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OpenCSD - An open source CoreSight(tm) Trace Decode library

This library provides an API suitable for the decode of ARM(r) CoreSight(tm) trace streams.

The library will decode formatted trace in three stages:

1. Frame Deformatting : Removal CoreSight frame formatting from individual trace streams.
2. Packet Processing : Separate individual trace streams into discrete packets.
3. Packet Decode : Convert the packets into fully decoded trace describing the program flow on a core.

The library is implemented in C++ with an optional "C" API.

# Library Versioning

From version 0.4, library versioning will use a semantic versioning format (per http://semver.org) of the form Major.minor.patch (M.m.p).

Internal library version calls, documentation and git repository will use this format moving forwards. Where a patch version is not quoted, or quoted as .x then comments will apply to the entire release.

Releases will be at M.m.0, with patch version incremented for bugfixes or documentation updates.

Releases will appear on the master branch in the git repository with an appropriate version tag.

# CoreSight Trace Component Support.

Current Version 1.5.5

## Current support:

- ETE (v1.3) instruction trace - packet processing and packet decode.
- ETMv4 (v4.6 [A/R profile] v4.4 [M profile]) instruction trace - packet processing and packet decode.
- PTM (v1.1) instruction trace - packet processing and packet decode.
- ETMv3 (v3.5) instruction trace - packet processing and packet decode.
- ETMv3 (v3.5) data trace - packet processing.
- STM (v1.1) software trace - packet processing and packet decode.
- External Decoders - support for addition of external / custom decoders into the library.

## Support to be added:

- ITM software trace - packet processing and decode.
- ETMv3 data trace - packet decode.
- ETMv4 data trace - packet processing and decode.

Note: for ITM and STM, packet decode is combining Master+Channel+Marker+Payload packets into a single generic output packet.

# Note on the Git Repository.

This git repository for OpenCSD contains only source for the OpenCSD decoder library. From version 0.4, releases appear as versioned tags on the master branch.

CoreSight kernel drivers and perf suport for CoreSight trace is maintained in the latest upstream kernel versions.

One exception is a minor patch required for autoFDO support. See autofdo.md.

# Documentation

API Documentation is provided inline in the source header files, which use the doxygen standard mark-up. Run `doxygen` on the `./doxygen_config.dox` file located in the `./docs` directory..

    doxygen ./doxygen_config.dox

This will produce the documentation in the `./docs/html` directory. The doxygen configuration also includes the `*.md` files as part of the documentation.

# Application Programming using the Library

See the programmers guide for details on usage of the library in custom applications. (`./docs/prog_guide/prog_guide_main.md`).

# Building and Installing the Library

See build_libs.md in the `./docs` directory for build details.

The linux build makefile now contains options to install the library for a linux environment.

# How the Library is used in Linux `perf`

The library and additional infrastructure for programming CoreSight components has been integrated with the standard linux perfomance analysis tool `perf`.

See HOWTO.md for details.

# How to use the Library, perf and Trace for AutoFDO

Capturing trace using perf and decoding using the library can generate profiles for AutoFDO.

See autofdo.md for details and scripts.

(`./tests/auto-fdo/autofdo.md`).

# Version and Modification Information

- Version 0.001: Library development - tested with `perf` tools integration - BKK16, 8th March 2016
- Version 0.002: Library development - added in PTM decoder support. Restructure header dir, replaced ARM rctdl prefix with opencsd/ocsd.
- Version 0.003: Library development - added in ETMv3 instruction decoder support.
- Version 0.4 : Library development - updated decode tree and C-API for generic decoder handling. Switch to semantic versioning.
- Version 0.4.1: Minor Update & Bugfixes - fix to PTM decoder, ID checking on test program, adds NULL_TS support in STM packet processor.
- Version 0.4.2: Minor Update - Update to documentation for perf usage in 4.8 kernel branch.
- Version 0.5.0: Library Development - external decoder support. STM full decode.
- Version 0.5.1: Minor Update & Bugfixes - Update HOWTO for kernel 4.9. Build fixes for parallel builds
- Version 0.5.2: Minor Update & Bugfixes - Update trace info packet string o/p + Cycle count packet bugfixes.
- Version 0.5.3: Doc update for using AutoFDO with ETM and additional timestamp and cycle count options.
- Version 0.5.4: Updates: X-compile for arm/arm64. Remove deprecated VS2010 builds. Bugfix: GCC inline semantics in debug build.
- Version 0.6.0: Packet printers moved from tests into the main library. C++ and C APIs updated to allow clients to use them. Update to allow perf to insert barrier packets (4xFSYNC) which the decoder can be made to use to reset the decode state.
- Version 0.6.1: Bugfix: instruction follower bug on A32 branch to T32.
- Version 0.7.0: Add handling for trace return stack feature to ETMv4 and PTM trace.
- Version 0.7.1: Bugfix: ETMv3 packet processor.
- Version 0.7.2: Bugfix: ETMv4 decoder - fix exact match packet address follower.
- Version 0.7.3: Bugfix: PTM decoder - issues with initialisation and ASYNC detection.
- Version 0.7.4: Notification of change of repository for perf extensions. gcc 6.x build fixes.
- Version 0.7.5: Bugfix: ETMv4 decoder memory leak. Linux build update - header dependencies force rebuild.
- Version 0.8.0: Header restructure and build update to enable linux version to install library and C-API headers in standard locations. Library output naming changed from 'cstraced' to 'opencsd'.
- Version 0.8.1: Minor updates: Use install tool to copy headers. Changes to HOWTO for perf usage.
- Version 0.8.2: Bugfix: C++ init errors fixed for CLANG build process.
- Version 0.8.3: Bugfix: ETMv4 decoder issues fixed.
- Version 0.8.4: build: makefile updates and improvements to get build process compatible with Debian packaging.
- Version 0.9.0: Performance improvements for perf: Additional info in instruction range output packet. Caching memory accesses. Added Programmers guide to documentation.
- Version 0.9.1: Bugfix: Crash during decode when first memory access is to address where no image provided.
- Version 0.9.2: Bugfix: ETMv4: Incorrect Exception number output for Genric exception packets. AutoFDO: update documentation for AutoFDO usage and add in "record.sh" script
- Version 0.9.3: Bugfix: Test snapshot library not handling 'offset' parameters in dump file sections. Install: ocsd_if_version.h moved to opencsd/include to allow installation on OS & use in compiling client apps.
- Version 0.10.0:
  - Updates: Add additional information about the last instruction to the generic output packet.
  - Docs: update docs for updated output packet.
  - Bugfix: typecast removed from OCSD_VER_NUM in ocsd_if_version.h to allow use in C pre-processor.
  - Bugfix: ETMV4: Interworking ISA change between A32-T32 occasionally missed during instruction decode.
- Version 0.10.1:
  - Updates: Build update - allow multi-thread make (make -j<N>).
  - Docs: Minor update to AutoFDO documentation.
- Version 0.11.0:
  - Update: ETM v4 decoder updated to support ETM version up to v4.4
  - Update: Memory access callback function - added new callback signature to provide TraceID to client when requesting memory.
  - Update: Created new example program to demonstrate using memory buffer in APIs.
  - Bugfix: Typos in docs and source.
  - Bugfix: Memory accessor - validate callback return values.
- Version 0.11.1:
  - Update: build:- change -fpic to -fPIC to allow Debian build on sparc.
  - Bugfix: build:- remove unused variable
- Version 0.11.2:
  - Update: docs:- HOWTO.md update to match new perf build requirements.
  - Bugfix: Minor spelling typos fixed.
- Version 0.12.0:
  - Update: Frame deformatter - TPIU FSYNC and HSYNC support added.
  - Update: ETM v4: Bugfix & clarification on Exception trace handling. Where exception occurs at a branch target before any instructions have been executed, the preferred return address is also the target address of the branch instruction. This case now includes as specific flag in the packet. Additionally any context change associated with this target address was being applied incorrectly.
  - _Update__: Core / Architecture mapping to core names as used by test programs / snapshots updated to include additional recent ARM cores.
  - Update: Docs: Update to reflect new exception flag. Update test program example to reflect latest output.
  - Bugfix: ETM v4: Valid trace info packet was not handled correctly (0x01, 0x00).
  - Bugfix: ETM v4: Error messaging on commit stack overflow.
- Version 0.12.1:
  - Update: build: remove -g option from release build.
  - Update: tests: Snapshots can now use generic arch+profile names rather than core names, e.g. ARMv8-A
  - Bugfix: Instruction decode - v8.3 B[L]A{A|B}[Z] instructions mis-identified. -__Bugfix__: Transition from A64 to A32 can be mis-decoded if the trace implementation represents the transition as an individual address packet followed by a context packet.
- Version 0.12.2:
  - Bugfix: Clean up memory leaks.
  - Bugfix: ETMv4: Ensure addressing history zeroed after TINFO.
  - Update: Allow GCC version to be included in build output path.
  - Bugfix: Packet printing update when WFI/WFE is P0 element.
- Version 0.13.x : Intermediate development version.
- Version 0.14.0:
  - Update: ETMv4 - decoder update & simplification to handle advanced trace features.
  - Update: ETMv4 - decoder support for speculative trace.
  - Update: Generic Elements: Additional information in EOT, UNSYNC, ON packets to give reason.
  - Update: Memaccess: Add EL2 secure memory space flag.
  - Update: Documentation: Updated for release changes and to reflect latest kernel version support for CoreSight.
  - Update: Perf helper scripts updated to reflect latest build flow.
  - Bugfix: Fix for component operational flag inputs.
- Version 0.14.1:
  - Update: ETMv4 - Add support for Q elements.
  - Bugfix: build: fix logic issue for && operator. (github issue #23, sumitted by yabinc)
- Version 0.14.2:
  - Update: Architecture versioning. Set enum tag values to make conversion to numeric version easier.
  - Update: I-decode: remove global temporary decode state data and replace with local instance data to make library more easily usable in multi-threaded programs.
  - Bugfix: I-decode: Some Thumb instructions not correctly reported as implied returns. (github issue #24, submitted by kongy).
- Version 0.14.3:
  - Update: Fix makefile to be compliant with RPM base distros. (github issue #26, submitted by jlinton)
  - Update: Add section to autofdo document.
  - Bugfix: STM: fix bug that was missing ASYNC packets. (github issue #27, reported by subhasish Karmakar)
- Version 0.14.4:
  - Update: makefile: Add DESTDIR to install targets. (github issue #30)
  - Update: tests: add script to run single test only.
  - Update: docs: update to location of ARM coresight driver backports directory.
  - Bugfix: ETMv3: Fix missing comma in string list. (github issue #31)
  - Bugfix: makefile: tests: Fix build race problem (github issue #32)
  - Bugfix: tests: fix ignore tpiu command line options (github issue #28)
- Version 1.0.0:
  - New Decode Protocol: Support added for the ETE protocol, used by ARM PEs that implement the FEAT_ETE feature. Supports new architectural features in this trace, including FEAT_TME.
  - Update: Output Elememts: New protocol defines two new output elements.
  - Update: Add support for WFIT / WFET instructions traced as P0 elements.
  - Update: Architecture versioning. Arch v8 + PEs may add features in a flexible manner, and ARM also declares future features ahead of architecture versions to allow support to be added. APIs requiring an architecture version can now use ARCH_AA64 to declare a version of v8.3 + additional features. This relaxes the strict versionnig rules that the decoder uses when looking for Opcodes as trace waypoints.
  - Update: docs: Add linux 'man' file and installation.
  - Bugfix: build: Fix clean install, and remove static lib build test from main makefile to dev makefile only. (github issue #33)
- Version 1.1.0:
  - Update: ETM v4.6 support.
  - Update: C-API - add API functions to get last error and convert error code to string.
  - Bugfix: ETMv4/ETE - fix loop problem in commit elements.
  - Bugfix: ETMv4/ETE - make error handling consistent.
  - Bugfix: Add Pull request #36 from github (Ross Burton)
  - Bugfix: Add Pull request #37 from github (Ian Rogers)
- Version 1.1.1:
  - Bugfix: Fix include and install for ETE decoder headers.
- Version 1.2.0:
  - Update: Add API for counting packet decode statistics, and Frame debmux statistics.
  - Update: Update test scripts to allow additional command line options to be passed.
  - Bugfix: Fix various build warnings.
  - Bugfix: Remove unused variable (github issue #38 from Yi Kong)
  - Bugfix: Remove noisy printf (James Clark)
  - Bugfix: Fix documentation issues (github issues #39 & #40 from rbresalier)
- Version 1.2.1:
  - Bugfix: ETM4x / ETE - output of context elements to client can in some circumstances be delayed until after subsequent atoms have been processed leading to incorrect memory decode access via the client callbacks. Fixed to flush context elements immediately they are committed.
- Version 1.3.0:
  - Admin: Dev versions now have patch versions at least +100 from root public version
  - Update: Add support for conditional branch (BC.cond) introduced for v8.8 / v9.3 architecture.
  - Update: ETE: Add support for NSE bit - security state bit defining Root / Realm states in FEAT_RME.
- Version 1.3.1:
  - Bugfix: Add header file in snapshot parser - fix build for certain libc++ libs (github issue #43 from manojgupta)
  - Bugfix: Fix typo in comment (github issue #42 from nothatDinger)
- Version 1.3.2:
  - Bugfix: ETM4x / ETE - 64 bit timestamp value - MS bit incorrectly masked to 1b0 during extraction from packet.
- Version 1.3.3:
  - Update: Add build directory for VS2022 build.
  - Update: Add test program for Coresight Frame Demux code
  - Bugfix: PTM: Fix incorrect extraction of Waypoint Address packet (github issue #48)
  - Bugfix: Frame Demux: Fix HSYNC, FSYNC and 4xFSYNC handling that was causing out-of-bounds reads on invalid data input. (issues #49, #50 and #51). Fixed error handling for incorrect number of FSYNC packets in 4xFSYNC frame reset code that was not triggering an error and allowing fun with mis-aligned input data.
  - Bugfix: Fix silent failure if incorrect config flags set when setting up frame demux modes.
- Version 1.4.0:
  - Update: ETE: Add support for Arch v9.4 FEAT_ITE. ETE v1p3, sw trace instrumentation. Adds in new generic output packet type: OCSD_GEN_TRC_ELEM_INSTRUMENTATION.
  - Bugfix: Fix memory leak in mispredict handling (github issue #52 from yabinc)
- Version 1.4.1:
  - Update: Test: Update test program trc_pkt_lister with option to have no logging output - final stats only.
  - Bugfix: ETM4x: ETE: Fix memory leak / use after free (github issues #53, #58 from yabinc)
  - Bugfix: C-API: Fix memory leak with output sink object. (github issue #55)
- Version 1.4.2:
  - Update: Decoder memory access - add debug features and cacheing to improve performance of decode. Caching controllable by API or environment variables.
  - Update: Decode debug options to control potential runaway debug when incorrect memory images input to decoder.
    - aarch64 instruction check for invalid instruction opcode. (any opcode with 0x0000 as top 16 bits).
    - optional instruction range maximum run limit. Set by environment variable.
  - Update: Remove VS2015 support.
  - Bugfix: Memory spaces: ensure that decoder memory requests are correctly labelled with Realm and root characteristics when appropriate.
  - Bugfix: M class tail chained interrupts now correctly handled.
  - Bugfix: STM: - fix master and channel ID initialisation (github issue #61 from MommeSherif)
  - Bugfix: Test: update HOWTO.md and perf-test-script.base for new paths (github issue #60 from yuxy-c)
  - Bugfix: build: Fix GCC version dir handling for versions of GCC > 9.
- Version 1.5.1:
  - Update: ETE: Add support for Arch 9.5 FEAT_PAUTH_LR. Add new instructions to disassembler to recognise RETA<k>SPPC variants as indirect branches. Adds new test snapshots.
- Version 1.5.2:
  - Update: docs: Update documentation for test programs.
  - Update: docs: Update trc_pkt_lister man file.
  - Bugfix: build: fix warnings building library.
  - Bugfix: tests: Fix typo in trc_pkt_lister help output.
- Version 1.5.3:
  - Update: tests: Add timing information to trc_pkt_lister program.
  - Update: memacc: Add external interface to set memacc cache parameters. Update test programs.
  - Bugfix: etm4x: fix packet print typo.
  - Bugfix: docs: Minor fixes to docs and man file.
  - Bugfix: build: minor fix for clang compatibility.
- Version 1.5.4:
  - Update: Add operation flags to allow clients to enable additional checking modes. Checks for inconsistencies in program image and incoming trace. Adds operational flags:
    - `OCSD_OPFLG_N_UNCOND_DIR_BR_CHK` - check for N atom on unconditional direct branches.
    - `OCSD_OPFLG_STRICT_N_UNCOND_BR_CHK` - check for N atom on all unconditional branches.
    - `OCSD_OPFLG_CHK_RANGE_CONTINUE` - Inconsistent range continuity on not taken branches.
  - Update: Add operational flag `ETM4_OPFLG_PKTDEC_AA64_OPCODE_CHK` to enable aa64 opcode checks.
- Version 1.5.5:
  - Bugfix: memacc: Fix for memacc objects created in decode tree not being released correctly.
  - Update: build: Add support for MacOS build / clang.

# Licence Information

This library is licensed under the BSD three clause licence.

A copy of this license is in the `LICENCE` file included with the source code.

# Contact

Using the github site: https://github.com/Linaro/OpenCSD

Mailing list: cores.nosp@m.ight.nosp@m.@list.nosp@m.s.li.nosp@m.naro..nosp@m.org