Mail::Transport::Send(3pm)

NAME
Mail::Transport::Send - send a message

INHERITANCE
 Mail::Transport::Send
   is a Mail::Transport
   is a Mail::Reporter

 Mail::Transport::Send is extended by
   Mail::Transport::Exim
   Mail::Transport::Mailx
   Mail::Transport::Qmail
   Mail::Transport::SMTP
   Mail::Transport::Sendmail

SYNOPSIS
  my $message = Mail::Message->new(...);

  # Some extensions implement sending:
  $message->send;
  $message->send(via => 'sendmail');

  my $sender = Mail::Transport::SMTP->new(...);
  $sender->send($message);

DESCRIPTION
Send a message to the destinations as specified in the header. The "Mail::Transport::Send" module is capable of autodetecting which of the following modules work on your system; you may simply call "send" without "via" options to get a message transported.

•   Mail::Transport::Sendmail

    Use sendmail to process and deliver the mail. This requires the "sendmail" program to be installed on your system. Whether this is an original sendmail, or a replacement from Postfix does matter.

•   Mail::Transport::Exim

    Use "exim" to distribute the message.

•   Mail::Transport::Qmail

    Use "qmail-inject" to distribute the message.

•   Mail::Transport::SMTP

    In this case, Perl is handling mail transport on its own. This is less desired but more portable than sending with sendmail or qmail. The advantage is that this sender is environment independent, and easier to configure. However, there is no daemon involved which means that your program will wait until the message is delivered, and the message is lost when your program is interrupted during delivery (which may take hours to complete).

•   Mail::Transport::Mailx

    Use the external "mail", "mailx", or "Mail" programs to send the message. Usually, the result is poor, because some versions of these programs do not support MIME headers. Besides, these programs are known to have exploitable security breaches.

Extends "DESCRIPTION" in Mail::Transport.

METHODS
Extends "METHODS" in Mail::Transport.

  Constructors
Extends "Constructors" in Mail::Transport.

$class->new(%options)
    Inherited, see "Constructors" in Mail::Reporter

     -Option    --Defined in     --Default
      executable  Mail::Transport  undef
      hostname    Mail::Transport  'localhost'
      interval    Mail::Transport  30
      password    Mail::Transport  undef
      port        Mail::Transport  undef
      proxy       Mail::Transport  undef
      retry       Mail::Transport  <unlimited>
      timeout     Mail::Transport  120
      username    Mail::Transport  undef
      via         Mail::Transport  'sendmail'

    executable => $file
    hostname => $host|\@hosts
    interval => $span
    password => $password
    port => $port
    proxy => $path
    retry => $count|undef
    timeout => $span
    username => $username
    via => CLASS|$name

  Attributes
Extends "Attributes" in Mail::Transport.

  Sending mail

$obj->destinations( $message, [$address|\@addresses] )
    Determine the destination for this message. If a valid $address is defined, this is used to overrule the addresses within the message. If the $address is "undef" it is ignored. It may also be an ARRAY of @addresses.

    If no $address is specified, the message is scanned for resent groups (see Mail::Message::Head::Complete::resentGroups()). The addresses found in the first (is latest added) group are used. If no resent groups are found, the normal "To", "Cc", and "Bcc" lines are taken.

$obj->putContent($message, $fh, %options)
    Print the content of the $message to the $fh.

    The content might not end with new-line. See Mail::Message::endsOnNewline()

     -Option     --Default
      body_only    false
      undisclosed  false

    body_only => BOOLEAN
        Print only the body of the message, not the whole.

    undisclosed => BOOLEAN
        Do not print the "Bcc" and "Resent-Bcc" lines. Default "false", which means that they are not printed.

$obj->send($message, %options)
    Transmit the $message, which may be anything what can be coerced into a Mail::Message, so including Mail::Internet and MIME::Entity messages. It returns "true" when the transmission was successfully completed.

     -Option  --Default
      interval  new(interval)
      retry     new(retry)
      to        undef

    interval => SECONDS
    retry => INTEGER
    to => STRING
        Overrules the destination(s) of the message, which is by default taken from the (Resent-)To, (Resent-)Cc, and (Resent-)Bcc.

$obj->trySend($message, %options)
    Try to send the message. This will return "true" if successful, and "false" in case some problems where detected. The $? contains the exit status of the command which was started.

  Server connection
Extends "Server connection" in Mail::Transport.

$obj->findBinary( $name, [@directories] )
    Inherited, see "Server connection" in Mail::Transport

$obj->remoteHost()
    Inherited, see "Server connection" in Mail::Transport

$obj->retry()
    Inherited, see "Server connection" in Mail::Transport

  Error handling
Extends "Error handling" in Mail::Transport.

$obj->AUTOLOAD()
    Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

$obj->notImplemented()
    Inherited, see "Error handling" in Mail::Reporter

  Cleanup
Extends "Cleanup" in Mail::Transport.

$obj->DESTROY()
    Inherited, see "Cleanup" in Mail::Reporter

DIAGNOSTICS

Error: class $package does not implement method $method.
    Fatal error: the specific $package (or one of its superclasses) does not implement this method where it should. This message means that some other related classes do implement this method however the class at hand does not. Probably you should investigate this and probably inform the author of the package. Cast by notImplemented()

Warning: message has no destination.
    It was not possible to figure-out where the message is intended to go to. Cast by destinations()

Warning: resent group does not specify a destination.
    The message which is sent is the result of a bounce (for instance created with Mail::Message::bounce()), and therefore starts with a "Received" header field. With the "bounce", the new destination(s) of the message are given, which should be included as "Resent-To", "Resent-Cc", and "Resent-Bcc".

    The "To", "Cc", and "Bcc" header information is only used if no "Received" was found. That seems to be the best explanation of the RFC.

    As alternative, you may also specify the "to" option to some of the senders (for instance Mail::Transport::SMTP::send(to) to overrule any information found in the message itself about the destination. Cast by destinations()

Error: transporters of type $class cannot send.
    The Mail::Transport object of the specified type can not send messages, but only receive message. Cast by trySend()

SEE ALSO
This module is part of Mail-Transport version 4.01, built on December 13, 2025. Website: http://perl.overmeer.net/CPAN/

LICENSE
For contributors see file ChangeLog.

This software is copyright (c) 2001-2025 by Mark Overmeer.

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.