# The Kubuntu Handbook

This documentation was converted from the &kde; UserBase Kubuntu page.
&FDLNotice;
2014-01-15
&kde; SC 4.13

KDE

## Документація з Kubuntu

Типова стільниця Kubuntu

Типова стільниця Kubuntu

Початок — короткий огляд Kubuntu, &Linux;, KDE та місця дистрибутива у спільноті Ubuntu

Встановлення — Як встановити Kubuntu

Основи —

Користування Kubuntu:

- Робота у мережі

- Кнопки запуску програм та кнопки виконання завдань

- Налаштовування стільниці, зокрема плазмоїдів, шрифтів, тем та обробки мультимедійних файлів

- Керування файлами для упорядковування та роботи з файлами і теками

Додаткові відомості —

Розширення можливостей Kubuntu:

- Керування програмним забезпеченням для встановлення і оновлення програм за допомогою програми з графічним інтерфейсом та командного рядка

- Робота зі сховищами з метою встановлення стороннього програмного забезпечення

Програми —

Докладно про встановлені і доступні програми

Власний внесок —

Як зробити &kubuntu; кращим

Підтримка —

Усі форми підтримки &kubuntu;

## Вступ до Kubuntu

Welcome to &kubuntu; it is a user-friendly &Linux;-based operating system that uses the KDE Plasma Desktop. With a predictable six-month release cycle as part of the &ubuntu; project, &kubuntu; is the &Linux; distribution for everyone.

### The Kubuntu Desktop

&kubuntu; includes more than 1,000 default packages (applications or utilities) and has access to more than 64,000 other packages to suit your needs. &kubuntu; is based on the &Linux; kernel, and includes the core &ubuntu; applications, as well as &kde; software. &kubuntu;'s core applications include software for the most common needs, like:

- Browsing the web.

- Personal Information Manager which includes email.

- Office applications.

- Playing multimedia files.

- Plus much more!

### The Kubuntu Philosophy

The team behind the &ubuntu; and &kubuntu; projects makes the following commitments to our users:

- &kubuntu; will always use the solid base of the &ubuntu; project, plus the latest from the &kde; project. As part of the &ubuntu; project and community, &kubuntu; will continue to use the infrastructure and support that the &ubuntu; project offers. We will strive to be the best &kde; based &Linux; distribution available.

- &kubuntu; will always be free of charge. There is no extra fee for an enterprise edition; we make our best work available to everyone on the same free terms.

- &kubuntu; will always include the best translations and accessibility infrastructure that the free software community has to offer, to make &kubuntu; usable by as many people as possible.

- &kubuntu; will always be committed to the principles of free software and open source development; we shall encourage people to use free and open source software, improve it, and pass it on.

## What is &Linux;?

&Linux; is an operating system kernel that resembles the &UNIX; operating system. The kernel is the main software required for any operating system, providing a communication bridge between hardware and software. &Linux; has become a leading element of the worldwide movement to embrace free and open source software. The term GNU/Linux is a way of referring to operating systems based on the &Linux; kernel combined with parts from the GNU Project.

Find out more about &Linux;:

- &Linux; Kernel

- &Linux; Wikipedia

## What is KDE?

&kde; is an international technology community that creates and supports free software for desktop and portable computing. Among &kde;'s products are a modern desktop system for &Linux; and &UNIX; platforms, comprehensive office productivity and groupware suites, as well as hundreds of software applications in various categories including internet and web applications, multimedia, entertainment, education, graphics, and software development. &kde; software is translated into more than 65 languages and is built for ease of use with modern accessibility principles in mind. &kde;'s full-featured applications run natively on &Linux;, BSD, Solaris, Windows, and &MacOS; X. The &kde; Workspace is the default desktop for &kubuntu;.

Find out more about KDE:

- KDE's website

- Article on Wikipedia

- KDE UserBase

## Подяки

Уся команда &kubuntu; вдячна вам за те, що ви вибрали &kubuntu;! Також дякуємо адміністраторам &kde; за надану можливість зберігати нашу документацію тут!

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## Встановлення

There are many good reasons to install &kubuntu;!

Some of them include:

- &kubuntu; makes your PC friendly.

- &kubuntu; is an operating system built by a friendly worldwide team of expert developers. It contains all the applications you need: a web browser, an office suite, media apps, an instant messaging client, and many others. For a list of the included software, see the Software page.

- &kubuntu; is a free, open-source alternative to Windows and &MacOS; X.

- Easily install beside, or instead of, Windows.

### Install Process

First, you will need to download &kubuntu;. See Get Kubuntu

Install Welcome Screen

Install Welcome Screen

When the installer starts you will see these options:

- Try out &kubuntu; without changing anything on your computer

- Install &kubuntu; on your computer.

#### Prepare

For the best result, ensure that:

- Your computer has enough room for &kubuntu; and your data - your songs, pictures, videos, and documents.

- Your computer is connected to the Internet so that you can download updates and third-party software as &kubuntu; is installing.

Install Prepare Screen

Install Prepare Screen

Include this third-party software includes software that either does not follow the Open Source model or the Ubuntu Philosophy, but is safe for use on your system.

Download updates while installing will ensure that you have the latest bug and security fixes included and applied once the installation is complete.

#### Disk Setup

Disk Setup Screen

Disk Setup Screen

This is where you choose how to organize your hard drive. This step is the most complicated and consequential in the entire install process, so take your time.

You will be able to change your mind and go back until the Install Now button is clicked.

The following sections are some possible installation scenarios you might choose. Each of these choices points to a page or series of pages with more details. For each option (except Manual), the installer asks which hard drive to use. After choosing, you will see a before and after layout on that hard drive.

##### Resize

This will resize the partitions for you and install &kubuntu; on the free space. With this option you can create what is called a dual-boot and choose which OS to boot into at startup.

Dual Boot

Dual Boot

This is available only if at least 25GB can be freed.

##### Use entire disk

In this scenario the installer will create two(2) partitions on your hard drive. One(1) for the root, home, and everything else and one(1) for the swap.

This option will completely erase your hard drive. You will lose any operating systems (Windows, &MacOS; X, &Linux;, &etc;) and all your data that is stored on that drive.

##### Use entire disk and set up LVM

More about LVM

##### Use entire disk and set up encrypted LVM

More about encrypted file systems

##### Manual

When using Manual to set up your system as you would like it, keep these thoughts in mind:

- The root ( / ) directory needs at least 25 GBs of space.

- The home ( /home ) directory needs as much space as you will need for your files, music, pictures and documents. So it is best to use the remaining space for the home partition, unless you have going to dual boot.

- Swap space of at least half of the available RAM is recommended. For instance, with 8 GBs, make the swap with at least 4 GBs.

For more detailed information regarding the Disk Setup of a linux system you can check the DiskSpace page.

#### Timezone

During this step you get to pick the Region where you live and then the Timezone of the location in that Region. An example would be that I live in New York, so my Region is North America and my Timezone is New York.

Timezone Screen

Timezone Screen

#### Keyboard

This is the step that will set up your keyboard's language and, if the language has it, a different version of the language. For example, there is a Cherokee American English setting as well as different setups with special keys used in certain countries; in &kubuntu; we try to make the system easy for everyone!

Keyboard Screen

Keyboard Screen

#### User Info

At this step of the installation you will be putting in user information like your name, username, and password. The password will be your key to logging into your new installation as well as installing new software, updating your system, and more, so keep it written down somewhere!

User Info Screen

User Info Screen

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## Основи

This section of the Documentation will cover the components available within &kubuntu; to meet your desired functionality and make &kubuntu; your own.

### Networking

This section will help you connect to the internet.

#### Wired

In most cases the wired network connection will simply work without any changes to the default &kubuntu; configuration. Wired network connections are selected as default when they are available.

#### Wireless

Most wireless cards are supported out of the box by &kubuntu;. However, in some cases, the wireless network device may need a restricted driver in order to operate. The best way to check this is to open the jockey-kde application (also known as 'Additional Drivers'). To open this program, click the Kickoff Launcher and search for Additional Drivers. If the device needs a restricted driver, then jockey-kde can help with selecting, installing, and activating the proper driver. Once this is all handled, the system will need to be rebooted. For more information on troubleshooting Wi-Fi on your system, see Wireless Troubleshooting.

### Launchers

#### Kickoff

As a &kde; distribution, &kubuntu; uses the Kickoff Application Launcher by default. The Kickoff Launcher can be compared with the 'Start Menu' in Windows (pre Windows 8). The icon to launch Kickoff is on the bottom left very much like Windows XP or 7. For more information on how to use and customize it, see Plasma Kickoff.

#### KRunner

Like Kickoff, KRunner is a launcher, but it does a lot more than just launching applications. Usually KRunner is accessed by pressing &Alt;F2. For more information on what it can do, see Plasma Krunner.

### Desktop Customization

This section covers the basics of configuring &kubuntu; to suit your needs. One of the strengths of the &kde; philosophy is the focus on control of just about every aspect of the desktop environment. Wallpapers, themes, widgets, color schemes, splash screens, and more; the options for customization are endless.

KDE-Look is the number one location to find customized settings for the &kde; Plasma desktop. Some of the applications even allow direct connections to KDE-Look to download a new configuration or image.

#### Themes

&kubuntu; allows themes to be changed easily. Open System Settings and choose Workspace Appearance in the Workspace Appearance and Behavior section, then choose from the list of installed themes. You can change the theme of the Window Decoration, Cursor Theme, Desktop Theme, and the Splash Screen. Pick from the default choices that are installed, or left-click the 'Get New...' button in each section for more choices.

#### Plasmoids

Plasmoids (also called Widgets) can be added by right-clicking the desktop and selecting Add Widgets..., which will bring up a list of Widgets. For more information, see Plasma Widgets.

#### Panel

By right-clicking on the desktop once again, you can select Add Panel to get more panels. You can left-click the button on the far right side of the panel to alter the properties of the panel, like changing its height or width or adding Widgets, for example. For more information, see Plasma Panels.

#### Dolphin

&dolphin; is the default file manager in &kubuntu; and can be compared with Windows Explorer. &dolphin; looks simple because of great design, while having many powerful features. For more information, see Dolphin.

### Updating

&kubuntu; developers release feature and security updates for applications and packages within the &kubuntu; system. When updates become available, &kubuntu; will display a message in the System Tray. To update the system, open Muon Update Manager and click the Install updates button. After installing some updates, it may be necessary to restart the computer. If so, &kubuntu; will display a pop-up and an icon in the System Tray.

Return to Kubuntu Home

## Додаткові відомості

Подальше покращення вашої встановленої &kubuntu; можна здійснити за допомогою встановлення додаткових пакунків із програмним забезпеченням. Нижче наведено декілька способів встановлення нових пакунків (програм).

### Керування програмним забезпеченням

У &kubuntu; передбачено декілька способів керування програмним забезпеченням. Зручним засобом додавання або вилучення програм є програма для керування пакунками.

#### Клієнтські програми з графічним інтерфейсом

By default &kubuntu; comes with a great package manager called Muon. Muon is an advanced program with a graphical user interface (GUI) for installing and removing applications.

It will automatically notify you for updates (in the lower right hand corner), but you can use it at anytime to install new packages by going to Kickoff Computer Muon Discover or by typing Muon into the Search bar at the top of the Kickoff launcher. Select Muon Discover from the results.

If you prefer the Ubuntu-style Software Center you will need to install it from within Muon.

Both package managers might provide information about required dependencies, these are other packages (programs) that the piece of software that you want to install needs to run. Once this information is acknowledged, the required packages will begin downloading. When the installation process is complete, the software will be ready to use. It is rarely necessary to restart the system after software installation or updates. If it is, the system will warn you and give you a restart icon to do the restart at your convenience.

Muon also provides an easy method to remove software that is no longer needed.

Start Muon Discover with Kickoff Application Launcher (K menu), click on 'Installed' and find the application you want to remove. Click 'Remove' and Muon Discover will remove the application.

You can search for applications with the search box on the top and the categories below the bar. The application information will be displayed in the large white space below the search area. Click on the application title to be installed. Click the 'Install' button to start the installation process.

#### Repositories

Thousands of programs are freely available to install in &kubuntu;. These programs are stored in software archives (repositories) and are made available for installation over the Internet. Installing new programs in &kubuntu; is quick, reliable, and secure because each program is built specifically for &kubuntu; and is checked thoroughly before it is made available. &kubuntu; repositories are categorized into four groups:

- Main

- Restricted

- Universe

- Multiverse

Two factors are used to determine categories:

- The level of support provided for a program by its software development teams.

- The level of compliance the program has to the Ubuntu Free Software Philosophy

More information about the Repositories is available on the Ubuntu Community Help Wiki on Repositories website.

The standard &kubuntu; LiveDVD contains some software from the Main and Restricted categories. Once a system has information about the Internet-based locations for these repositories, more programs are available for installation. Using the software package management tools installed by default, it is possible to discover, install, and update any piece of software directly over the internet without the need for the LiveDVD.

For more information about managing repositories, click on Managing Repositories

#### PPAs (Personal Package Archive)

Personal Package Archives allow any person in the Ubuntu community who has committed to observe the Ubuntu Code of Conduct to upload Ubuntu source packages to be built and published as an apt repository by Launchpad. Software from Launchpad's Personal Package Archive (PPA) requires a GnuPG (GPG) key so your system can verify that it's getting the packages from the correct source and that the packages have not been interfered with since they were built. GnuPG is GNU's tool for secure communication and data storage.

The contents of Personal Package Archives are not checked or monitored. You install software from them at your own risk.

For more information about PPAs, see Managing Personal Package Archives.

#### Install/Uninstall .deb files

The package files associated with &kubuntu; have the .deb suffix because of &kubuntu;'s close relationship with the Debian GNU/Linux distribution. Individual .deb files can be downloaded and installed. Humble Bundles, for instance, distribute debs. Administrative privileges are required.

Simply left-click on the .deb file to initiate the installation process. A prompt will appear for a password associated with the necessary administrative privilege.

### Install from Source

Files with the .tar.gz or .tar.bz2 suffix are package files known as tarballs or source packages. These are widely used in &Linux;. If there is no native &kubuntu; package available in any of the repositories, it may be possible to compile and install the package from source. For tips on compiling software, look at the Compiling Software page on the Ubuntu Wiki.

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## Програмне забезпечення

Short guide to the software which is included in your &kubuntu; installation.

### Graphics

Some basic graphics applications are installed in &kubuntu; by default, allowing you to create, view, scan, and manipulate images. The following applications are installed by default:

- Okular is a universal document viewer for many kinds of documents: PDF, Postscript, !DjVu, CHM, XPS, ePub and others.

- LibreOffice Draw is an all-purpose diagramming and charting tool which lets you produce anything from a quick sketch to a complex plan, and gives you the means to communicate with graphics and diagrams. With a maximum page size of 300cm by 300cm, Draw is a an excellent package for producing technical drawings, general posters, and much else.

- Skanlite is a simple image scanning application.

- Gwenview is an image viewer with many features.

- Kamoso is a webcam recorder from the KDE community.

- KSnapshot is the best at desktop screenshots, simple and sweet.

### Internet

&kubuntu; will get you online.

#### Browsers

Firefox is the default browser shipped with &kubuntu;, the most popular open-source browser in the world. For more information on how to use Firefox see the Firefox Help Page.

##### Export your bookmarks

To export your bookmarks from Rekonq or &konqueror;, launch keditbookmarks

1. Click on the Application launcher

2. Type keditbookmarks in the search bar

3. Click on the executable action that appears

4. A new window will appear. You can now export your bookmarks via theExport to HTML option under File > Export

5. Note where you save your bookmarks (by default in ~/yourfoldername)

##### Import your bookmarks into Firefox

Click for guide to importing your bookmarks into Firefox.

#### Email Clients

There are many options when it comes to email clients. In &kubuntu;, Kmail is default email client, either as a stand-alone client or as part of the &kontact; personal information manager (PIM).

Kmail is the email component of &kontact;, the &kde; personal information manager (PIM). Kmail by itself is similar in functionality to other popular email programs, while &kontact; is as full-featured as the fanciest personal information managers (PIMs), as it can be configured with calendars, address books, notes, an RSS reader, time tracking, journals and simple project planning. The following are just some of the features of Kmail:

- IMAP, POP3, SMTP support

- SSL, TLS, and Digest-md5 secure logon support

- PGP and GNUPG signatures and encryption support

- HTML reading, spam filtering, internal character sets, search and filter functions, spell checking, and

robust searching. More information on Kmail can be found in the KMail documentation.

#### Chat Clients

Chatting with friends and family is a popular use of the internet, and &kubuntu; provides the necessary applications.

There are two default chat clients installed in &kubuntu; - KDE Telepathy for instant messaging, and Quassel for chatting on IRC (Internet Relay Chat).

- &kde; Telepathy is already installed and ready to configure.

- Quassel is the IRC (Internet Relay Chat) client pre-installed in &kubuntu;. Not only does it provide functions similar to those of other popular IRC clients such as Konversation, or X-chat, its design emphasizes ease of use. Quassel includes tabbed browsing and notification of messages and other events. Also, it can be connected to a Quassel-core for storage and search of IRC channel logs.

&kde; software connects you to the world. See Internet, Networking, & Communication for more.

### Multimedia

The best in multimedia is installed when you open your new &kubuntu; installation. If you get an error message about missing codecs please install `kubuntu-restricted-extras`. You can find your Multimedia applications through Kickoff Applications Multimedia.

The following applications are installed by default:

- Pulseaudio keeps all your sound and video inputs and outputs working together. If you need to direct your audio or video output to other devices, install the pavucontrol package, launch it by pressing &Alt;F2, then type `pavucontrol`.

- Exploring your music in &kubuntu; is exciting with the pre-installed &amarok; music player. For more about how to use and customize it see Amarok.

- K3b is a simple, powerful and highly-configurable graphical optical disk burning application for audio, video, data projects.

- Kmix controls all your audio channels.

- Dragon Player is a simple interface for playing your movies, TV shows, and music.

### Office

The default office suite installed in &kubuntu; is LibreOffice. It includes Calc, Draw, Impress, Math, Base and Writer. This suite is the open source equivalent of the Microsoft Office suite and each application corresponds to a similar product in that line.

- Calc = Excel

- Writer = Word

- Impress = Powerpoint

- Base = Access

LibreOffice works well with the files created by their Microsoft counterparts, with the exception of Microsoft Access files.

For more information see LibreOffice.

#### Personal Information Manager (PIM)

Installed with your system is the &kde; Personal Information Manager &kontact;. This includes many tools

to manage your life.

- email

- contacts

- diary

- notes

- feeds

- to-do list

Please see Kontact for more details and help with this powerful set of tools.

### System Settings

Information on adjusting system settings can be found at System Settings.

### Utilities

Your newly installed &kubuntu; system has some utilities already installed. One of the most useful is not in your menus; just press ALT F2. Look at the top of your screen; there is one of your most powerful utilities, called Krunner. See more here: Krunner.

The following utility applications are installed by default:

- Kate is the default text editor for &kde;. It has many great features for editing plain text or writing code in many different languages.

- Ark is the default tool for handling archives of files such as tar, gzip, bzip2, zip, rar and 7z.

- Klipper is a clipboard to hold copied text for later use. Unlike other clipboards it will hold your entire copied text, rather than just one line.

- Knotes is a sticky-note application to post notes on your desktop.

- KCalc offers basic calculator functions and much more.

- KMag is the screen magnifier from &kde;.

- Konsole is the KDE terminal emulator, it can be used to run console shells.

#### Bash

Bash is the default shell in &konsole; and the terminals. Click for more on using the Terminal.

### Firewall configuration

Ufw is the default commandline configuration tool for the firewall. Ufw stands for Uncomplicated Firewall, it is developed to ease iptables firewall configuration. For more information about ufw see: UFW

## Steam

Though not included by default it can be installed with workarounds mentioned here.

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## Support

### Contact and Support

There are three ways to contact with the &kubuntu; Project; mailing lists (email), Internet Relay Chat (IRC), and the forums.

#### Mailing Lists

Mailing lists are the &kubuntu; Project's official communication tools. They allow for email discussion and have searchable archives.

Subscribe:

To begin using the mailing lists, please subscribe. Subscribing allows you to post a message without having it sit in an authorization queue, and allows you to receive messages from others who are also subscribed to the mailing list.

Before you send a message, check to see if the topic has been raised in the past. To do this, use Google to search the archives.

- Kubuntu users

Register: https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-users

Archive: https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/kubuntu-users

- Kubuntu development

Register: https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/kubuntu-devel

Archive: https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/kubuntu-devel

- Kubuntu documentation

Register: https://lists.ubuntu.com/mailman/listinfo/ubuntu-doc

Archive: https://lists.ubuntu.com/archives/ubuntu-doc

#### Internet Relay Chat

IRC allows you to communicate in real-time with many others who are also using IRC and are on common networks and channels. For more information about IRC clients, see Chat Clients.

You can also use your browser to chat. To do so, go to the Webchat page.

##### IRC Networks

All &ubuntu; and &kubuntu; channels are on the Freenode network. The server address is 'irc.freenode.net', and the default port is '6667'.

Use the command `/join #channelname` to join a channel.

`For example:`/join #kubuntu``

Kubuntu IRC Channels

- #kubuntu: The official Kubuntu Support channel

Connect to #kubuntu on the web here: #kubuntu

- #kubuntu-offtopic: For off-topic chatter with your fellow Kubuntu users

- #kubuntu-devel: This is the channel where the developers hang out

#### Forums

&kubuntu; Forums are located at:

Kubuntu Forums

#### Application Help

In most &kde; applications there is a 'Help' button in the toolbar that will lead you to the handbook. For general &kde; documentation, see KDE Documentation and KDE Userbase Wiki.

### Kubuntu Phone Support

If you or your organisation needs help with your computer systems running &kubuntu; but you don't want to worry about the best IRC channel to ask in you can pay some money and phone up the office in England to get some help. They will use phone, e-mail, Google hangout, Skype, VNC and any other method you like to help diagnose the issue and resolve it for you.

Click here for more information.

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## Credits and License

Documentation Copyright see the UserBase Kubuntu page history

&underFDL;
&documentation.index;