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# 7.21.4. Suggestion

This section describes about the following completion features:

- How it works

- How to use

- How to learn

## 7.21.4.1. How it works

The suggestion feature uses a search to compute suggested words:

> 1. Cooccurrence search against learned data.

### 7.21.4.1.1. Cooccurrence search

Cooccurrence search can find related words from user’s input. It uses user submissions that will be learned from query logs, access logs and so on.

For example, there are the following user submissions:

query
search engine
web search realtime

Groonga creates the following suggestion pairs:

input | suggested words
--- | ---
search | search engine
engine | search engine
web | web search realtime
search | web search realtime
realtime | web search realtime

Those pairs are created by the following steps:

> 1. Tokenizes user input query by TokenDelimit tokenizer that uses a space as token delimiter. (e.g. “search engine” is tokenized to two tokens “search” and “engine”.)

> 2. Creates a pair that is consists of a token and original query for each token.

If an user inputs “search” and cooccurrence search returns “search engine” and “web search realtime” because “search” is in two input columns and corresponding suggested word columns have “search engine” and “web search realtime”.

## 7.21.4.2. How to use

Groonga provides suggest command to use suggestion. –type suggest option requests suggestion

For example, here is an command to get suggestion results by “search”:

Execution example:

    suggest --table item_query --column kana --types suggest --frequency_threshold 1 --query search
    # [
    #   [
    #     0,
    #     1337566253.89858,
    #     0.000355720520019531
    #   ],
    #   {
    #     "suggest": [
    #       [
    #         2
    #       ],
    #       [
    #         [
    #           "_key",
    #           "ShortText"
    #         ],
    #         [
    #           "_score",
    #           "Int32"
    #         ]
    #       ],
    #       [
    #         "search engine",
    #         1
    #       ],
    #       [
    #         "web search realtime",
    #         1
    #       ]
    #     ]
    #   }
    # ]

## 7.21.4.3. How it learns

Cooccurrence search uses learned data. They are based on query logs, access logs and so on. To create learned data, groonga needs user input sequence with time stamp and user submit input with time stamp.

For example, an user wants to search by “engine”. The user inputs the query with the following sequence:

> 1. 2011-08-10T13:33:23+09:00: search engine (submit)

> 2. 2011-08-10T13:33:28+09:00: web search realtime (submit)

Groonga can be learned from the submissions by the following command:

    load --table event_query --each 'suggest_preparer(_id, type, item, sequence, time, pair_query)'
    [
    {"sequence": "1", "time": 1312950803.86057, "item": "search engine", "type": "submit"},
    {"sequence": "1", "time": 1312950808.86057, "item": "web search realtime", "type": "submit"}
    ]

## 7.21.4.4. How to extract learning data

The learning data is stored into `item_DATASET` and `pair_DATASET` tables. By using select command for such tables, you can all extract learning data.

Here is the query to extract all learning data:

    select item_DATASET --limit -1
    select pair_DATASET --filter 'freq0 > 0 || freq1 > 0 || freq2 > 0' --limit -1

Without ‘–limit -1’, you can’t get all data. In pair table, the valid value of `freq0`, `freq1` and `freq2` column must be larger than 0.

Don’t execute above query via HTTP request because enormous number of records are fetched.