\(\renewcommand{\AA}{\text{Å}}\)

# 11. Example scripts

The LAMMPS distribution includes an examples subdirectory with many sample problems. Many are 2d models that run quickly and are straightforward to visualize, requiring at most a couple of minutes to run on a desktop machine. Each problem has an input script (in.*) and produces a log file (log.*) when it runs. Some use a data file (data.*) of initial coordinates as additional input. A few sample log file run on different machines and different numbers of processors are included in the directories to compare your answers to. E.g. a log file like log.date.crack.foo.P means the “crack” example was run on P processors of machine “foo” on that date (i.e. with that version of LAMMPS).

Many of the input files have commented-out lines for creating dump files and image files.

If you uncomment the dump command in the input script, a text dump file will be produced, which can be animated by various visualization programs.

If you uncomment the dump image command in the input script, and assuming you have built LAMMPS with a JPG library, JPG snapshot images will be produced when the simulation runs. They can be quickly post-processed into a movie using commands described on the dump image doc page.

Animations of many of the examples can be viewed on the Movies section of the LAMMPS website.

There are two kinds of subdirectories in the examples folder. Lower case named directories contain one or a few simple, quick-to-run problems. Upper case named directories contain up to several complex scripts that illustrate a particular kind of simulation method or model. Some of these run for longer times, e.g. to measure a particular quantity.

Lists of both kinds of directories are given below.

## 11.1. Lowercase directories

airebo | polyethylene with AIREBO potential
amoeba | small water and bio models with AMOEBA and HIPPO potentials
atm | Axilrod-Teller-Muto potential example
balance | dynamic load balancing, 2d system
body | body particles, 2d system
bpm | simulations of solid elastic/plastic deformation and fracture
cmap | CMAP 5-body contributions to CHARMM force field
colloid | big colloid particles in a small particle solvent, 2d system
comb | models using the COMB potential
controller | use of fix controller as a thermostat
coreshell | core/shell model using CORESHELL package
crack | crack propagation in a 2d solid
deposit | deposit atoms and molecules on a surface
dipole | point dipolar particles, 2d system
dreiding | methanol via Dreiding FF
eim | NaCl using the EIM potential
ellipse | ellipsoidal particles in spherical solvent, 2d system
fire | examples for using minimization styles fire and quickmin
flow | Couette and Poiseuille flow in a 2d channel
friction | frictional contact of spherical asperities between 2d surfaces
gjf | examples for Gronbech-Jensen thermostats with large time step
granregion | use of fix wall/region/gran as boundary on granular particles
grid | use of commands which overlay grids on the simulation domain
hugoniostat | Hugoniostat shock dynamics
hyper | global and local hyperdynamics of diffusion on Pt surface
indent | spherical indenter into a 2d solid
kim | use of potentials from the OpenKIM Repository
mc | Monte Carlo features via fix gcmc, widom and other commands
mdi | use of the MDI package and MolSSI MDI code coupling library
meam | MEAM test for SiC and shear (same as shear examples)
melt | rapid melt of 3d LJ system
mesh | create_atoms mesh command examples
micelle | self-assembly of small lipid-like molecules into 2d bilayers
min | energy minimization of 2d LJ melt
mliap | examples for using several bundled ML-IAP potentials
msst | MSST shock dynamics
multi | multi neighboring for systems with large interaction disparities
nb3b | use of non-bonded 3-body harmonic pair style
neb | nudged elastic band (NEB) calculation for barrier finding
nemd | non-equilibrium MD of 2d sheared system
numdiff | get forces, virial, and Born matrix from numerical differences
obstacle | flow around two voids in a 2d channel
peptide | dynamics of a small solvated peptide chain (5-mer)
peri | Peridynamic model of cylinder impacted by indenter
pour | pouring of granular particles into a 3d box, then chute flow
prd | parallel replica dynamics of vacancy diffusion in bulk Si
python | using embedded Python in a LAMMPS input script
qeq | use of the QEQ package for charge equilibration
rdf-adf | computing radial and angle distribution functions for water
reaxff | RDX and TATB models and more using ReaxFF
replicate | use of replicate command
rerun | use of rerun and read_dump commands
rheo | RHEO simulations of fluid flows and phase transitions
rigid | rigid bodies modeled as independent or coupled
shear | sideways shear applied to 2d solid, with and without a void
snap | NVE dynamics for BCC tantalum crystal using SNAP potential
srd | stochastic rotation dynamics (SRD) particles as solvent
steinhardt | Steinhardt-Nelson Q_l and W_l parameters using orientorder/atom
streitz | use of Streitz/Mintmire potential with charge equilibration
stress_vcm | removing binned rigid body motion from binned stress profile
tad | temperature-accelerated dynamics of vacancy diffusion in bulk Si
tersoff | regression test input for Tersoff potential variants
threebody | regression test input for a variety of manybody potentials
tracker | track interactions in LJ melt
triclinic | general triclinic simulation boxes versus orthogonal boxes
ttm | two-temperature model examples
vashishta | use of the Vashishta potential
voronoi | Voronoi tesselation via compute voronoi/atom command
wall | use of reflective walls with different stochastic models
yaml | demonstrates use of yaml thermo and dump styles

Here is how you can run and visualize one of the sample problems:

    cd indent
    cp ../../src/lmp_linux .           # copy LAMMPS executable to this dir
    lmp_linux -in in.indent            # run the problem

Running the simulation produces the files dump.indent and log.lammps. You can visualize the dump file of snapshots with a variety of third-party tools highlighted on the Visualization page of the LAMMPS website.

If you uncomment the dump image line(s) in the input script a series of JPG images will be produced by the run (assuming you built LAMMPS with JPG support; see the Build_settings page for details). These can be viewed individually or turned into a movie or animated by tools like ImageMagick or QuickTime or various Windows-based tools. See the dump image page for more details. E.g. this Imagemagick command would create a GIF file suitable for viewing in a browser.

    % convert -loop 1 *.jpg foo.gif

## 11.2. Uppercase directories

ASPHERE | various aspherical particle models, using ellipsoids, rigid bodies, line/triangle particles, etc
COUPLE | examples of how to use LAMMPS as a library
DIFFUSE | compute diffusion coefficients via several methods
ELASTIC | compute elastic constants at zero temperature
ELASTIC_T | compute elastic constants at finite temperature
HEAT | compute thermal conductivity for LJ and water via fix ehex
KAPPA | compute thermal conductivity via several methods
LEPTON | use of fix efield/lepton
MC-LOOP | using LAMMPS in a Monte Carlo mode to relax the energy of a system in a input script loop
PACKAGES | examples for specific packages and contributed commands
QUANTUM | how to use LAMMPS in tandem with several quantum codes via the MDI code coupling library
SPIN | examples for features of the SPIN package
UNITS | examples that run the same simulation in lj, real, metal units
VISCOSITY | compute viscosity via several methods

Nearly all of these directories have README files which give more details on how to understand and use their contents.

The PACKAGES directory has a large number of subdirectories which correspond by name to specific packages. They contain scripts that illustrate how to use the command(s) provided in those packages. Many of the subdirectories have their own README files which give further instructions. See the Packages_details doc page for more info on specific packages.