another string at the end of this one.

Definition at line 761 of file juce_String.cpp.

## operator+=() [10/11]

String & juce::String::operator+= | ( | uint64 | numberToAppend | ) |

Appends a decimal number at the end of this string.

Definition at line 809 of file juce_String.cpp.

## operator+=() [11/11]

String & juce::String::operator+= | ( | wchar_t | characterToAppend | ) |

Appends a character at the end of this string.

Definition at line 772 of file juce_String.cpp.

## operator=() [1/2]

String & juce::String::operator= | ( | const String & | other | ) |

noexcept

Replaces this string's contents with another string.

Definition at line 259 of file juce_String.cpp.

## operator=() [2/2]

String & juce::String::operator= | ( | String && | other | ) |

noexcept

Moves the contents of another string to the receiver

Definition at line 271 of file juce_String.cpp.

## operator[]()

juce_wchar juce::String::operator[] | ( | int | index | ) | const

noexcept

Returns the character at this index in the string. In a release build, no checks are made to see if the index is within a valid range, so be careful! In a debug build, the index is checked and an assertion fires if it's out-of-range.

Also beware that depending on the encoding format that the string is using internally, this method may execute in either O(1) or O(n) time, so be careful when using it in your algorithms. If you're scanning through a string to inspect its characters, you should never use this operator for random access, it's far more efficient to call getCharPointer() to return a pointer, and then to use that to iterate the string.

See also
  getCharPointer

Definition at line 526 of file juce_String.cpp.

## paddedLeft()

String juce::String::paddedLeft | ( | juce_wchar | padCharacter,
|  | int | minimumLength ) const

Returns a copy of this string with the specified character repeatedly added to its beginning until the total length is at least the minimum length specified.

Definition at line 1161 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::BigInteger::toString(), and juce::MACAddress::toString().

## paddedRight()

String juce::String::paddedRight | ( | juce_wchar | padCharacter,
|  | int | minimumLength ) const

Returns a copy of this string with the specified character repeatedly added to its end until the total length is at least the minimum length specified.

Definition at line 1188 of file juce_String.cpp.

## preallocateBytes()

void juce::String::preallocateBytes | ( | size_t | numBytesNeeded | ) |

Increases the string's internally allocated storage.

Although the string's contents won't be affected by this call, it will increase the amount of memory allocated internally for the string to grow into.

If you're about to make a large number of calls to methods such as += or <<, it's more efficient to preallocate enough extra space beforehand, so that these methods won't have to keep resizing the string to append the extra characters.

Parameters

  numBytesNeeded | the number of bytes to allocate storage for. If this value is less than the currently allocated size, it will have no effect.

Definition at line 284 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by appendCharPointer(), appendCharPointer(), appendCharPointer(), juce::StringArray::joinIntoString(), and juce::MemoryBlock::toBase64Encoding().

## quoted()

String juce::String::quoted | ( | juce_wchar | quoteCharacter = '"' | ) | const

Adds quotation marks around a string.

This will return a copy of the string with a quote at the start and end, (but won't add the quote if there's already one there, so it's safe to call this on strings that may already have quotes around them).

Note that this is a const method, and won't alter the string itself.

Parameters

  quoteCharacter | the character to add at the start and end

See also
  isQuotedString, unquoted

Definition at line 1624 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::FileSearchPath::toStringWithSeparator().

## removeCharacters()

String juce::String::removeCharacters | ( | StringRef | charactersToRemove | ) | const

Returns a version of this string with a set of characters removed.

This will return a copy of this string, omitting any characters which are found in the string passed-in.

e.g. for "1122334455", removeCharacters ("432") would return "1155"

Note that this is a const method, and won't alter the string itself.

Definition at line 1757 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::File::createLegalFileName(), juce::File::createLegalPathName(), and juce::IPAddress::getFormattedAddress().

## repeatedString()

String juce::String::repeatedString | ( | StringRef | stringToRepeat,
|  | int | numberOfTimesToRepeat )

static

Creates a string which is a version of a string repeated and joined together.

Parameters

  stringToRepeat | the string to repeat
  numberOfTimesToRepeat | how many times to repeat it

Definition at line 1147 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::IPAddress::getFormattedAddress(), and juce::File::getRelativePathFrom().

## replace()

String juce::String::replace | ( | StringRef | stringToReplace,
|  | StringRef | stringToInsertInstead,
|  | bool | ignoreCase = false ) const

Replaces all occurrences of a substring with another string.

Returns a copy of this string, with any occurrences of stringToReplace swapped for stringToInsertInstead.

Note that this is a const method, and won't alter the string itself.

Definition at line 1279 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::JSONUtils::setPointer().

## replaceCharacter()

String juce::String::replaceCharacter | ( | juce_wchar | characterToReplace,
|  | juce_wchar | characterToInsertInstead ) const

Returns a string with all occurrences of a character replaced with a different one.

Definition at line 1344 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::URL::removeEscapeChars().

## replaceCharacters()

String juce::String::replaceCharacters | ( | StringRef | charactersToReplace,
|  | StringRef | charactersToInsertInstead ) const

Replaces a set of characters with another set.

Returns a string in which each character from charactersToReplace has been replaced by the character at the equivalent position in newCharacters (so the two strings passed in must be the same length).

e.g. replaceCharacters ("abc", "def") replaces 'a' with 'd', 'b' with 'e', etc.

Note that this is a const method, and won't affect the string itself.

Definition at line 1367 of file juce_String.cpp.

## replaceFirstOccurrenceOf()

String juce::String::replaceFirstOccurrenceOf | ( | StringRef | stringToReplace,
|  | StringRef | stringToInsertInstead,
|  | bool | ignoreCase = false ) const

Replaces the first occurrence of a substring with another string.

Returns a copy of this string, with the first occurrence of stringToReplace swapped for stringToInsertInstead.

Note that this is a const method, and won't alter the string itself.

Definition at line 1297 of file juce_String.cpp.

## replaceSection()

String juce::String::replaceSection | ( | int | startIndex,
|  | int | numCharactersToReplace,
|  | StringRef | stringToInsert ) const

Replaces a sub-section of the string with another string.

This will return a copy of this string, with a set of characters from startIndex to startIndex + numCharsToReplace removed, and with a new string inserted in their place.

Note that this is a const method, and won't alter the string itself.

Parameters

  startIndex | the first character to remove. If this is beyond the bounds of the string, it will be constrained to a valid range.
  numCharactersToReplace | the number of characters to remove. If zero or less, no characters will be taken out.
  stringToInsert | the new string to insert at startIndex after the characters have been removed.

Definition at line 1218 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by replace(), and replaceFirstOccurrenceOf().

## retainCharacters()

String juce::String::retainCharacters | ( | StringRef | charactersToRetain | ) | const

Returns a version of this string that only retains a fixed set of characters.

This will return a copy of this string, omitting any characters which are not found in the string passed-in.

e.g. for "1122334455", retainCharacters ("432") would return "223344"

Note that this is a const method, and won't alter the string itself.

Definition at line 1735 of file juce_String.cpp.

## startsWith()

bool juce::String::startsWith | ( | StringRef | text | ) | const

noexcept

Tests whether the string begins with another string. If the parameter is an empty string, this will always return true. Uses a case-sensitive comparison.

Definition at line 1393 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::ChildProcessWorker::initialiseFromCommandLine(), juce::JSONUtils::setPointer(), and juce::URL::URL().

## startsWithChar()

bool juce::String::startsWithChar | ( | juce_wchar | character | ) | const

noexcept

Tests whether the string begins with a particular character. If the character is 0, this will always return false. Uses a case-sensitive comparison.

Definition at line 1403 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::AudioFormatManager::findFormatForFileExtension(), and quoted().

## startsWithIgnoreCase()

bool juce::String::startsWithIgnoreCase | ( | StringRef | text | ) | const

noexcept

Tests whether the string begins with another string. If the parameter is an empty string, this will always return true. Uses a case-insensitive comparison.

Definition at line 1398 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::URL::isProbablyAWebsiteURL().

## substring() [1/2]

String juce::String::substring | ( | int | startIndex | ) | const

Returns a section of the string, starting from a given position.

Parameters

  startIndex | the first character to include. If this is beyond the end of the string, an empty string is returned. If it is zero or less, the whole string is returned.

Returns
  the substring from startIndex up to the end of the string

See also
  dropLastCharacters, getLastCharacters, fromFirstOccurrenceOf, upToFirstOccurrenceOf, fromLastOccurrenceOf

Definition at line 1537 of file juce_String.cpp.

## substring() [2/2]

String juce::String::substring | ( | int | startIndex,
|  | int | endIndex ) const

Returns a subsection of the string.

If the range specified is beyond the limits of the string, as much as possible is returned.

Parameters

  startIndex | the index of the start of the substring needed
  endIndex | all characters from startIndex up to (but not including) this index are returned

See also
  fromFirstOccurrenceOf, dropLastCharacters, getLastCharacters, upToFirstOccurrenceOf

Definition at line 1498 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::File::createLegalPathName(), fromFirstOccurrenceOf(), fromLastOccurrenceOf(), juce::File::getFileName(), juce::URL::getScheme(), juce::Time::getTimeZone(), juce::File::hasFileExtension(), unquoted(), upToFirstOccurrenceOf(), upToLastOccurrenceOf(), and juce::URL::withNewSubPath().

## swapWith()

void juce::String::swapWith | ( | String & | other | ) |

noexcept

Swaps the contents of this string with another one. This is a very fast operation, as no allocation or copying needs to be done.

Definition at line 248 of file juce_String.cpp.

## toDecimalStringWithSignificantFigures()

template<typename DecimalType>

String juce::String::toDecimalStringWithSignificantFigures | ( | DecimalType | number,
|  | int | numberOfSignificantFigures )

inline static

Returns a string containing a decimal with a set number of significant figures.

Parameters

  number | the input number
  numberOfSignificantFigures | the number of significant figures to use

Definition at line 1116 of file juce_String.h.

## toHexString() [1/2]

String juce::String::toHexString | ( | const void * | data,
|  | int | size,
|  | int | groupSize = 1 )

static

Returns a string containing a hex dump of a block of binary data.

Parameters

  data | the binary data to use as input
  size | how many bytes of data to use
  groupSize | how many bytes are grouped together before inserting a space into the output. e.g. group size 0 has no spaces, group size 1 looks like: "be a1 c2 ff", group size 2 looks like "bea1 c2ff".

Definition at line 1925 of file juce_String.cpp.

## toHexString() [2/2]

template<typename IntegerType>

String juce::String::toHexString | ( | IntegerType | number | ) |

inline static

Returns a string representing this numeric value in hexadecimal.

Definition at line 1097 of file juce_String.h.

Referenced by juce::File::createTempFile(), juce::MidiMessage::getDescription(), juce::SystemStats::getMachineIdentifiers(), juce::SystemStats::getStackBacktrace(), juce::ChildProcessCoordinator::launchWorkerProcess(), juce::UnitTestRunner::runTests(), toHexString(), juce::IPAddress::toString(), and juce::MACAddress::toString().

## toLowerCase()

String juce::String::toLowerCase | ( |  | ) | const

Returns an lower-case version of this string.

Definition at line 1474 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::Expression::withRenamedSymbol().

## toRawUTF8()

const char * juce::String::toRawUTF8 | ( |  | ) | const

Returns a pointer to a UTF-8 version of this string.

Because it returns a reference to the string's internal data, the pointer that is returned must not be stored anywhere, as it can be deleted whenever the string changes.

To find out how many bytes you need to store this string as UTF-8, you can call CharPointer_UTF8::getBytesRequiredFor (myString.getCharPointer())

See also
  getCharPointer, toUTF8, toUTF16, toUTF32

Definition at line 2074 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::URL::addEscapeChars(), juce::File::createSymbolicLink(), juce::Base64::toBase64(), juce::URL::withPOSTData(), juce::OutputStream::writeString(), and juce::OutputStream::writeText().

## toStdString()

std::string juce::String::toStdString | ( |  | ) | const

Definition at line 2084 of file juce_String.cpp.

## toUpperCase()

String juce::String::toUpperCase | ( |  | ) | const

Returns an upper-case version of this string.

Definition at line 1456 of file juce_String.cpp.

## toUTF16()

CharPointer_UTF16 juce::String::toUTF16 | ( |  | ) | const

Returns a pointer to a UTF-16 version of this string.

Because it returns a reference to the string's internal data, the pointer that is returned must not be stored anywhere, as it can be deleted whenever the string changes.

To find out how many bytes you need to store this string as UTF-16, you can call CharPointer_UTF16::getBytesRequiredFor (myString.getCharPointer())

See also
  getCharPointer, toUTF8, toUTF32

Definition at line 2071 of file juce_String.cpp.

## toUTF32()

CharPointer_UTF32 juce::String::toUTF32 | ( |  | ) | const

Returns a pointer to a UTF-32 version of this string.

Because it returns a reference to the string's internal data, the pointer that is returned must not be stored anywhere, as it can be deleted whenever the string changes.

See also
  getCharPointer, toUTF8, toUTF16

Definition at line 2072 of file juce_String.cpp.

## toUTF8()

CharPointer_UTF8 juce::String::toUTF8 | ( |  | ) | const

Returns a pointer to a UTF-8 version of this string.

Because it returns a reference to the string's internal data, the pointer that is returned must not be stored anywhere, as it can be deleted whenever the string changes.

To find out how many bytes you need to store this string as UTF-8, you can call CharPointer_UTF8::getBytesRequiredFor (myString.getCharPointer())

See also
  toRawUTF8, getCharPointer, toUTF16, toUTF32

Definition at line 2070 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by toRawUTF8().

## toWideCharPointer()

const wchar_t * juce::String::toWideCharPointer | ( |  | ) | const

Returns a pointer to a wchar_t version of this string.

Because it returns a reference to the string's internal data, the pointer that is returned must not be stored anywhere, as it can be deleted whenever the string changes.

Bear in mind that the wchar_t type is different on different platforms, so on Windows, this will be equivalent to calling toUTF16(), on unix it'll be the same as calling toUTF32(), etc.

See also
  getCharPointer, toUTF8, toUTF16, toUTF32

Definition at line 2079 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::File::createSymbolicLink().

## trim()

String juce::String::trim | ( |  | ) | const

Returns a copy of this string with any whitespace characters removed from the start and end.

Definition at line 1656 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::JUCEApplicationBase::getCommandLineParameters(), and juce::ChildProcessWorker::initialiseFromCommandLine().

## trimCharactersAtEnd()

String juce::String::trimCharactersAtEnd | ( | StringRef | charactersToTrim | ) | const

Returns a copy of this string, having removed a specified set of characters from its end. Characters are removed from the end of the string until it finds one that is not in the specified set, and then it stops.

Parameters

  charactersToTrim | the set of characters to remove.

See also
  trim, trimEnd, trimCharactersAtStart

Definition at line 1711 of file juce_String.cpp.

## trimCharactersAtStart()

String juce::String::trimCharactersAtStart | ( | StringRef | charactersToTrim | ) | const

Returns a copy of this string, having removed a specified set of characters from its start. Characters are removed from the start of the string until it finds one that is not in the specified set, and then it stops.

Parameters

  charactersToTrim | the set of characters to remove.

See also
  trim, trimStart, trimCharactersAtEnd

Definition at line 1701 of file juce_String.cpp.

## trimEnd()

String juce::String::trimEnd | ( |  | ) | const

Returns a copy of this string with any whitespace characters removed from the end.

Definition at line 1687 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::ChannelRemappingAudioSource::createXml(), juce::File::hasFileExtension(), and juce::Time::toString().

## trimStart()

String juce::String::trimStart | ( |  | ) | const

Returns a copy of this string with any whitespace characters removed from the start.

Definition at line 1674 of file juce_String.cpp.

## unquoted()

String juce::String::unquoted | ( |  | ) | const

Removes quotation marks from around the string, (if there are any).

Returns a copy of this string with any quotes removed from its ends. Quotes that aren't at the ends of the string are not affected. If there aren't any quotes, the original string is returned.

Note that this is a const method, and won't alter the string itself.

See also
  isQuotedString, quoted

Definition at line 1615 of file juce_String.cpp.

## upToFirstOccurrenceOf()

String juce::String::upToFirstOccurrenceOf | ( | StringRef | substringToEndWith,
|  | bool | includeSubStringInResult,
|  | bool | ignoreCase ) const

Returns the start of this string, up to the first occurrence of a substring.

This will search for the first occurrence of a given substring, and then return a copy of the string, up to the position of this substring, optionally including or excluding the substring itself in the result.

e.g. for the string "123456", upTo ("34", false) would return "12", and upTo ("34", true) would return "1234".

If the substring isn't found, this will return the whole of the original string.

See also
  upToLastOccurrenceOf, fromFirstOccurrenceOf

Definition at line 1585 of file juce_String.cpp.

Referenced by juce::XmlElement::getNamespace(), juce::ChildProcessWorker::initialiseFromCommandLine(), and juce::URL::isProbablyAWebsiteURL().

## upToLastOccurrenceOf()

String juce::String::upToLastOccurrenceOf | ( | StringRef | substringToFind,
|  | bool | includeSubStringInResult,
|  | bool | ignoreCase ) const

Returns the start of this string, up to the last occurrence of a substring.

Similar to upToFirstOccurrenceOf(), but this finds the last occurrence rather than the first. If the substring isn't found, this will return the whole of the original string.

See also
  upToFirstOccurrenceOf, fromFirstOccurrenceOf

Definition at line 1595 of file juce_String.cpp.

The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:

- juce_String.h
- juce_String.cpp