# &app; Manual

&app; Desktop Application Manual V&manrevision;
2012
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Piotr Eljasiak
2026
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Uwe Scholz
GNOME Documentation Project
GNOME Documentation Project
GNOME
Piotr
Eljasiak
Laurent
Coudeur
Uwe
Scholz
GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.3;
2006-12-11

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.4;
2007-06-09

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.5;
2008-02-29

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.6;
2008-06-01

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.7;
2008-07-28

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8;
2009-06-29

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.1;
2009-08-10

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.2;
2009-09-22

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.3;
2009-10-28

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.4;
2009-12-03

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.5;
2010-02-13

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.6;
2010-06-01

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.7;
2010-07-27

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.8;
2010-09-09

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.9;
2010-12-03

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.10;
2011-01-15

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.11;
2011-05-01

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.12;
2011-06-15

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.13;
2011-08-06

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.14;
2011-10-04

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.2.8.15;
2011-12-06

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.4;
2014-03-17

Laurent Coudeur laurentc@iol.ie

GNOME Documentation Project

Piotr Eljasiak epiotr@cvs.gnome.org

GNOME Documentation Project

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.4.1;
2014-04-05

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.4.2;
2014-05-23

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.4.3;
2014-06-22

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.4.4;
2014-11-11

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.4.5;
2015-01-24

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.4.6;
2015-05-19

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.4.7;
2014-05-30

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.4.8;
2016-03-14

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.6.0;
2016-10-04

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.6.1;
2016-10-18

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.6.2;
2016-11-06

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.6.3;
2017-02-26

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.6.4;
2017-05-28

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.8.0;
2017-08-10

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.8.1;
2018-03-04

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.10.0;
2019-03-31

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.10.1;
2019-05-12

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.10.2;
2019-05-16

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.10.3;
2020-06-19

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.12.0;
2021-03-25

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.12.1;
2021-04-17

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.12.2;
2021-05-29

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.12.3;
2021-11-20

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.12.3.1;
2021-11-21

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.14.0;
2022-02-05

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.14.1;
2022-03-01

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.14.2;
2022-03-27

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.14.3;
2022-06-18

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.16.0;
2023-01-22

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.17.0;
2023-12-31

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.18.0;
2024-07-21

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.18.1;
2024-07-30

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.18.2;
2025-02-10

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.18.3;
2025-06-22

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.18.4;
2025-09-28

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.18.5;
2026-01-24

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

GNOME Commander Manual V1.18.6;
2026-04-26

Uwe Scholz u.scholz83@gmx.de

GNOME Documentation Project

This manual describes version &appversion; of &app;.

## Feedback

You can report or view &app; bugs at gitlab.gnome.org.

&app; is a lightweight and fast file manager for the GNOME desktop.

## Introduction

The &app; application is a fast and powerful graphical file manager for the GNOME desktop environment, it has a "two-pane" interface based on the orthodox file manager (OFM) principle, in the tradition of Norton and Midnight Commander.

&app; provides the following features:

- GTK-2 GUI with standard mouse interactions

- Support for tabs

- One instance mode

- Remote connections using GnomeVFS: FTP, SFTP (SSH+FTP), WebDAV and SMB/CIFS (Samba)

- Right click mouse menu

- User defined context menu

- Quick device access buttons with automatic mounting and unmounting

- History of accessed locations

- Folder bookmarks

- User defined keyboard shortcuts

- Plugin support

- Fast internal file viewer for text and images

- Meta data support for Exif, IPTC, ID3, Vorbis, FLAC, APE, OLE2, ODF and PDF tags

- Tools for advanced batch renaming of files, searching, quick file name searching in current directory, symlinking, comparing directories

- Integrated command line

- Color profiles

- Support for over 40 languages

If you are using code from git repository, it is possible that the latest new features are not yet in this manual. Please read the detailed ChangeLog online or in the &app; sources to find out more about the new features.

## Getting Started

### To Start &app;

You can start &app; in the following ways:

Applications menu

  Choose Accessories &app; .

Command line

  To start &app; from a command line, type the following command, then press Return:

  `gnome-commander`

### When You Start &app;

When you start &app;, the following window is displayed.

#### &app; Window

Shows &app; main window. Contains titlebar, menubar, toolbar, display area, and scrollbars. Menubar contains File, View, Settings, and Help menus.

The &app; window contains the following elements:

Menubar.

  The menus on the menubar contain all of the commands you need to work with files in &app;.

Toolbar.

  The toolbar contains a subset of the commands that you can access from the menubar.

Statusbar.

  The statusbar displays information about current &app; activity and contextual information about the menu items.

### Command Line Options

Options

  - --help

    Show summary of options.

  - --version

    Show version of &app;.

  - -l, --start-left-dir=STRING

    Specify the start directory for the left pane.

  - -r, --start-right-dir=STRING

    Specify the start directory for the right pane.

  - --config-dir=STRING

    Specify the directory for configuration files.

  - -d, --debug=STRING

    Specify debug flags to use. Debug output will be written to stdout.

    Possible flags:

    - a set all debug flags

    - c file and directory counting

    - d directory ref-counting

    - f file ref-counting

    - g run_command debugging

    - i image loader

    - k directory pool

    - l directory listings

    - m connection debugging

    - n directory monitoring

    - p python plugins

    - s SMB network browser

    - t metadata tags

    - u user actions debugging

    - v internal viewer

    - w widget_lookup

    - x xfer

    - y brief MIME based imageload

    - z detailed MIME based imageload

  - [gtk,gnome,bonobo options]

    Standard gtk, gnome, bonobo options are supported. Use --help to see possible options.

Examples

  `gnome-commander `-d nvl``

  Starts &app; with debugging of directory listings, internal viewer and directory monitoring facilities.

## Basic Usage

### Selecting Files and Folders

You can select files and folders in several ways in &app;. Typically this is achieved by clicking on the files using the mouse, as explained in .

#### Selecting Items in the File Manager

Task | Action | Default key bindings
--- | --- | ---
Select an item | Click on the item. | SPACE INSERT
Select a group of contiguous items | In icon view, drag around the files that you want to select. In list view, click on the first item in the group. Press-and-hold SHIFT, then click on the last item in the group. |
Select multiple items | Press-and-hold CTRL. Click on the items that you want to select. Alternatively, press-and-hold CTRL, then drag around the files that you want to select. |
Select all items in a folder | Choose Mark Select All. | CTRL A CTRL+
Unselect all items in a folder | Choose Mark Unselect All. | CTRL SHIFT A CTRL-
Select all files with the same extension |  | ALT NUM +
Unselect all files with the same extension |  | ALT NUM -
Select files using a pattern | Choose Mark Select with Pattern. &app; selects files matching a pattern based upon their file name using either wildcards or regular expressions. | NUM +
Unselect files using a pattern | Choose Mark Unselect with Pattern. &app; unselects files matching a pattern based upon their file name using either wildcards or regular expressions. | NUM -
Invert selection | Choose Mark Invert Selection. | NUM *

To perform the default action on an item, double-click on the item.

### Drag-and-Drop

You can drag and drop selected items from one pane to the other to copy, move, or create a symbolic link to an item. You can also drag and drop the selected items into another application.

To drag and drop a selection or a selected item with your mouse, with the pointer over the selection or the item, press the left button and keep it depressed, move the mouse pointer to the target location and release the left button.

- By pressing the SHIFT key while you release the mouse button you can move the selection instead of copying it.

- By pressing the CTRL SHIFT keys while you release the mouse button you can create symbolic link to the selection instead of copying it.

When not pressing a key while dropping the selection, the default is to query for the action to be executed, i.e. copy, move or create a symbolic link. In the &app; options you can change that behavior to copy or to move the selection. See also under .

### Copying a File or Folder

You can use the mouse, the keyboard and the menus to copy a selection of items in another location.

First select the item(s) you wish to copy, You can then use any of the the following options.

- To copy using the menus Edit Copy, then select the location where you want to copy the selection and select Edit Paste.

- Using the mouse You can also right click on the selected items in the drop down menu select Copy then in the chosen location Right click in an empty area and select Paste in the drop down menu.

- Press the following keys CTRL C, then select the location for the files and press CTRL V

- To copy the selection from one pane to the other using the mouse simply drag and drop the selected items to the other pane.

- To copy the selection from one pane to the other you can simply press F5.

The first three options will allow you to copy into another application than &app;.

### Moving a File or Folder

You can use the mouse, the keyboard , and the menus to move a selection of items in another location

First select the item(s) you wish to move, You can then use any of the the following options.

- To move using the menus Edit Cut, then select the location where you want to copy the selection and select Edit Paste.

- Using the mouse you can also right click on the selected items in the drop down menu select Cut then in the chosen location right click in an empty area and select Paste in the drop down menu.

- Press the following keys CTRL X, then select the location for the files and press CTRL V

- To move the selection from one pane to the other using the mouse drag and drop the selected items to the other pane and press the SHIFT while releasing the left mouse button.

- To move the selection from one pane to the other can simply press F6.

With the first three options it is possible to move marked items into another application.

### Renaming a File or Folder

This section describes a simple way to rename files or folders. There is also the for more complex operations and batch processing. You can use various the following methods to rename files and folder.

Firstly select the item you wish to rename.

- Right click on the item and select Rename, type in the new name, and press ENTER when finished.

- Press F2 and then type in the new name and press ENTER when finished.

- You can also use the menus: select File Properties and rename the file using the properties dialog.

### Deleting a File or Folder

There are different ways to delete an item using &app;.

Select the item(s) You wish to delete.

- Press the Delete or the F8 keys.

- With the mouse right click on the item(s) then in the drop down menu select Delete.

- In the menu select Delete.

### Creating a Folder

You can create a new folder in &app; using the following methods.

Navigate to the location where you want to create the new folder.

- Press the F7, in the dialog box that is then opened name the new folder.

- Using the mouse right click in an empty area of the pane, in the drop down menu select New Folder, then type the folder name in the dialog box that is opened.

### Creating a Symbolic Link to a File or Folder

A symbolic link is a special type of file that points to another file or folder. When you perform an action on a symbolic link, the action is performed on the file or folder to which the symbolic link points. However, when you delete a symbolic link, you delete the link file, not the file to which the symbolic link points.

There are three different ways to create a symbolic link to a file or folder:

- Select the file or folder to which you want to create a link. Choose File Create Symbolic Link.

- Grab the item to which you want to create a link, then press-and-hold CTRL SHIFT. Drag the item to the location where you want to place the link.

- Select the file or folder to which you want to create a link. Press CTRL SHIFT F5.

The permissions of a symbolic link are determined by the file or folder to which a symbolic link points.

For more on dragging items, see .

### Using multiple tabs

You can open multiple tabs in both panels to speed up navigation. &app; can store the open tabs location upon closing. When you restart the application the tabs are reopened as they were before. This option can be set in .

Using the mouse the middle click can be configured to open a new tab. This option can be set in . When it is set a middle click on a folder will open it in a new tab in the same pane.

When using a 2 button mouse the middle click is emulated by clicking both buttons simultaneously

- To open a new tab press CTRL T this opens a new tab in the current panel with the same folder opened.

- To open a new tab displaying the selected folder in the current pane press the CTRL UP. If you have configured the mouse middle click option to open a new tab (), then using the middle mouse button on a folder will also open a new tab displaying it in the current pane.

- To open a new tab displaying the selected folder in the inactive pane press the CTRL SHIFT UP.

- To navigate between tab you can you the mouse or use CTRL TAB as many time as needed to select the tab element. If the tabs are selected you can also use the RIGHT or LEFT to select the desired tab.

- To close a tab you can use the mouse and double click the tab or right click on it and from the menu select Close tab. You can also close the current tab using the keyboard shortcut CTRL W

Right clicking on any tab will open a tab specific menu

- Open in new tab this action opens a new tab with the displaying the currently opened folder.

- Refresh tab this actions refreshes the files displayed currently in the folder.

- Copy tab to other pane opens a new tab in the opposite pane, this tab will display the selected tab.

- Close tab this action closes the currently selected tab.

- Close all tabs &app; will close all open tabs in the current pane. This leaves the current tab as the only open folder.

- Close duplicate tabs &app; will search for duplicated open tabs in the current pane and close them.

## Advanced Features

This section describes more features and tools included in &app;

### Viewing the Properties of a File or Folder

To view the properties of a file or folder, perform the following steps:

1. Select the file or folder whose properties you want to view. Now you can

- Press ALT ENTER.

- Choose File Properties....

- Right-click on the file or folder and choose Properties....

#### File Properties dialog

Shows file properties dialog.

On the Permissions tab (see ), you can change the permissions and ownership of a file (that is, if you have the right permissions yourself).You can change the read, write, and execute settings for a file. For more information on permissions, see .

The following table lists the properties that you can view or set for files and folders, the exact information shown depends on the object type:

Property | Description
--- | ---
Name | The name of the file or folder.
Location | The location of the file or folder.
Volume | The name of the volume in which the file or folder is located.
Free space | The amount of free space on the volume.
Type | The type of object, file or folder.
MIME Type | The official naming of the type of file.
Opens with | Default application to open the file with. See section for information about how to change the default behavior.
Modified | The date and time at which the object was last changed.
Accessed | The date and time at which the object was last viewed.
Size | The amount of data occupied by object, file or folder.
Metadata | If available, additional metadata information is shown for file types like images, documents or audio files. The shown tags are: File.Description, File.Publisher, Doc.Title, Doc.Pagecount, Audio.Albumartist, Audio.Title, Audio.Bitrate and Audio.Durationmmss. For more information, see metadata tags.

### Changing Permissions

To change the permissions of a file or a folder, perform the following steps:

1. Select the file that needs its permission modified.

2. Open the properties window with your favorite method (e.g. ALT ENTER).

3. Click on the Permissions tab.

4. To change the file's group, choose from the groups the user belongs to in the drop-down selector.

5. For each of the owner, the group, and all other users, choose from these permissions for the file:

   Property | Description
   --- | ---
   Read | The users can read a file.
   Write | The users can save a file.
   Execute | The users can run a file as a program.

#### File Permissions dialog

Shows file permissions dialog.

### Using Bookmarks

You can use bookmarks to speed up navigation within your local files or to access remote servers.

Managing your bookmarks is done with the bookmark manager, started by selecting Bookmarks Manage bookmarks... or pressing CTRL D. See an example screenshot below.

To add a folder to the bookmarks, navigate to the folder's location. In the menu select Bookmarks Bookmark this directory. Once you have added a bookmark, it will be added in its respective group in the Bookmarks menu. A bookmark is automatically assigned to a group, depending on where the bookmark is pointing to.

You can then Jump to a bookmark, Edit, Remove, or modify the position of a bookmark in the selected group.

In the bookmark list there are four different columns displayed:

1. The name of the bookmark group,

2. The name of the bookmark,

3. The shortcut of the bookmark,

4. The path to which the bookmark points to.

The name and the path of a bookmark are editable by pressing the Edit button. In contrast, the shortcut of a bookmark in the third column is taken from the associated user action Go to bookmarked location, adjustable by clicking on the menu entry Settings Keyboard Shortcuts... . In the bookmarks window it is only shown as a reference but it is not editable.

#### Bookmark Management Dialog

Shows bookmark management dialog.

### Hidden Files and Folders

By default, &app; does not display certain system and backup files in folders. This prevents accidental modification or deletion of them, which can impair the operation of your computer, and also reduces clutter in locations such as your Home Folder. &app; does not display:

- Hidden files, whose file name begins with a period (.),

- Backup files, whose file name ends with a tilde (~) or with extension `'.bak'`

- Files that are listed in a particular folder's `.hidden` file.

You may hide or show hidden files in all folders by:

- Selecting View Show Hidden Files,

- Pressing CTRL SHIFT H.

### Advanced file renaming

A powerful tool for batch renaming of the files selected in &app;. It allows to easily rename lots of files in one go. The file names can be created by parts of the original file name, its path, numbering the files or accessing hundreds of informations about the file, like creation date or Exif/IPTC informations of an image.

When started, the following dialog is displayed:

#### Advanced Rename Tool Dialog

Shows advanced file renaming dialog.

Template

  Specifies template for file renaming. All ordinary characters placed in the format string go into the new name without conversion. Conversion specifiers are introduced by a few placeholders (see below for the detailed list). Additionally g_date_time_format() format controls are also accepted - except for "%D", "%n" and "%t" for obvious reasons. If found, they are left intact.

Counter

  Specifies settings for counters: start value, step and width ('auto' = automatic width, '1',..., '16': fixed width).

Regex replacing

  List of the regular expression patterns. The patterns are matched against Template. If matched, patterns are replaced with their corresponding replacements. The order of execution is top-bottom. Invalid or broken regex patterns will be marked red.

Case

  Changes the case of the selected file names.

Trim blanks

  Removes leading and trailing whitespace from the selected file names.

Results

  List of the new file names. The list can be reordered using drag-and-drop. The context menu provides options for: removing file from the list, viewing file or its properties, and refreshing the list. Conflicting renames will be marked red.

Apply

  Starts to rename files. Conflicting renames will be marked red.

Close

  Closes the dialog without file renaming.

Reset

  Resets current settings to defaults.

Profiles...

  Shows options for profile management. A profile is a collection of advanced file renaming parameters (template, counter, regex patterns, case conversions and blank trimming) identified by its name. You can define as many different profiles as you require.

#### Template Placeholders

Placeholder | Replacement
--- | ---
$N | The whole file name (with extension)
$N(range) | Part of the whole file name (with extension)
$n | File name without extension
$n(range) | Part of the file name without extension
$e | File extension
$e(range) | Part of the file extension
$p | Parent dir name
$p(range) | Part of the parent dir name
$g | Grandparent dir name
$g(range) | Part of the grandparent dir name
$c | File counter
$c(width) | File counter with specified digit number (width)
$c(a) | File counter with digit number (width) calculated automatically
$x | Hexadecimal random number (8 lowercase digits)
$x(width) | Hexadecimal random number with specified lowercase digit number (width)
$X | Hexadecimal random number (8 uppercase digits)
$X(width) | Hexadecimal random number with specified uppercase digit number (width)
$T(metatag) | Metadata tag
$$ | A literal "$" character

Broken - like $n(), $e(0,-3) or $N(abc) - or unknown placeholders are copied verbatim without any substitution.

#### Metadata Tags (Metatags)

Metadata is usually defined as data about data. Metadata describes data about files that is often user visible in file managers, office applications, document viewers and audio players. Metadata can typically be viewed or written by selecting "properties" from the file menu of one of these applications.

For all metadata, each metadata tag (metatag) needs to be namespaced with its class type using a "." qualifier (e.g. `Audio.Artist` represents the metadata Artist for an audio class file).

The placeholder for metadata is `$T(metatag)`. Use, for example, `$T(Exif.DateTime)` to get image capture date/time and to insert it to new filename (metatags names are case insensitive, so we could use also `$T(exif.datetime)` here). The generic `'Audio.'`, `'Doc.'`, `'File.'` and `'Image.'` metatags are independent of the used framework and they provide unified access to respectively audio, doc, file or image metadata. Please refer to freedesktop.org for more details on the generic metatags.

Tag | Name | Description
--- | --- | ---
Audio.Album | Album | Name of the album.
Audio.AlbumArtist | Album Artist | Artist of the album.
Audio.AlbumGain | Album Gain | Gain adjustment of the album.
Audio.AlbumPeakGain | Album Peak Gain | Peak gain adjustment of album.
Audio.AlbumTrackCount | Album Track Count | Total number of tracks on the album.
Audio.Artist | Artist | Artist of the track.
Audio.Bitrate | Bitrate | Bitrate in kbps.
Audio.Channels | Channels | Number of channels in the audio (2 = stereo).
Audio.Codec | Codec | Codec encoding description.
Audio.CodecVersion | Codec Version | Codec version.
Audio.Comment | Comment | Comments on the track.
Audio.Copyright | Copyright | Copyright message.
Audio.CoverAlbumThumbnailPath | Cover Album Thumbnail Path | File path to thumbnail image of the cover album.
Audio.DiscNo | Disc Number | Specifies which disc the track is on.
Audio.Duration | Duration | Duration of track in seconds.
Audio.Duration.MMSS | Duration [MM:SS] | Duration of track as MM:SS.
Audio.Genre | Genre | Type of music classification for the track as defined in ID3 spec.
Audio.IsNew | Is New | Set to "1" if track is new to the user (default "0").
Audio.ISRC | ISRC | ISRC (international standard recording code).
Audio.LastPlay | Last Play | When track was last played.
Audio.Lyrics | Lyrics | Lyrics of the track.
Audio.MBAlbumArtistID | MB album artist ID | MusicBrainz album artist ID in UUID format.
Audio.MBAlbumID | MB Album ID | MusicBrainz album ID in UUID format.
Audio.MBArtistID | MB Artist ID | MusicBrainz artist ID in UUID format.
Audio.MBTrackID | MB Track ID | MusicBrainz track ID in UUID format.
Audio.MPEG.ChannelMode | Channel Mode | MPEG channel mode.
Audio.MPEG.Copyrighted | Copyrighted | "1" if the copyrighted bit is set.
Audio.MPEG.Layer | Layer | MPEG layer.
Audio.MPEG.Original | Original Audio | "1" if the "original" bit is set.
Audio.MPEG.Version | MPEG Version | MPEG version.
Audio.Performer | Performer | Name of the performer/conductor of the music.
Audio.PlayCount | Play Count | Number of times the track has been played.
Audio.ReleaseDate | Release Date | Date track was released.
Audio.SampleRate | Sample Rate | Sample rate in Hz.
Audio.Title | Title | Title of the track.
Audio.TrackGain | Track Gain | Gain adjustment of the track.
Audio.TrackNo | Track Number | Position of track on the album.
Audio.TrackPeakGain | Track Peak Gain | Peak gain adjustment of track.
Audio.Year | Year | Year.
Doc.Author | Author | Name of the author.
Doc.ByteCount | Byte Count | Number of bytes in the document.
Doc.CaseSensitive | Case Sensitive | Case sensitive.
Doc.Category | Category | Category.
Doc.CellCount | Cell Count | Number of cells in the spreadsheet document.
Doc.CharacterCount | Character Count | Number of characters in the document.
Doc.Codepage | Codepage | The MS codepage to encode strings for metadata.
Doc.Comments | Comments | User definable free text.
Doc.Company | Company | Organization that the `Doc.Creator` entity is associated with.
Doc.Author | Author | Name of the author.
Doc.Creator | Creator | An entity primarily responsible for making the content of the resource, typically a person, organization, or service.
Doc.Created | Created | Datetime document was originally created.
Doc.DateCreated | Date Created | Date associated with an event in the life cycle of the resource (creation/publication date).
Doc.DateModified | Date Modified | The last time the document was saved.
Doc.Description | Description | An account of the content of the resource.
Doc.Dictionary | Dictionary | Dictionary.
Doc.EditingDuration | Editing Duration | The total time taken until the last modification.
Doc.Generator | Generator | The application that generated this document.
Doc.HiddenSlideCount | Hidden Slide Count | Number of hidden slides in the presentation document.
Doc.ImageCount | Image Count | Number of images in the document.
Doc.InitialCreator | Initial Creator | Specifies the name of the person who created the document initially.
Doc.Keywords | Keywords | Searchable, indexable keywords.
Doc.Language | Language | The locale language of the intellectual content of the resource.
Doc.LastPrinted | Last Printed | The last time this document was printed.
Doc.LastSavedBy | Last Saved By | The entity that made the last change to the document, typically a person, organization, or service.
Doc.LineCount | Line Count | Number of lines in the document.
Doc.LinksDirty | Links Dirty | Links dirty.
Doc.LocaleSystemDefault | Locale System Default | Identifier representing the default system locale.
Doc.Manager | Manager | Name of the manager of `Doc.Creator` entity.
Doc.MMClipCount | Multimedia Clip Count | Number of multimedia clips in the document.
Doc.NoteCount | Note Count | Number of "notes" in the document.
Doc.ObjectCount | Object Count | Number of objects (OLE and other graphics) in the document.
Doc.PageCount | Page Count | Number of pages in the document.
Doc.ParagraphCount | Paragraph Count | Number of paragraphs in the document.
Doc.PresentationFormat | Presentation Format | Type of presentation, like "On-screen Show", "SlideView", etc.
Doc.PrintDate | Print Date | Specifies the date and time when the document was last printed.
Doc.PrintedBy | Printed By | Specifies the name of the last person who printed the document.
Doc.RevisionCount | Revision Count | Number of revision on the document.
Doc.Scale | Scale | Scale.
Doc.Security | Security | One of: "Password protected", "Read-only recommended", "Read-only enforced" or "Locked for annotations".
Doc.SlideCount | Slide Count | Number of slides in the presentation document.
Doc.SpreadsheetCount | Spreadsheet Count | Number of pages in the document.
Doc.Subject | Subject | Document subject.
Doc.TableCount | Table Count | Number of tables in the document.
Doc.Template | Template | The template file that is been used to generate this document.
Doc.Title | Title | Title of the document.
Doc.WordCount | Word Count | Number of words in the document.
Exif.ApertureValue | Aperture | The lens aperture. The unit is the APEX value.
Exif.Artist | Artist | Name of the camera owner, photographer or image creator. The detailed format is not specified, but it is recommended that the information be written for ease of Interoperability. When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.
Exif.BatteryLevel | Battery Level | Battery level.
Exif.BitsPerSample | Bits per Sample | The number of bits per image component. Each component of the image is 8 bits, so the value for this tag is 8. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.
Exif.BrightnessValue | Brightness | The value of brightness. The unit is the APEX value. Ordinarily it is given in the range of -99.99 to 99.99.
Exif.CFAPattern | CFA Pattern | The color filter array (CFA) geometric pattern of the image sensor when a one-chip color area sensor is used. It does not apply to all sensing methods.
Exif.CFARepeatPatternDim | CFA Repeat Pattern Dim | CFA Repeat Pattern Dim.
Exif.ColorSpace | Color Space | The color space information tag is always recorded as the color space specifier. Normally sRGB is used to define the color space based on the PC monitor conditions and environment. If a color space other than sRGB is used, Uncalibrated is set. Image data recorded as Uncalibrated can be treated as sRGB when it is converted to FlashPix.

Exif.ComponentsConfiguration

Components Configuration

Information specific to compressed data. The channels of each component are arranged in order from the 1st component to the 4th. For uncompressed data the data arrangement is given in the `Exif.PhotometricInterpretation` tag. However, since `Exif.PhotometricInterpretation` can only express the order of Y, Cb and Cr, this tag is provided for cases when compressed data uses components other than Y, Cb, and Cr and to enable support of other sequences.

Exif.CompressedBitsPerPixel | Compressed Bits per Pixel | Information specific to compressed data. The compression mode used for a compressed image is indicated in unit bits per pixel.
Exif.Compression | Compression | The compression scheme used for the image data. When a primary image is JPEG compressed, this designation is not necessary and is omitted. When thumbnails use JPEG compression, this tag value is set to 6.
Exif.Contrast | Contrast | The direction of contrast processing applied by the camera when the image was shot.

Exif.Copyright

Copyright

Copyright information. The tag is used to indicate both the photographer and editor copyrights. It is the copyright notice of the person or organization claiming rights to the image. The Interoperability copyright statement including date and rights should be written in this field; e.g., "Copyright, John Smith, 19xx. All rights reserved.". The field records both the photographer and editor copyrights, with each recorded in a separate part of the statement. When there is a clear distinction between the photographer and editor copyrights, these are to be written in the order of photographer followed by editor copyright, separated by NULL (in this case, since the statement also ends with a NULL, there are two NULL codes) (see example 1). When only the photographer is given, it is terminated by one NULL code. When only the editor copyright is given, the photographer copyright part consists of one space followed by a terminating NULL code, then the editor copyright is given. When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.

Exif.CustomRendered | Custom Rendered | The use of special processing on image data, such as rendering geared to output. When special processing is performed, the reader is expected to disable or minimize any further processing.
Exif.DateTime | Date and Time | The date and time of image creation.
Exif.DateTimeDigitized | Date and Time (digitized) | The date and time when the image was stored as digital data.
Exif.DateTimeOriginal | Date and Time (original) | The date and time when the original image data was generated. For a digital still camera the date and time the picture was taken are recorded.
Exif.DeviceSettingDescription | Device Setting Description | Information on the picture-taking conditions of a particular camera model. The tag is used only to indicate the picture-taking conditions in the reader.
Exif.DigitalZoomRatio | Digital Zoom Ratio | The digital zoom ratio when the image was shot. If the numerator of the recorded value is 0, this indicates that digital zoom was not used.
Exif.DocumentName | Document Name | Document name.
Exif.ExifIfdPointer | Exif IFD Pointer | A pointer to the Exif IFD. Interoperability, Exif IFD has the same structure as that of the IFD specified in TIFF.
Exif.ExifVersion | Exif Version | The version of Exif standard supported. Nonexistence of this field is taken to mean nonconformance to the standard.
Exif.ExposureBiasValue | Exposure Bias | The exposure bias. The units is the APEX value. Ordinarily it is given in the range of -99.99 to 99.99.
Exif.ExposureIndex | Exposure Index | The exposure index selected on the camera or input device at the time the image is captured.
Exif.ExposureMode | Exposure Mode | The exposure mode set when the image was shot. In auto-bracketing mode, the camera shoots a series of frames of the same scene at different exposure settings.
Exif.ExposureProgram | Exposure Program | The class of the program used by the camera to set exposure when the picture is taken.
Exif.ExposureTime | Exposure Time | Exposure time, given in seconds.
Exif.FileSource | File Source | Indicates the image source. If a DSC recorded the image, this tag value of this tag always be set to 3, indicating that the image was recorded on a DSC.
Exif.FillOrder | Fill Order | Fill order.
Exif.Flash | Flash | This tag is recorded when an image is taken using a strobe light (flash).
Exif.FlashEnergy | Flash Energy | The strobe energy at the time the image is captured, as measured in Beam Candle Power Seconds (BCPS).
Exif.FlashPixVersion | FlashPix Version | The FlashPix format version supported by a FPXR file.
Exif.FNumber | F Number | Diameter of the aperture relative to the effective focal length of the lens.
Exif.FocalLength | Focal Length | The actual focal length of the lens, in mm. Conversion is not made to the focal length of a 35 mm film camera.
Exif.FocalLengthIn35mmFilm | Focal Length In 35mm Film | The equivalent focal length assuming a 35mm film camera, in mm. A value of 0 means the focal length is unknown. Note that this tag differs from the `Exif.FocalLength` tag.
Exif.FocalPlaneResolutionUnit | Focal Plane Resolution Unit | The unit for measuring `Exif.FocalPlaneXResolution` and `Exif.FocalPlaneYResolution`. This value is the same as the `Exif.ResolutionUnit`.
Exif.FocalPlaneXResolution | Focal Plane x-Resolution | The number of pixels in the image width (X) direction per `Exif.FocalPlaneResolutionUnit` on the camera focal plane.
Exif.FocalPlaneYResolution | Focal Plane y-Resolution | The number of pixels in the image height (Y) direction per `Exif.FocalPlaneResolutionUnit` on the camera focal plane.
Exif.GainControl | Gain Control | This tag indicates the degree of overall image gain adjustment.
Exif.Gamma | Gamma | Indicates the value of coefficient gamma.
Exif.GPS.Altitude | Altitude | Indicates the altitude based on the reference in `Exif.GPS.AltitudeRef`. The reference unit is meters.
Exif.GPS.AltitudeRef | Altitude Reference | Indicates the altitude used as the reference altitude. If the reference is sea level and the altitude is above sea level, 0 is given. If the altitude is below sea level, a value of 1 is given and the altitude is indicated as an absolute value in the `Exif.GPS.Altitude` tag. The reference unit is meters.
Exif.GPS.InfoIFDPointer | GPS Info IFDPointer | A pointer to the GPS Info IFD. The Interoperability structure of the GPS Info IFD, like that of Exif IFD, has no image data.
Exif.GPS.Latitude | Latitude | Indicates the latitude. The latitude is expressed as three RATIONAL values giving the degrees, minutes, and seconds, respectively. When degrees, minutes and seconds are expressed, the format is dd/1,mm/1,ss/1. When degrees and minutes are used and, for example, fractions of minutes are given up to two decimal places, the format is dd/1,mmmm/100,0/1.
Exif.GPS.LatitudeRef | North or South Latitude | Indicates whether the latitude is north or south latitude. The ASCII value 'N' indicates north latitude, and 'S' is south latitude.
Exif.GPS.Longitude | Longitude | Indicates the longitude. The longitude is expressed as three RATIONAL values giving the degrees, minutes, and seconds, respectively. When degrees, minutes and seconds are expressed, the format is ddd/1,mm/1,ss/1. When degrees and minutes are used and, for example, fractions of minutes are given up to two decimal places, the format is ddd/1,mmmm/100,0/1.
Exif.GPS.LongitudeRef | East or West Longitude | Indicates whether the longitude is east or west longitude. ASCII 'E' indicates east longitude, and 'W' is west longitude.
Exif.GPS.VersionID | GPS Tag Version | Indicates the version of `Exif.GPS.InfoIFD`. This tag is mandatory when `Exif.GPS.Info` tag is present.
Exif.ImageDescription | Image Description | A character string giving the title of the image. Two-bytes character codes cannot be used. When a 2-bytes code is necessary, the Exif private tag `Exif.UserComment` is to be used.
Exif.ImageLength | Image Length | The number of rows of image data. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.
Exif.ImageResources | Image Resources Block | Image Resources Block.
Exif.ImageUniqueID | Image Unique ID | This tag indicates an identifier assigned uniquely to each image. It is recorded as an ASCII string equivalent to hexadecimal notation and 128-bit fixed length.
Exif.ImageWidth | Image Width | The number of columns of image data, equal to the number of pixels per row. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.
Exif.InterColorProfile | Inter Color Profile | Inter Color Profile.

Exif.InteroperabilityIFDPointer

Interoperability IFD Pointer

Interoperability IFD is composed of tags which stores the information to ensure the Interoperability and pointed by the following tag located in Exif IFD. The Interoperability structure of Interoperability IFD is the same as TIFF defined IFD structure but does not contain the image data characteristically compared with normal TIFF IFD.

Exif.InteroperabilityIndex | Interoperability Index | Indicates the identification of the Interoperability rule. Use "R98" for stating ExifR98 Rules.
Exif.InteroperabilityVersion | Interoperability Version | Interoperability version.
Exif.ISOSpeedRatings | ISO Speed Ratings | The ISO Speed and ISO Latitude of the camera or input device as specified in ISO 12232.
Exif.JPEGInterchangeFormat | JPEG Interchange Format | The offset to the start byte (SOI) of JPEG compressed thumbnail data. This is not used for primary image JPEG data.

Exif.JPEGInterchangeFormatLength

JPEG Interchange Format Length

The number of bytes of JPEG compressed thumbnail data. This is not used for primary image JPEG data. JPEG thumbnails are not divided but are recorded as a continuous JPEG bitstream from SOI to EOI. Appn and COM markers should not be recorded. Compressed thumbnails must be recorded in no more than 64 Kbytes, including all other data to be recorded in APP1.

Exif.JPEGProc | JPEG Procedure | JPEG procedure.
Exif.LightSource | Light Source | The kind of light source.
Exif.Make | Manufacturer | The manufacturer of the recording equipment. This is the manufacturer of the DSC, scanner, video digitizer or other equipment that generated the image. When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.
Exif.MakerNote | Maker Note | A tag for manufacturers of Exif writers to record any desired information. The contents are up to the manufacturer.
Exif.MaxApertureValue | Max Aperture Value | The smallest F number of the lens. The unit is the APEX value. Ordinarily it is given in the range of 00.00 to 99.99, but it is not limited to this range.
Exif.MeteringMode | Metering Mode | The metering mode.
Exif.Model | Model | The model name or model number of the equipment. This is the model name or number of the DSC, scanner, video digitizer or other equipment that generated the image. When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.
Exif.CFAPattern | CFA Pattern | The color filter array (CFA) geometric pattern of the image sensor when a one-chip color area sensor is used. It does not apply to all sensing methods.
Exif.NewSubfileType | New Subfile Type | A general indication of the kind of data contained in this subfile.
Exif.OECF | OECF | The Opto-Electronic Conversion Function (OECF) specified in ISO 14524. `Exif.OECF` is the relationship between the camera optical input and the image values.
Exif.Orientation | Orientation | The image orientation viewed in terms of rows and columns.
Exif.PhotometricInterpretation | Photometric Interpretation | The pixel composition. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.
Exif.PixelXDimension | Pixel X Dimension | Information specific to compressed data. When a compressed file is recorded, the valid width of the meaningful image must be recorded in this tag, whether or not there is padding data or a restart marker. This tag should not exist in an uncompressed file.

Exif.PixelYDimension

Pixel Y Dimension

Information specific to compressed data. When a compressed file is recorded, the valid height of the meaningful image must be recorded in this tag, whether or not there is padding data or a restart marker. This tag should not exist in an uncompressed file. Since data padding is unnecessary in the vertical direction, the number of lines recorded in this valid image height tag will in fact be the same as that recorded in the SOF.

Exif.PlanarConfiguration | Planar Configuration | Indicates whether pixel components are recorded in a chunky or planar format. In JPEG compressed files a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag. If this field does not exist, the TIFF default of 1 (chunky) is assumed.
Exif.PrimaryChromaticities | Primary Chromaticities | The chromaticity of the three primary colors of the image. Normally this tag is not necessary, since colorspace is specified in `Exif.ColorSpace` tag.
Exif.ReferenceBlackWhite | Reference Black/White | The reference black point value and reference white point value. No defaults are given in TIFF, but the values below are given as defaults here. The color space is declared in a color space information tag, with the default being the value that gives the optimal image characteristics Interoperability these conditions.
Exif.RelatedImageFileFormat | Related Image File Format | Related image file format.
Exif.RelatedImageLength | Related Image Length | Related image length.
Exif.RelatedImageWidth | Related Image Width | Related image width.

Exif.RelatedSoundFile

Related Sound File

This tag is used to record the name of an audio file related to the image data. The only relational information recorded here is the Exif audio file name and extension (an ASCII string consisting of 8 characters + '.' + 3 characters). The path is not recorded. When using this tag, audio files must be recorded in conformance to the Exif audio format. Writers are also allowed to store the data such as Audio within APP2 as FlashPix extension stream data. Audio files must be recorded in conformance to the Exif audio format. If multiple files are mapped to one file, the above format is used to record just one audio file name. If there are multiple audio files, the first recorded file is given. When there are three Exif audio files "SND00001.WAV", "SND00002.WAV" and "SND00003.WAV", the Exif image file name for each of them, "DSC00001.JPG", is indicated. By combining multiple relational information, a variety of playback possibilities can be supported. The method of using relational information is left to the implementation on the playback side. Since this information is an ASCII character string, it is terminated by NULL. When this tag is used to map audio files, the relation of the audio file to image data must also be indicated on the audio file end.

Exif.ResolutionUnit | Resolution Unit | The unit for measuring `Exif.XResolution` and `Exif.YResolution`. The same unit is used for both `Exif.XResolution` and `Exif.YResolution`. If the image resolution is unknown, 2 (inches) is designated.
Exif.RowsPerStrip | Rows per Strip | The number of rows per strip. This is the number of rows in the image of one strip when an image is divided into strips. With JPEG compressed data this designation is not needed and is omitted.
Exif.SamplesPerPixel | Samples per Pixel | The number of components per pixel. Since this standard applies to RGB and YCbCr images, the value set for this tag is 3. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.
Exif.Saturation | Saturation | The direction of saturation processing applied by the camera when the image was shot.
Exif.SceneCaptureType | Scene Capture Type | The type of scene that was shot. It can also be used to record the mode in which the image was shot. Note that this differs from `Exif.SceneType` tag.
Exif.SceneType | Scene Type | The type of scene. If a DSC recorded the image, this tag value must always be set to 1, indicating that the image was directly photographed.
Exif.SensingMethod | Sensing Method | The image sensor type on the camera or input device.
Exif.Sharpness | Sharpness | The direction of sharpness processing applied by the camera when the image was shot.
Exif.ShutterSpeedValue | Shutter Speed | Shutter speed. The unit is the APEX (Additive System of Photographic Exposure) setting.
Exif.Software | Software | This tag records the name and version of the software or firmware of the camera or image input device used to generate the image. When the field is left blank, it is treated as unknown.
Exif.SpatialFrequencyResponse | Spatial Frequency Response | This tag records the camera or input device spatial frequency table and SFR values in the direction of image width, image height, and diagonal direction, as specified in ISO 12233.
Exif.SpectralSensitivity | Spectral Sensitivity | The spectral sensitivity of each channel of the camera used.
Exif.StripByteCounts | Strip Byte Count | The total number of bytes in each strip. With JPEG compressed data this designation is not needed and is omitted.
Exif.StripOffsets | Strip Offsets | For each strip, the byte offset of that strip. It is recommended that this be selected so the number of strip bytes does not exceed 64 Kbytes. With JPEG compressed data this designation is not needed and is omitted.
Exif.SubIFDs | Sub IFD Offsets | Defined by Adobe Corporation to enable TIFF Trees within a TIFF file.
Exif.SubjectArea | Subject Area | The location and area of the main subject in the overall scene.
Exif.SubjectDistance | Subject Distance | The distance to the subject, given in meters.
Exif.SubjectDistanceRange | Subject Distance Range | The distance to the subject.
Exif.SubjectLocation | Subject Location | The location of the main subject in the scene. The value of this tag represents the pixel at the center of the main subject relative to the left edge, prior to rotation processing as per the `Exif.Rotation` tag. The first value indicates the X column number and second indicates the Y row number.
Exif.SubsecTime | Subsec Time | Fractions of seconds for the `Exif.DateTime` tag.
Exif.SubSecTimeDigitized | Subsec Time Digitized | Fractions of seconds for the `Exif.DateTimeDigitized` tag.
Exif.SubSecTimeOriginal | Subsec Time Original | Fractions of seconds for the `Exif.DateTimeOriginal` tag.
Exif.TIFF_EPStandardID | TIFF/EP Standard ID | TIFF/EP Standard ID.
Exif.TransferFunction | Transfer Function | A transfer function for the image, described in tabular style. Normally this tag is not necessary, since color space is specified in `Exif.ColorSpace` tag.
Exif.TransferRange | Transfer Range | Transfer range.

Exif.UserComment

User Comment

A tag for Exif users to write keywords or comments on the image besides those in `Exif.ImageDescription`, and without the character code limitations of the `Exif.ImageDescription` tag. The character code used in the `Exif.UserComment` tag is identified based on an ID code in a fixed 8-byte area at the start of the tag data area. The unused portion of the area is padded with NULL ("00.h"). ID codes are assigned by means of registration. The value of CountN is determinated based on the 8 bytes in the character code area and the number of bytes in the user comment part. Since the TYPE is not ASCII, NULL termination is not necessary. The ID code for the `Exif.UserComment` area may be a Defined code such as JIS or ASCII, or may be Undefined. The Undefined name is UndefinedText, and the ID code is filled with 8 bytes of all "NULL" ("00.H"). An Exif reader that reads the `Exif.UserComment` tag must have a function for determining the ID code. This function is not required in Exif readers that do not use the `Exif.UserComment` tag. When a `Exif.UserComment` area is set aside, it is recommended that the ID code be ASCII and that the following user comment part be filled with blank characters [20.H].

Exif.WhiteBalance | White Balance | The white balance mode set when the image was shot.
Exif.WhitePoint | White Point | The chromaticity of the white point of the image. Normally this tag is not necessary, since color space is specified in `Exif.ColorSpace` tag.
Exif.XMLPacket | XML Packet | XMP metadata.
Exif.XResolution | x Resolution | The number of pixels per `Exif.ResolutionUnit` in the `Exif.ImageWidth` direction. When the image resolution is unknown, 72 [dpi] is designated.
Exif.YCbCrCoefficients | YCbCr Coefficients | The matrix coefficients for transformation from RGB to YCbCr image data. No default is given in TIFF; but here "Color Space Guidelines" is used as the default. The color space is declared in a color space information tag, with the default being the value that gives the optimal image characteristics Interoperability this condition.

Exif.YCbCrPositioning

YCbCr Positioning

The position of chrominance components in relation to the luminance component. This field is designated only for JPEG compressed data or uncompressed YCbCr data. The TIFF default is 1 (centered); but when Y:Cb:Cr = 4:2:2 it is recommended that 2 (co-sited) be used to record data, in order to improve the image quality when viewed on TV systems. When this field does not exist, the reader shall assume the TIFF default. In the case of Y:Cb:Cr = 4:2:0, the TIFF default (centered) is recommended. If the reader does not have the capability of supporting both kinds of `Exif.YCbCrPositioning`, it shall follow the TIFF default regardless of the value in this field. It is preferable that readers be able to support both centered and co-sited positioning.

Exif.YCbCrSubSampling | YCbCr Sub-Sampling | The sampling ratio of chrominance components in relation to the luminance component. In JPEG compressed data a JPEG marker is used instead of this tag.
Exif.YResolution | y Resolution | The number of pixels per `Exif.ResolutionUnit` in the `Exif.ImageLength` direction. The same value as `Exif.XResolution` is designated.
File.Accessed | Accessed | Last access datetime.
File.Content | Content | File's contents filtered as plain text.
File.Description | Description | Editable free text/notes.
File.Format | Format | MIME type of the file or if a directory it should contain value "Folder".
File.Keywords | Keywords | Editable array of keywords.
File.Link | Link | URI of link target.
File.Modified | Modified | Last modified datetime.
File.Name | Name | File name excluding path but including the file extension.
File.Path | Path | Full file path of file excluding the file name.
File.Permissions | Permissions | Permission string in unix format eg "-rw-r--r--".
File.Publisher | Publisher | Editable DC type for the name of the publisher of the file (EG dc:publisher field in RSS feed).
File.Rank | Rank | Editable file rank for grading favourites. Value should be in the range 1..10.
File.Size | Size | Size of the file in bytes or if a directory number of items it contains.
ID3.AlbumSortOrder | Album Sort Order | String which should be used instead of the album name for sorting purposes.
ID3.AudioCrypto | Audio Encryption | Frame indicates if the audio stream is encrypted, and by whom.
ID3.AudioSeekPoint | Audio Seek Point | Fractional offset within the audio data, providing a starting point from which to find an appropriate point to start decoding.
ID3.Band | Band | Additional information about the performers in the recording.
ID3.BPM | BPM | BPM (beats per minute).
ID3.BufferSize | Buffer Size | Recommended buffer size.
ID3.CDID | CD ID | Music CD identifier.
ID3.Commercial | Commercial | Commercial frame.
ID3.Composer | Composer | Composer.
ID3.Conductor | Conductor | Conductor.
ID3.ContentGroup | Content Group | Content group description.
ID3.ContentType | Content Type | Type of music classification for the track as defined in ID3 spec.
ID3.Copyright | Copyright | Copyright message.
ID3.CryptoReg | Encryption Registration | Encryption method registration.
ID3.Date | Date | Date.
ID3.Emphasis | Emphasis | Emphasis.
ID3.EncodedBy | Encoded By | Person or organisation that encoded the audio file. This field may contain a copyright message, if the audio file also is copyrighted by the encoder.
ID3.EncoderSettings | Encoder Settings | Software.
ID3.EncodingTime | Encoding Time | Encoding time.
ID3.Equalization | Equalization | Equalization.
ID3.Equalization2 | Equalization 2 | Equalisation curve predefine within the audio file.
ID3.EventTiming | Event Timing | Event timing codes.
ID3.FileOwner | File Owner | File owner.
ID3.FileType | File Type | File type.
ID3.Frames | Frames | Number of frames.
ID3.GeneralObject | General Object | General encapsulated object.
ID3.GroupingReg | Grouping Registration | Group identification registration.
ID3.InitialKey | Initial Key | Initial key.
ID3.InvolvedPeople | Involved People | Involved people list.
ID3.InvolvedPeople2 | InvolvedPeople2 | Involved people list.
ID3.Language | Language | Language.
ID3.LinkedInfo | Linked Info | Linked information.
ID3.Lyricist | Lyricist | Lyricist.
ID3.MediaType | Media Type | Media type.
ID3.MixArtist | Mix Artist | Interpreted, remixed, or otherwise modified by.
ID3.Mood | Mood | Mood.
ID3.MPEG.Lookup | MPEG Lookup | MPEG location lookup table.
ID3.MusicianCreditList | Musician Credit List | Musician credits list.
ID3.NetRadioOwner | Net Radio Owner | Internet radio station owner.
ID3.NetRadiostation | Net Radiostation | Internet radio station name.
ID3.OriginalAlbum | Original Album | Original album.
ID3.OriginalArtist | Original Artist | Original artist.
ID3.OriginalFileName | Original File Name | Original file name.
ID3.OriginalLyricist | Original Lyricist | Original lyricist.
ID3.OriginalReleaseTime | Original Release Time | Original release time.
ID3.OriginalYear | Original Year | Original release year.
ID3.Ownership | Ownership | Ownership frame.
ID3.PartInSet | Part of a Set | Part of a set the audio came from.
ID3.PerformerSortOrder | Performer Sort Order | Performer sort order.
ID3.Picture | Picture | Attached picture.
ID3.PlayCounter | Play Counter | Number of times a file has been played.
ID3.PlaylistDelay | Playlist Delay | Playlist delay.
ID3.Popularimeter | Popularimeter | Rating of the audio file.
ID3.PositionSync | Position Sync | Position synchronisation frame.
ID3.Private | Private | Private frame.
ID3.ProducedNotice | Produced Notice | Produced notice.
ID3.Publisher | Publisher | Publisher.
ID3.RecordingDates | Recording Dates | Recording dates.
ID3.RecordingTime | Recording Time | Recording time.
ID3.ReleaseTime | Release Time | Release time.
ID3.Reverb | Reverb | Reverb.
ID3.SetSubtitle | Set Subtitle | Subtitle of the part of a set this track belongs to.
ID3.Signature | Signature | Signature frame.
ID3.Size | Size | Size of the audio file in bytes, excluding the ID3 tag.
ID3.SongLength | Song length | Length of the song in milliseconds.
ID3.Subtitle | Subtitle | Subtitle.
ID3.Syncedlyrics | Synchronized Lyrics | Synchronized lyric.
ID3.SyncedTempo | Synchronized Tempo | Synchronized tempo codes.
ID3.TaggingTime | Tagging Time | Tagging time.
ID3.TermsOfUse | Terms of Use | Terms of use.
ID3.Time | Time | Time.
ID3.TitleSortOrder | Title Sort Order | Title sort order.
ID3.UniqueFileID | Unique File ID | Unique file identifier.
ID3.UnsyncedLyrics | Unsynchronized Lyrics | Unsynchronized lyric.
ID3.UserText | User Text | User defined text information.
ID3.VolumeAdj | Volume Adjustment | Relative volume adjustment.
ID3.VolumeAdj2 | Volume Adjustment 2 | Relative volume adjustment.
ID3.WWWArtist | WWW Artist | Official artist.
ID3.WWWAudioFile | WWW Audio File | Official audio file webpage.
ID3.WWWAudioSource | WWW Audio Source | Official audio source webpage.
ID3.WWWCommercialInfo | WWW Commercial Info | URL pointing at a webpage containing commercial information.
ID3.WWWCopyright | WWW Copyright | URL pointing at a webpage that holds copyright.
ID3.WWWPayment | WWW Payment | URL pointing at a webpage that will handle the process of paying for this file.
ID3.WWWPublisher | WWW Publisher | URL pointing at the official webpage for the publisher.
ID3.WWWRadioPage | WWW Radio Page | Official internet radio station homepage.
ID3.WWWUser | WWW User | User defined URL link.
Image.Album | Album | Name of an album the image belongs to.
Image.Comments | Comments | User definable free text.
Image.Copyright | Copyright | Embedded copyright message.
Image.Creator | Creator | Name of the author.
Image.Date | Date | Datetime image was originally created.
Image.Description | Description | Description of the image.
Image.ExposureProgram | Exposure Program | The program used by the camera to set exposure when the picture is taken. EG Manual, Normal, Aperture priority etc.
Image.ExposureTime | Exposure Time | Exposure time used to capture the photo in seconds.
Image.Flash | Flash | Set to "1" if flash was fired.
Image.Fnumber | F Number | Diameter of the aperture relative to the effective focal length of the lens.
Image.FocalLength | Focal Length | Focal length of lens in mm.
Image.Height | Height | Height in pixels.
Image.ISOSpeed | ISO Speed | ISO speed used to acquire the document contents. For example, 100, 200, 400, etc.
Image.Keywords | Keywords | String of keywords.
Image.Make | Make | Make of camera used to take the image.
Image.MeteringMode | Metering Mode | Metering mode used to acquire the image (IE Unknown, Average, CenterWeightedAverage, Spot, MultiSpot, Pattern, Partial).
Image.Model | Model | Model of camera used to take the image.
Image.Orientation | Orientation | Represents the orientation of the image wrt camera (IE "top,left" or "bottom,right").
Image.Software | Software | Software used to produce/enhance the image.
Image.Title | Title | Title of image.
Image.WhiteBalance | White Balance | White balance setting of the camera when the picture was taken (auto or manual).
Image.Width | Width | Width in pixels.
IPTC.ActionAdvised | Action Advised | The type of action that this object provides to a previous object. '01' Object Kill, '02' Object Replace, '03' Object Append, '04' Object Reference.
IPTC.ARMID | ARM Identifier | Identifies the Abstract Relationship Method (ARM).
IPTC.ARMVersion | ARM Version | Identifies the version of the Abstract Relationship Method (ARM).
IPTC.AudioDuration | Audio Duration | The running time of the audio data in the form HHMMSS.
IPTC.AudioOutcue | Audio Outcue | The content at the end of the audio data.
IPTC.AudioSamplingRate | Audio Sampling Rate | The sampling rate in Hz of the audio data.
IPTC.AudioSamplingRes | Audio Sampling Resolution | The number of bits in each audio sample.
IPTC.AudioType | Audio Type | The number of channels and type of audio (music, text, etc.) in the object.
IPTC.Byline | By-line | Name of the creator of the object, e.g. writer, photographer or graphic artist (multiple values allowed).
IPTC.BylineTitle | By-line Title | Title of the creator or creators of the object.
IPTC.Caption | Caption, Abstract | A textual description of the data.
IPTC.Category | Category | Identifies the subject of the object in the opinion of the provider (Deprecated).
IPTC.CharacterSet | Coded Character Set | Control functions used for the announcement, invocation or designation of coded character sets.
IPTC.City | City | City of object origin.
IPTC.ConfirmedDataSize | Confirmed Data Size | Total size of the object data.
IPTC.Contact | Contact | The person or organization which can provide further background information on the object (multiple values allowed).
IPTC.ContentLocCode | Content Location Code | The code of a country/geographical location referenced by the content of the object (multiple values allowed).
IPTC.ContentLocName | Content Location Name | A full, publishable name of a country/geographical location referenced by the content of the object (multiple values allowed).
IPTC.CopyrightNotice | Copyright Notice | Any necessary copyright notice.
IPTC.CountryCode | Country Code | The code of the country/primary location where the object was created.
IPTC.CountryName | Country Name | The name of the country/primary location where the object was created.
IPTC.Credit | Credit | Identifies the provider of the object, not necessarily the owner/creator.
IPTC.DateCreated | Date Created | The date the intellectual content of the object was created rather than the date of the creation of the physical representation.
IPTC.DateSent | Date Sent | The day the service sent the material.
IPTC.Destination | Destination | Routing information.
IPTC.DigitalCreationDate | Digital Creation Date | The date the digital representation of the object was created.
IPTC.DigitalCreationTime | Digital Creation Time | The time the digital representation of the object was created.
IPTC.EditorialUpdate | Editorial Update | The type of update this object provides to a previous object. The link to the previous object is made using the ARM. '01' indicates an additional language.
IPTC.EditStatus | Edit Status | Status of the object, according to the practice of the provider.
IPTC.EnvelopeNum | Envelope Number | A number unique for the date and the service ID.
IPTC.EnvelopePriority | Envelope Priority | Specifies the envelope handling priority and not the editorial urgency. '1' for most urgent, '5' for normal, and '8' for least urgent. '9' is user-defined.
IPTC.ExpirationDate | Expiration Date | Designates the latest date the provider intends the object to be used.
IPTC.ExpirationTime | Expiration Time | Designates the latest time the provider intends the object to be used.
IPTC.FileFormat | File Format | File format of the data described by this metadata.
IPTC.FileVersion | File Version | Version of the file format.
IPTC.FixtureID | Fixture Identifier | Identifies objects that recur often and predictably, enabling users to immediately find or recall such an object.
IPTC.Headline | Headline | A publishable entry providing a synopsis of the contents of the object.
IPTC.ImageOrientation | Image Orientation | The layout of the image area: 'P' for portrait, 'L' for landscape, and 'S' for square.
IPTC.ImageType | Image Type | The data format of the image object.
IPTC.Keywords | Keywords | Used to indicate specific information retrieval words (multiple values allowed).
IPTC.LanguageID | Language Identifier | The major national language of the object, according to the 2-letter codes of ISO 639:1988.
IPTC.MaxObjectSize | Maximum Object Size | The largest possible size of the object if the size is not known.
IPTC.MaxSubfileSize | Max Subfile Size | The maximum size for a subfile dataset containing a portion of the object data.
IPTC.ModelVersion | Model Version | Version of IIM part 1.
IPTC.ObjectAttribute | Object Attribute Reference | Defines the nature of the object independent of the subject (multiple values allowed).
IPTC.ObjectCycle | Object Cycle | Where 'a' is morning, 'p' is evening, 'b' is both.
IPTC.ObjectName | Object Name | A shorthand reference for the object.
IPTC.ObjectSizeAnnounced | Object Size Announced | The total size of the object data if it is known.
IPTC.ObjectType | Object Type Reference | Distinguishes between different types of objects within the IIM.
IPTC.OriginatingProgram | Originating Program | The type of program used to originate the object.
IPTC.OrigTransRef | Original Transmission Reference | A code representing the location of original transmission.
IPTC.PreviewData | Preview Data | The object preview data.
IPTC.PreviewFileFormat | Preview File Format | Binary value indicating the file format of the object preview data.
IPTC.PreviewFileFormatVer | Preview File Format Version | The version of the preview file format.
IPTC.ProductID | Product ID | Allows a provider to identify subsets of its overall service.
IPTC.ProgramVersion | Program Version | The version of the originating program.
IPTC.Province | Province, State | The Province/State where the object originates.
IPTC.RasterizedCaption | Rasterized Caption | Contains rasterized object description and is used where characters that have not been coded are required for the caption.
IPTC.RecordVersion | Record Version | Identifies the version of the IIM, Part 2.
IPTC.RefDate | Reference Date | The date of a prior envelope to which the current object refers.
IPTC.RefNumber | Reference Number | The Envelope Number of a prior envelope to which the current object refers.
IPTC.RefService | Reference Service | The Service Identifier of a prior envelope to which the current object refers.
IPTC.ReleaseDate | Release Date | Designates the earliest date the provider intends the object to be used.
IPTC.ReleaseTime | Release Time | Designates the earliest time the provider intends the object to be used.
IPTC.ServiceID | Service Identifier | Identifies the provider and product.
IPTC.SizeMode | Size Mode | Set to 0 if the size of the object is known and 1 if not known.
IPTC.Source | Source | The original owner of the intellectual content of the object.
IPTC.SpecialInstructions | Special Instructions | Other editorial instructions concerning the use of the object.
IPTC.State | Province, State | The Province/State where the object originates.
IPTC.Subfile | Subfile | The object data itself. Subfiles must be sequential so that the subfiles may be reassembled.
IPTC.SubjectRef | Subject Reference | A structured definition of the subject matter. It must contain an IPR, an 8 digit Subject Reference Number and an optional Subject Name, Subject Matter Name, and Subject Detail Name each separated by a colon (:).
IPTC.Sublocation | Sub-location | The location within a city from which the object originates.
IPTC.SupplCategory | Supplemental Category | Further refines the subject of the object (Deprecated).
IPTC.TimeCreated | Time Created | The time the intellectual content of the object was created rather than the date of the creation of the physical representation (multiple values allowed).
IPTC.TimeSent | Time Sent | The time the service sent the material.
IPTC.UNO | Unique Name of Object | An eternal, globally unique identification for the object, independent of provider and for any media form.
IPTC.Urgency | Urgency | Specifies the editorial urgency of content and not necessarily the envelope handling priority. '1' is most urgent, '5' normal, and '8' least urgent.
IPTC.WriterEditor | Writer/Editor | The name of the person involved in the writing, editing or correcting the object or caption/abstract (multiple values allowed).
PDF.PageSize | Page Size | Page size format.
PDF.PageWidth | Page Width | Page width in mm.
PDF.PageHeight | Page Height | Page height in mm.
PDF.Version | PDF Version | The PDF version of the document.
PDF.Producer | Producer | The application that converted the document to PDF.
PDF.EmbeddedFiles | Embedded Files | Number of embedded files in the document.
PDF.Optimized | Fast Web View | Set to "1" if optimized for network access.
PDF.Printing | Printing | Set to "1" if printing is allowed.
PDF.HiResPrinting | Printing in High Resolution | Set to "1" if high resolution printing is allowed.
PDF.Copying | Copying | Set to "1" if copying the contents is allowed.
PDF.Modifying | Modifying | Set to "1" if modifying the contents is allowed.
PDF.DocAssembly | Document Assembly | Set to "1" if inserting, rotating, or deleting pages and creating navigation elements is allowed.
PDF.Commenting | Commenting | Set to "1" if adding or modifying text annotations is allowed.
PDF.FormFilling | Form Filling | Set to "1" if filling of form fields is allowed.
PDF.AccessibilitySupport | Accessibility Support | Set to "1" if accessibility support (eg. screen readers) is enabled.
Vorbis.Contact | Contact | Contact information for the creators or distributors of the track.
Vorbis.Description | Description | A textual description of the data.
Vorbis.License | License | License information.
Vorbis.Location | Location | Location where track was recorded.
Vorbis.Contact | Maximum bitrate | Maximum bitrate in kbps.
Vorbis.Contact | Minimum bitrate | Minimum bitrate in kbps.
Vorbis.Contact | Nominal bitrate | Nominal bitrate in kbps.
Vorbis.Organization | Organization | Organization producing the track.
Vorbis.Vendor | Vendor | Vorbis vendor ID.
Vorbis.Version | Vorbis Version | Vorbis version.

Non-existent metatags are expanded to empty strings.

#### Ranges

Ranges are a method of accessing a part of a string. The concept of ranges is based on python slices.

A range (start_index:end_index) starts at the start_index and finishes one character before the end_index.

Range syntax

- (start_index:end_index)

- (start_index) ≡ (start_index:)

- (start_index,length) ≡ (start_index:start_index+length)

If one of the indices is dropped, it is assumed that you want everything in that direction. I.e. (:3) means "every character from the beginning of the string up to character 3, non-inclusive." (3:) would, on the other hand, mean "every character from the string, starting at character 3 (inclusive) up to, and including, the last one." If index is negative, it is relative to the end of the string. Index -3 stands for "the third character from the end of the string".

Position of the first letter is '0'.

#### g_date_time_format() format controls

The date format is defined by GIO's g_date_time_format() function. Below you will find a number of format qualifiers of this function. For more information please read the online documentation, which might provide even more qualifiers.

Placeholder | Replacement
--- | ---
%a | The abbreviated weekday name according to the current locale
%A | The abbreviated month name according to the current locale
%b | The abbreviated month name according to the current locale
%B | The full month name according to the current locale
%c | The preferred date and time representation for the current locale
%C | The century number (year/100) as a 2-digit integer
%d | The day of the month as a decimal number (range 01 to 31)
%e | Like %d, the day of the month as a decimal number, but a leading zero is replaced by a space
%F | Equivalent to %Y-%m-%d (the ISO 8601 date format)
%G | The ISO 8601 year with century as a decimal number. The 4-digit year corresponding to the ISO week number (see %V). This has the same format and value as %y, except that if the ISO week number belongs to the previous or next year, that year is used instead
%g | Like %G, but without century, i.e., with a 2-digit year (00-99)
%h | Equivalent to %b
%H | The hour as a decimal number using a 24-hour clock (range 00 to 23)
%I | The hour as a decimal number using a 12-hour clock (range 01 to 12)
%j | The day of the year as a decimal number (range 001 to 366)
%k | The hour (24-hour clock) as a decimal number (range 0 to 23); single digits are preceded by a blank (see also %H)
%l | The hour (12-hour clock) as a decimal number (range 1 to 12); single digits are preceded by a blank (see also %I)
%m | The month as a decimal number (range 01 to 12)
%M | The minute as a decimal number (range 00 to 59)
%O | Modifier: use alternative format, see below
%p | Either "AM" or "PM" according to the given time value, or the corresponding strings for the current locale. Noon is treated as "pm" and midnight as "am"
%P | Like %p but in lowercase: "am" or "pm" or a corresponding string for the current locale
%r | The time in a.m. or p.m. notation. In the POSIX locale this is equivalent to "%I:%M:%S %p"
%R | The time in 24-hour notation (%H:%M). For a version including the seconds, see %T below
%s | The number of seconds since the Epoch, i.e., since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC
%S | The second as a decimal number (range 00 to 61)
%T | The time in 24-hour notation (%H:%M:%S)
%u | The day of the week as a decimal, range 1 to 7, Monday being 1. See also %w
%V | The ISO 8601:1988 week number of the current year as a decimal number, range 01 to 53, where week 1 is the first week that has at least 4 days in the current year, and with Monday as the first day of the week. See also %U and %W
%w | The day of the week as a decimal, range 0 to 6, Sunday being 0. See also %u
%x | The preferred date representation for the current locale without the time
%X | The preferred time representation for the current locale without the date
%y | The year as a decimal number without a century (range 00 to 99)
%Y | The year as a decimal number including the century
%z | The time-zone as hour offset from GMT. Required to emit RFC822-conformant dates (using "%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S %z")
%Z | The time zone or name or abbreviation
%+ | The date and time in date format
%% | A literal "%" character

Some conversion specifiers can be modified by preceding them by the O modifier to indicate that an alternative format should be used. If the alternative format or specification does not exist for the current locale, the behaviour will be as if the unmodified conversion specification were used.

### Remote Connections

The Remote Connections dialog gives an overview about the stored connections to remote servers. It is also your starting point for opening a connection to a remote server.

Open the dialog by clicking Connections Remote Server... in the menu bar or by hitting CTRL F.

It is divided into four parts:

1. Connections list,

2. Buttons to Add, Edit and to Remove a selected connection,

3. Option for setting the anonymous FTP password globally.

4. A Close and a Connect button.

Double click on a connection or select a connection and hit ENTER will open the remote connection in the active pane of &app;.

An example figure with three anonymous FTP and one secure SSH connection is shown below.

In the subsection it is shown how to edit a connection by clicking on the Add or Edit button.

#### Remote Connections Overview

Overview of remote servers.

#### Adding and Configuring Remote Connections

Remote connection details can be set up temporarily or permanently, depending on how they are added to &app;:

- By hitting the shortcut CTRL N a temporary connection is configured. That's why no connection alias is needed in this case. If you restart &app;, the connection details have to be entered again to connect to the same server.

- By adding a remote connection via the Add button in the Remote Connections dialog (see above), the connection is stored permanently in this dialog. If you restart &app; the stored connection is available again.

Currently, (&app; version 1.4) there are six different connection types available:

1. SSH

2. Public FTP

3. FTP (with login)

4. Windows share

5. WebDAV (HTTP)

6. Secure WebDAV (HTTPS)

7. Custom location

Depending on the choice, different login details have to be entered in the Remote Server dialog.

See an example for a public FTP server in the figure below.

##### Creating Server Connection

Creating a new remote server connection.

### Using the Internal Viewer

The internal viewer allows viewing contents of files in text, Unicode, binary, hex or graphical mode.

To start viewing files use F3 (default viewer - defined in Settings Options...) or SHIFT F3 (internal viewer). The internal viewer uses MMAP whenever possible for the fastest file loading.

#### View Modes

The View Modes group (In the View menu) contains the preferences that you can set to view images and texts in the internal viewer window:

1. Text mode

2. Binary mode

3. Hex dump mode

4. Image mode

For all of the three text modes (mode 1 to 3) you can change the text encoding in Text Encoding.

For the image display mode you can choose if additional meta data should be shown below the image by selecting Image Show Metadata Tags.

Below of the View Modes in the View menu you can set the zoom factor. You can

- Zoom in (CTRL+),

- Zoom out (CTRL-),

- Zoom to normal size (CTRL 0), or

- Fit the image into the window of the internal viewer.

#### To Scroll an Image

To scroll around an image that is larger than the image window or full screen window, you can use the following methods:

- Use the arrow keys on the keyboard.

- Drag the scrollbars on the window borders.

- Move the mouse scroll wheel for up/down movement; CTRL+mouse wheel for left/right movement

- Click at a random position of the image and drag it by pulling your mouse in the opposite direction to which you want to scroll. For example, if you want to scroll down the image, drag the image upwards.

#### Keyboard mappings

Shortcut | Mapping
--- | ---
Escape CTRL Q | Closes the internal viewer window
W | Toggles line wrapping (applicable only in text display modes)
T ALT ENTER | Shows metadata tags
Input Modes:
A | Sets ASCII input mode. When in ASCII mode, you can also set the required character encoding from the "View|Character Encoding" submenu
Q | Sets ASCII input mode, with codepage 437 encoding (suitable for binary and hex mode viewing)
U | Sets UTF-8 input mode
Display modes:
1 | Sets display mode to text, with fixed width font
2 | Sets display mode to binary. Switching to Binary display mode will automatically set ASCII input mode (UTF-8 is not supported with binary display)
3 | Sets display mode to hex dump. Switching to hex display mode will automatically set ASCII input mode (UTF-8 is not supported with hex dump display)
4 | Tries to load the file as an image. Loading is done using GDK, so every GDK-supported format should work.
Zooming:
CTRL+ | Zooms in or increment the font size
CTRL- | Zooms out or decrement the font size
CTRL 0 | Sets normal size
Image manipulation:
CTRL R | Rotates the image 90° (applicable only in IMAGE display mode)
CTRL SHIFT R | Rotates the image 270° (applicable only in IMAGE display mode)
Image manipulation:
CTRL S | Saves the current window size, input mode, and other settings as the default. Starting display mode is determined by the file's content, and is not saved as a user setting.

## Settings

To configure &app;, hit CTRL O or in the menubar choose Settings Options... The Options dialog contains the following tabbed sections:

### General

The General tab is used to configure the &app; basic behavior.

The settings alter the behavior of the following features:

- Left mouse button configures the action resulting from clicking the left mouse button.

- Middle mouse button configures the action resulting from clicking the middle mouse button.

- Right mouse button configures the action resulting from clicking the right mouse button.

- Deletion configures the usage of the trash can.

- Selection makes directories selectable also by keyboard shortcuts.

- Sorting/Quick search configures whether sorting and the quick search is case sensitive.

- Quick search configures the combination of keys used for quick search and also the pattern matching system used.

- Multiple instances configures the number of &app; that can be launched

- Save on exit configures the storage of location when &app; is closed.

To modify the general options click on Settings Options..., then click on the General tab.

The options available are described in more details in the .

#### General option tab

Header | Option | Description
--- | --- | ---
Left Mouse button | Single click to open items | When selecting this option, a single left mouse button click on a file will open it with the default application.
| Double click to open items | When selecting this option, a double click with the left mouse button on a file will open it with the default application.
| Single click unselects files | When selecting this option, a single left mouse button click on an unselected file or folder will unselect the current selection. If the option is not active a left click on any file will not affect the current selection.
Middle Mouse button | Up one directory | When selecting this option a middle click with the mouse on any item in &app; will display the parent directory of the current one. The middle click is usually emulated by clicking both left and right buttons simultaneously on two buttons mice.
| Opens new tab | When selecting this option, a middle click on a directory in &app; with the mouse will open it in a new tab.
Right Mouse button | Shows pop up menu | When selecting this option a right click with the mouse on an item in &app; will open a contextual menu at the location of the click.
| Select files | When selecting this option, a right click on an item in &app; with the mouse will select it.
Deletion | Move to trash | When selecting this option files and folders are by default moved to trash instead of deleting them permanently.
Sorting/Quick search | Case sensitive | When this option is activated &app; will differentiate the sorting order between upper case and lower case, upper case items are then listed before lower case ones. Also the quicksearch will differentiate between upper case and lower case if this option is activated.
Quick search using | CTRL+ALT+Letters | By selecting this option when you press CTRL Alt Letter &app; will scroll down the selection cursor in the active pane to the first item using that letter. You can then enter more letters after the first one to refine the search. By then pressing the up or down arrow key the cursor will jump to all files or folders which match your selection.
| Alt+letters (menu access with F10) | When you press Alt Letter &app; will scroll down the selection cursor in the active pane to the first item using that letter. You can then enter more letters after the first one to refine the search. By selecting this option you alter the standard GNOME behavior and to access the menus with the keyboard you will need to use the F10 key.

Just letters (command line access with CTRL Alt C)

When you press a letter &app; will scroll down the selection cursor in the active pane to the first item using that letter. You can then enter more letters after the first one to refine the search.

By selecting this option you alter the standard GNOME behavior and to access the command line with the keyboard you will need to use the command CTRL Alt C.

| Match beginning of the file name | By selecting this option when you start to search for a letter or a letter combination, &app; will scroll down the selection cursor in the active pane to the first item beginning with that letter or that letter combination.
| Match end of the file name | By selecting this option when you start to search for a letter or a letter combination, &app; will scroll down the selection cursor in the active pane to the first item ending with that letter or that letter combination.
Multiple instances | Don't start a new instance | By activating this option &app; can only have one instance running.
Save on exit | Directories | By activating this option &app; saves the current folder location on exit. When restarted, the two active location are reopened. Regardless of 'Save on exit' option, locations for locked tabs are always saved on exit.
| Tabs | By activating this option &app; saves all the opened tabs locations on exit. When restarted, all the tabs are reopened in their previous location.
| Directory history | By activating this option &app; saves the history of opened directories on exit. When restarted, the history of visited directories is accessible again.
| Commandline history | By activating this option &app; saves the history of executed commandline commands on exit. When restarted, the history of commands in the commandline accessible again.

### Format

The Format tab contains the options on how file informations are displayed.

- Size display mode select the size information format.

- Permission display mode select the permissions display format.

- Date format select the date display format.

To modify the Format options click on Settings Options..., then click on the Format tab.

The options available are described in more details in the

#### Format options

Shows &app; format preferences dialog.

#### Format option tab

Header | Option | Description
--- | --- | ---
Size display mode | Powered | The powered option displays file sizes using units such as B KB MB
| <locale> | The locale option uses the current local settings number format to display the file size in bytes.
| Grouped | The grouped entry displays the file size in groups of three digits separated by a space. The unit used is the byte.
| Plain | The plain option displays the file size in bytes without any separation.
Permission display mode | Text (rw-r--r--) | Display the permission in text format. Using r for read, w for write, x for executable.
| Number (644) | Display the permission in octal numerical format.
Date format | Format | The date format is defined by GIO's g_date_time_format() function. For more information about possible date format qualifiers read more at .

### Layout

The layout preferences tab allows you to configure the appearance of &app;. You can allocate fonts, row heights, icons and color theme.

- File Panes: In this section you can modify the way &app; is displayed.

- Mime icon settings in this section you can configure how and which icons display when they are enabled in the previous section.

To modify the Panes layout options click on Settings Options..., then click on the Layout tab.

The options available are described in more details in the

#### Layout options

Shows &app; layout preferences dialog.

#### Layout option tab

Header | Option | Description
--- | --- | ---
File panes | Font | This button opens a font selection dialog, where you can preview and select the preferred font and size in which text is displayed in the panes.
| Row height | This is the height of every row displayed in the panes in pixels you can increase or decrease it here using the spin button or entering the size manually.

Display file extensions

You can select here how file extensions are displayed in this drop down list. There are three options available:

- In both columns where the extension is displayed in filename and extension columns

- In separate column where the extension is displayed in its own column

- With filename where the extension is only displayed in the file name column; in this case the ext column is still displayed to allow sorting by extension

Graphical mode

The graphical mode has three display options in the drop down list:

- No icons this option does not display an icon item in the first column in the pane it displays a "/" in front of directories to distinguish them from files.

- File type icons this option displays simple icons for files and folder.

- MIME icons this option displays the mime icon associated with the file type. Selecting this option activates the MIME icon settings section below.

| Color scheme | &app; comes with six color themes. You can also use the theme as defined by your current GNOME theme (Respect theme colors). There is also an option to customize the theme (Custom). This option activates the Edit button.
| Edit | When the Custom option is selected this button activates. Clicking on it will open a dialog box where you can select row and alternate row colors for the foreground (text color) and background, the alternate colors are used by every other row, the selected file colors and the cursor position colors. For more information see below at .
| Colorize files according to the LS_COLORS environment variable | This option uses LS_COLORS variable to highlight file types just like the command "ls". For more information see below at .
MIME icon settings | Icon size | Specify the size of icons used to represent the files when MIME icon is activated above.
| Scaling quality | Select the render quality of the icons (higher is better).
| Theme icon directory | If you wish to customize the theme icon select the folder containing the custom icons here.

#### Configuring Custom Colors

To configure the custom colors for &app; click on Settings Options, click on the Layout tab, Select Custom in the Color scheme: drop down list then click the Edit button.

This feature allows you to configure how &app; displays elements to suit your needs. By default the unselected elements are all displayed in the same way. This can become confusing, to solve this you can configure alternate colors for alternate rows.

Foreground describes the color used for the text, and background is the background color used for the row.

- Default this is the text and background colors used by default. These colors are used for standard unselected items.

- Alternate If you wish to have a different color on alternate rows to help distinguish the files you can change the colors defined here. By default they are set to the same colors as the default.

- Selected File, all selected items will be marked using the colors defined here. They differ from the default to help visualization of the marked items.

- Cursor is the row currently activated. This highlights the position and is useful when navigating files with the keyboard.

See the example figure of the Edit Colors... dialog below.

##### Configuring Custom Colors

Shows &app; dialog for editing custom colors.

#### Configuring Custom LS_COLORS

&app; does not differentiate files types by default.

You can configure it to differentiate file types like LS_COLORS does when using the command shell. For more information on this you can look up the dir_colors man page.

To enable the use of LS_COLORS for &app; click on Settings Options, than on the Layout tab and activate the Colorize files according to the LS_COLORS environment variable check box.

If you prefer other shades of colors than given by the LS_COLOR variable you may change them by clicking on the Edit colors... button.

Some users reported that custom LS_COLORS, defined in ~/.dir_colors, are not applied if &app; was started by clicking on a .desktop file or by starting it using the GNOME menu. In that case you have to make sure that LS_COLORS is set in the file ~/.profile or ~/.xprofile.

For this you will need to find out the default TERM value of your system. Therefore, login to a virtual terminal by pressing CTRL ALT F1 and execute the command echo $TERM. If the output is linux, the entry in ~/.profile might look like this:

       # Set colors
       export TERM=linux
       test -r ~/.dir_colors && eval "$(dircolors -b ~/.dir_colors)"

### Tabs

The tabs preferences tab allows you to configure parameters for tabs.

- By checking Always show the tab bar in the tab bar section, &app; will always show the tab bar, even if only one tab is opened.

- In the tab lock indicator section, you can configure the way how a locked tab will by indicated. There are three different possibilities:

  - Lock icon: An icon is shown,

  - * (asterix): An asterix is shown,

  - Styled text: The name of the tab is colored.

#### Tabs options

Shows &app; tabs preferences dialog.

### Confirmation

The Confirmation tab allows you to configure when a confirmation dialog is displayed. You may also configure the behavior of &app; when the confirmation dialog does not appear.

- Delete whether deleting an item needs to be confirmed

- Copy overwrite configure the action when an item copied already exists in the target location

- Move overwrite configure the action when an item moved already exists in the target location

- Default Drag and Drop Action configure the action when an item is dropped after dragging it with the mouse

To modify the confirmation settings click on Settings Options..., then click on the Confirmation tab.

The options available are described in more details in the .

#### Confirmation options

Shows &app; confirmation preferences dialog.

#### Layout option tab

Header | Option | Description
--- | --- | ---
Delete | Confirm before delete | When activated &app; opens a dialog to confirm file deletion.
| Confirm defaults to OK | Selects default action in the dialog.
Copy overwrite | Silently | When this option is selected and if a file name in the target location is the same as one of the files copied it will be silently overwritten.
| Query first | When this option is selected and if a file name in the target location is the same as one of the files copied &app; will open a dialog asking for user confirmation. The user can authorize the overwriting of the file or skip the file.
| Skip all | When this option is selected and if a file name in the target location is the same as one of the files copied, the files will be skipped and not copied into the target directory.
Move overwrite | Silently | When this option is selected and if a file name in the target location is the same as one of the files moved it will be silently overwritten.
| Query first | When this option is selected and if a file name in the target location is the same as one of the files moved &app; will open a dialog asking for user confirmation. The user can authorize the overwriting of the file or skip the file. The skipped file will then be still present in the source location.
| Skip all | When this option is selected and if a file name in the target location is the same as one of the files copied, the file will be skipped and not moved into the target directory. The selected files will not be moved

Drag and Drop

Confirm mouse operation

When this option is selected and if an item is dragged and dropped by using the mouse, a dialog opens in which the user is asked what should happen:

- Copy here: A copy of the item is created

- Move here: The item is moved

- Link here: A link to the item is created

- Cancel: No action is performed

### Filters

The filter section of the option dialog allows you to select which types of files are hidden.

To modify the filter settings click on Settings Options..., then click on the Filters tab.

The description for the files you can add in the hidden section is in the

#### Filters options

Shows &app; filters preferences dialog.

#### Filters option tab

Header | Option | Description
--- | --- | ---
Filetypes to hide | Unknown | Unknown filetypes are files that MIME does not have a definition for (on this system).
| Regular files | Any normal files that contain text or binary executable.
| Directories | Directories or folders are special types of files that contain a list of other files.
| Fifo files | A FIFO file does not contain any user information. Instead, it allows two or more processes to communicate with each other by reading/writing to/from this file.
| Socket files | Socket files are the representation of physical devices in the filesystem.
| Character devices | A peripheral device that transfers data one byte at a time such as a serial port.
| Block devices | A peripheral device that transfers a group of bytes of data at a time such as a disk.
Also hide | Hidden Files | Hidden files and directory in linux are preceded by the ".". Hidden files usually contain application settings
| Backup files | Backup files are standard files. They contain a previous version of a file using the same name. The extension of this file is usually changed to "~" or "bak".
| Symlinks | A symlink is an object linking to a file or a folder.
| Backup files | If backup files are hidden you can add more filename extensions here that are used as backup files on your system.

### Programs

This section of the options dialog lets you configure preferred applications for different tasks. In the Other favourite apps section you can specify even more applications for opening certain document types. See and below for more information.

#### Programs options

Shows &app; programs preferences dialog.

#### Programs option tab

Header | Option | Description
--- | --- | ---
MIME application | Always download remote files before opening in external program | Whether the associated application is started before the remote file is downloaded locally.
Standard programs | Viewer: | Set which application is used when the view command is used by pressing the F3 key. Default value: "gedit %s". %s is the variable containing the selected items. See tab for more information. By default &app; uses an internal viewer. See next row.
| Use internal viewer | When this option is activated (default) &app; uses its internal viewer to display the selected item, if it is deactivated the application defined above will be used instead.
| Editor: | In this text box you can type in the command line used to start your favourite text editor. Default value: "gedit %s"
| Differ: | In this text box you can type in the command line used to start your favourite comparison tool. %s is the variable containing the selected files to compare. Default value: "meld %s"
| Send files: | In this text box you can type in the command line used to send files to a preferred application. %s is the variable containing the selected files to be sent. Default value: "nautilus-sendto %s"
| Terminal: | In this text box you can type in the command line used to start you favourite terminal application. Default value: "gnome-terminal".
Other favorite apps | Add | You can add any other application in this section. The applications defined here will appear in the contextual menu. A dialog box is opened when you click on this button. This dialog box options are described below.
| Edit | Clicking this button will open a dialog were you can modify the parameters used to launch the application selected. The same dialog box as above is opened when you click on this button. This dialog box options are described below.
| Remove | Clicking this button will remove the application selected from the list.
| Up | Clicking this button will move the application up in the list, this will also affect the order in which the list is displayed in the contextual menu.
| Down | Clicking this button will move the application down in the list, this will also affect the order in which the list is displayed in the contextual menu.
Global app options | Terminal command for apps in the list above | In this text box you can type in the command line used to start your app from the list above with a favourite terminal application. %s is the variable used to pass the command to be executed in the terminal. Default value: "gnome-terminal -e %s".
| Leave terminal window open | With this checkbox you can decide if you want the leave a terminal window open when the command in it finishes.

As you can see in the list above, "%s" can be used for filename expansion. All possible expansion types are listed in the table below:

#### String expansion

String | Expands to...
--- | ---
%f | File name (or list for multiple selections)
%F | Quoted filename (or list for multiple selections)
%p | Full file system path (or list for multiple selections)
%P | Quoted full file system path (or list for multiple selections)
%s | Synonym for %P (for compatibility with previous versions of &app;)
%u | Fully qualified URI for the file (or list for multiple selections)
%d | Full path to the directory containing file
%D | Quoted full path to the directory containing file
%% | Percent sign

The section below describes the process of adding or modifying other applications to the contextual menu

In the box you can input a number of different parameters to run the application you want. You will probably need to check the various options available for the application in its manual pages.

The dialog box used to modify existing applications is the same as the one described below.

#### New Application dialog

Shows &app; new application dialog.

#### New Application tab

Header | Option | Description
--- | --- | ---
Label: |  | This text box contains the label that is displayed in the contextual menu.
Command: |  | This text box contains the command line used to start the application and open the selected items. It is recommended that you read the help or the manual pages of the application to start it properly and to configure it with the correct options.
Icon: | Choose Icon | Clicking on this button opens a dialog box where you can choose the Icon that will displayed in the contextual menu.
Options | Can handle multiple files | Whether the application can handle multiple file names to be passed in the command used to start it.
| Can handle URIs | Whether the application can handle a file name provided as a URI. This is especially important when you work on remote files. You can get more information about this in the Help and Manual pages of the application itself.
| Requires terminal | Whether the application requires a terminal to be opened. In this case &app; starts the application in an independent terminal.
Show for | All files | When this option is selected right clicking on any file will display the application in the contextual menu.
| All directories | When this option is selected right clicking on any directory will display the application in the contextual menu.
| All directories and files | When this option is selected right clicking on any file or directory will display the application in the contextual menu.
| Some files | When this option is selected right clicking on the files specified in the File patterns below will display the application in the contextual menu.
| File patterns | This contains the file extensions specific to the application. The syntax is as follow: "*.extension" use ";" as a separator between the different extensions if there are more than one.

### Devices

This section of the option dialog lets you configure devices so that you can access them by pressing a button in the device buttons toolbar or an entry in the connections menu.

This can be useful if you have configured devices through your fstab file. In this case, these devices might not be shown automatically in the devices buttons toolbar.

- In the Devices window all devices which have been added manually are shown together with their icon.

- Below the Devices window you have two options:

  - Show Samba workgroups icons: If activated, a SMB workgroups icon will be shown in the device buttons toolbar.

  - Show only the icons: If activated, device icons are shown without their alias name in the device buttons toolbar.

On the right hand side there are five buttons, described in the table below.

#### Devices options

Shows &app; devices preferences dialog.

#### Devices tab

Header | Option | Description
--- | --- | ---
Devices: | Add: | You can add a device by pressing this button. The device defined here will appear in the device buttons toolbar and an entry in the connections menu. A dialog box is opened when you click on this button.
| Edit: | Clicking this button will open a dialog were you can modify a device which is selected in the Devices window list.
| Remove: | Clicking this button will remove the application selected from the Devices window list.
| Up: | Clicking this button will move the device up in the list. This will also affect the order in which the list is displayed in the contextual menu.
| Down: | Clicking this button will move the device down in the list. This will also affect the order in which the list is displayed in the contextual menu.

The dialog box used to add new and to modify existing devices is the same. The explanation for this one follows below.

#### Devices option tab

Header | Option | Description
--- | --- | ---
Alias: |  | This text box contains the label that is displayed in the contextual menu.

Device/Label:

This text box contains the device which should be accessed. Usually it is located in the /dev directory, so you can for example write /dev/sdx1 here. The device would then be mounted via "mount /dev/sdx1". On the other hand you can also add a label of a device which you have configured in the system fstab. If the string entered in the text box does not start with a "/" character (e.g. Media), the device is mounted with "mount -L" (e.g. "mount -L Media").

Mount point: |  | Here you specify where the device should be mounted to, so that &app; knows where to jump to when the mount was successful, for example /mnt/cdrom.
Icon |  | By clicking on the button you can specify the icon which should be displayed in the contextual menu.

## Keyboard Shortcuts

In this section the keyboard shortcuts in &app; are presented. In the table below you will find each keyboard shortcut, its mappings and an info if it is user definable.

If you want to know more about how to change a keyboard shortcut or how to assign a new one (if user definable), look at the section .

The daily usage of &app; is very effective if you know by heart at least the most important keyboard shortcuts for moving and file handling (see section ). Learn them and &app; will be an even more effective tool for you.

Some keyboard shortcuts may not work as expected under your environment, e.g. GNOME. The reason for that is that the environment uses some global shortcuts (i.e. ALT F7 moves the entire application window in GNOME), which suppresses assigned keyboard mapping of &app;. Use the keyboard shortcuts preference tool of your environment to customize the default keyboard shortcuts to your requirements.

Shortcut | Mapping | User definable
--- | --- | ---
F1 | Help |
F2 | Rename a file |
F3 | View files |
F4 | Edit file |
F5 | Copy files |
F6 | Rename or move files |
F7 | Create directory |
F8 | Delete files |
F9 | Search |
F12 | Display main menu | yes
ALT 1 | Change left connection | yes
ALT 2 | Change right connection | yes
ALT F3 | View with external viewer | yes
ALT F7 | Search | yes
ALT F8 | Open the history list for the command line |
ALT DOWN | Open the history list of visited directories | yes
SHIFT F2 | Compare directories | yes
SHIFT F3 | View with internal viewer | yes
SHIFT F4 | Edit a new file | yes
SHIFT F5 | Make a copy of the file in the current directory. | yes
SHIFT F6 | Rename a file | yes
SHIFT F10 | Bring up the context menu for the selected files. |
CTRL F3 | Sort by name |
CTRL F4 | Sort by extension |
CTRL F5 | Sort by date/time |
CTRL F6 | Sort by size |
CTRL F7 | Unsorted |
CTRL SHIFT F5 | Create symbolic link | yes
SUPER 1 | Change left connection | yes
SUPER 2 | Change right connection | yes
SUPER F | Search files | yes
= | Select files using a pattern | yes
NUM + | Select files using a pattern | yes
NUM - | Unselect files using a pattern | yes
NUM * | Invert selection | yes
NUM / | Restore selection |
CTRL= | Select all files | yes
CTRL- | Unselect all files | yes
ALT NUM + | Select all files with the same extension |
ALT NUM - | Unselect all files with the same extension |
BACKSPACE CTRL PageUp | Change to parent directory (cd ..) |
ENTER | Change directory or execute command line if not empty |
SHIFT ENTER | Execute command line in the defined terminal and leaves the terminal window open |
CTRL PageDown | Change directory | yes
ALT LEFT | Go back to the last visited directory |
ALT RIGHT | Go forward to the next visited directory |
CTRL\ | Go to the root directory | yes
CTRL~ CTRL` | Go to the home directory | yes
INSERT | Select file or directory |
SPACE | Select file or directory (as INSERT). If SPACE is used on an unselected directory under the cursor, the contents in this directory are counted and the size is shown in the "full" view instead of the string DIR |
ALT ENTER | Show properties for the selected file |
ALT SHIFT ENTER | The contents of all directories in the current directory are counted. The sizes of the directories are then shown in the "full" view instead of the string DIR |
DELETE | Delete files |
SHIFT DELETE | Delete files permanently (do not move them to the trash can, even if this is configured in the options) |
CTRL C | Copy files to clipboard (not a global one yet) |
CTRL X | Cut files to clipboard (not a global one yet) |
CTRL V | Paste from clipboard to current dir (not a global one yet) |
CTRL SHIFT C | Copy selected file names to clipboard |
CTRL A | Select all files | yes
CTRL SHIFT A | Unselect all files | yes
CTRL D | Open favorite directories (bookmarks) | yes
CTRL M | Advanced Rename Tool | yes
TAB | Switch between left and right file list |
CTRL U | Switch between left and right file list |
CTRL LEFT | Copy the current working directory from the active left file list to the right one | yes
CTRL RIGHT | Copy the current working directory from the active right file list to the left one | yes
CTRL. | Copy the current working directory from the inactive file list to the active one | yes
CTRL SHIFT. | Copy the current working directory from the active file list to the inactive one | yes
CTRL S | Open slide popup for setting the panel sizes |
CTRL T | Open directory in a new tab | yes
CTRL W | Close current tab | yes
CTRL SHIFT W | Close all tabs | yes
CTRL TAB | Switch to the next tab |
CTRL SHIFT TAB | Switch to the previous tab |
CTRL R | Refresh the active file list | yes
CTRL O | Options dialog | yes
CTRL SHIFT H | Toggle hidden files on/off |
CTRL SHIFT= | Set both panels equal | yes
CTRL N | Open new remote connection | yes
CTRL F | Connect to remote server | yes
CTRL SHIFT F | Disconnect from remote server | yes
CTRL 5 | Create MD5 (128-bit) checksum | yes
ALT Letter(s) CTRL ALT Letter(s) | Quick search for a file name (starting with specified letter) in the current directory |
Letter | Redirect to command line, cursor jumps to command line |
ESC | Clear the command line |
CTRL K | Delete to the end of line |
CTRL W | Delete the word to the left of the cursor |
CTRL T | Delete the word to the right of the cursor |
CTRL P | The full path of the current directory is added to the command line |
CTRL ENTER | The file name under the cursor in the source directory is added to the end of the command line |
CTRL SHIFT ENTER | The file name under the cursor including its path is added to the end of the command line |
CTRL DOWN CTRL E ALT F8 | A list with the latest command lines (history list) is opened. Use the UP and DOWN cursor keys to select an entry. By pressing the LEFT or RIGHT key, you can edit the command line. This automatically closes the list |

## User Actions

User actions trigger predefined functions (actions) and make &app; very flexible. They are accessed by a key or set of keys (shortcut key).

### Managing user actions

The menu for user actions and associated keyboard shortcuts can be opened by clicking on Settings Keyboard Shortcuts.... Below, the usage of the dialog is Keyboard Shortcuts... explained.

In the keyboard shortcut dialog a table with three columns is shown:

1. Shortcut Key: Key combination the user has to press to perform the action.

2. Action: Action to perform by pressing the shortcut key.

3. Options: Some user actions require an option to perform the action, e.g. the command to be executed by the "Execute command" action.

You can Add a new shortcut and Remove a selected one with the related buttons on the right.

The default dialog window is shown in the figure below.

Available user actions are shown in the table below.

Find the default key bindings in the previous section .

It's possible to assign more than one key combinations to an action. To do so, click on the Add button, choose a new shortcut and choose the action which is already assigned to another shortcut. Some actions are already assigned to multiple shortcuts by default.

Key bindings are stored in the <KeyBindings> section of &app; config file (~/.gnome-commander/gnome-commander.xml).

#### Keyboard Shortcuts

Shows &app; keyboard shortcuts.

### List of user actions

User action | Description
--- | ---
About &app; | About &app;
Advanced rename tool | Advanced rename tool
Back one directory | Go back to the last visited directory
Back to the first directory | Go forward to the first visited directory
Bookmark current directory | Bookmark current directory
Change directory | Change directory
Change left connection | Change left connection
Change owner/group | Change file ownership
Change permissions | Change file access permissions
Change right connection | Change right connection
Close all tabs | Close all tabs
Close connection | Disconnect from remote server
Close duplicate tabs | Close duplicate tabs
Close the current tab | Close the current tab
Compare directories | Compare directories
Compare files (diff) | Compare files using the differ in Settings Options...Programs
Configure plugins | Configure plugins
Copy | Copy files to clipboard (not a global one yet)
Copy files | Copy files
Copy file names | Copy file names to clipboard
Copy files with rename | Copy file with rename
Create directory | Create directory
Create symbolic link | Create symbolic link
Cut | Cut files to clipboard (not a global one yet)
Delete | Delete files
Delete files | Delete files
Display main menu | Display main menu
Do nothing | Do nothing (use to block key bindings)
Edit a new file | Edit a new file
Edit file | Edit file
Equal panel size | Set equal panes (50/50)

Execute command

Execute user defined command. &app; replaces found placeholders with:

- %f file name (or list for multiple selections)

- %F quoted filename (or list for multiple selections)

- %p full file system path (or list for multiple selections)

- %P quoted full file system path (or list for multiple selections)

- %u fully qualified URI for the file (or list for multiple selections)

- %d full path to the directory containing file

- %D quoted full path to the directory containing file

- %s synonym for %P (for compatibility with previous versions of &app;)

- %% percent sign

Unknown placeholders are copied verbatim without any substitution.

Forward one directory | Go forward to the next visited directory
Forward to the last directory | Go forward to the last visited directory
&app; on the web | Visit &app; home page
Go to bookmarked location | Go to bookmarked location. Nonexistent bookmark names are ignored.
Help contents | Help
Help on keyboard shortcuts | Help on keyboard shortcuts
Home directory | Go to the home directory
Invert selection | Invert selection
Keyboard shortcuts | Configure keyboard shortcuts
Lock/unlock tab | Lock/unlock tab
Manage bookmarks | Open favourite directories (bookmarks) dialog
Maximize panel size | Maximize panel size
Move files | Move files
New connection | Open new remote connection
Next tab | Next tab
Open connection | Open remote connection
Open directory in a new tab | Open directory in a new tab
Open directory in the active window | Copy the current working directory from the inactive file list to the active one
Open directory in the inactive window | Copy the current working directory from the active file list to the inactive one
Open directory in the left window | Copy the current working directory from the active right file list to the left one
Open directory in the new tab | Open directory in the new tab
Open directory in the new tab (inactive window) | Open directory in the new tab (inactive window)
Open directory in the right window | Copy the current working directory from the active left file list to the right one
Open folder | Open the current location in Nautilus file manager
Open terminal | Open terminal in the current directory
Open terminal as root | Opens a terminal with root privileges.
Options | Options dialog
Paste | Paste from clipboard to current directory (not a global one yet)
Previous tab | Previous tab
Properties | Show properties for the selected file
Quick search | Quick search
Quit | Exit &app;
Refresh | Refresh the active file list
Rename files | Rename files
Report a problem | Report problem to gitlab.gnome.org
Root directory | Go to the root directory
Search | File search
Select all | Select all files
Send files | Send files via email or instant messenger (using nautilus-sendto)
Show directory history | Open the history list of visited directories
Show user defined files | Use file selection filter
Start &app; as root | Start &app; in root mode at the same location Be careful while running &app; with root privileges as you may damage your system.
Synchronize directories | Synchronize directories (using meld)
Toggle selection | Toggle selection for cursor
Toggle selection and move cursor downward | Select file or directory and move cursor downward
Unselect all | Unselect all files
Up one directory | Go forward to the parent directory
View file | View files
View with external viewer | View with external viewer
View with internal viewer | View with internal viewer

## Additional Pop-up Menu Actions

### Introduction

The pop-up menu of &app;, which can be opened by right-clicking on a file or folder or by pressing SHIFT F10, can be easily extended by putting executable files into ~/.config/gnome-commander/scripts/. For each file in this directory a separate entry in the pop-up menu will be displayed. When such a menu entry is clicked, the associated script will be executed with the names of all selected items as arguments. When the SHIFT key is pressed while clicking the pop-up menu entry, the script will be called separately for each selected file.

#### Example picture of the pop-up menu with four additional entries

### File format

The files can be binary or simple text files. In the latter case it is possible to handle some config variables over to &app; by using a key-value format: #[key]: [value], with '#' being the first character in a text line.

Currently, the following keys are implemented:

name | The label of the menu item | If undefined, the script file name will be used
term | Run the script in a terminal window | To activate this, set value to 'true'

### Example Pop-up menu scripts

Some example scripts can be found online in the &app; git repository.

## Tips and Tricks

Some very simple tips and tricks on using and getting the most out of &app;.

### Handling Archives

&app; still lacks built-in browsing of compressed archives. However the program can be configured so that working with archives becomes quite practical anyway.

There are two different ways: The preferred one is to activate the built-in Fileroller plugin in the menu Plugins Configure Plugins.... By activating this plugin you get additional entries in the popup menu by right clicking on selected files and folders (make sure that Fileroller is installed in your system). By clicking on an archive, the popup menu lets you choose where to extract the archive to.

The second, outdated but still working way is the following:

- If you don't already have the program Fileroller, download it and install it.

- Open the Options dialog and go to the Programs tab.

- Add two favorite apps using the values shown in the figures below.

You can now right click any file or folder and choose Create archive... to compress it and right click compressed files and choose Extract archive... to extract it.

#### Create Archive

This entry allows creating archives easily.

#### Extract Archive

This entry allows extract archives easily.

### Copying File Names and Paths

- To copy names of selected files to the environment's clipboard, use the Copy File Names action on the Edit menu or the "**" icon on the toolbar.

- To copy full paths of selected files to the environment's clipboard, hold down SHIFT while activating either the Copy File Names action on the Edit menu or the "**" icon on the toolbar.

- To copy the full path of the current directory, right click on the directory indicator at the top of the directory list.

- To insert the current file's path in &app;'s command line, press CTRL SHIFT ENTER.

- To insert the current file's name in &app;'s command line, press CTRL ENTER.

## &app; Installation

### Getting &app;

It's recommended to use the &app; package that is provided by your distribution. Refer to &app; for the list of distributions supporting &app; packages.

All current and historical releases can be found on the GNOME FTP server, too.

### Versioning

&app; is being developed in a stable and a testing branch, where the test releases fill the purpose of testing new ideas. Successful ones will then get backported to the stable branch. The version numbers (major, minor and micro) follows the quite usual standard of odd and even versioning, where odd minor versions stands for the unstable releases and the even numbered branch eventually gets the thoroughly tested new functions backported.

### Current stable version

If you'd like to compile the latest stable version of &app; yourself, get it as a tar.xz file from the download section on the &app; home page.

After extracting the archive, first have a look at the README file, where you get an overview of the downloaded release. Also, have a look at the INSTALL file. The installation is explained in detail there.

### Development version

For those of you who feel really adventurous, or maybe want to hack on the freshest code, the latest development source snapshots are available by using git:

`git clone https://gitlab.gnome.org/GNOME/gnome-commander.git`

The above works only to do a first time download and not for updating the code, if you already have a version of the code simply run `git pull` to get the latest revisions.

Just remember to run `./autogen.sh` before building by `make`.

Be aware that there can be serious bugs in code from GNOME git repository. This code is intended for hacking, development and testing purposes only.

## Configuration Files

This section gives an overview of the configuration files used by &app;:

Since &app; version 1.10.0 the location of configuration files changed from ~/.gnome-commander to ~/.config/gnome-commander. Existing files are automatically moved when starting &app; 1.10.0 the first time.

~/.config/gnome-commander/scripts/*
In this directory the user can place scripts for the .

Since &app; version 1.10.0 the following option files are obsolete. If they have been created by ealier &app; versions then the filename is extended automatically by *.deprecated and their settings are imported in GSettings under the path org.gnome.gnome-commander.

~/.config/gnome-commander/devices

~/.config/gnome-commander/fav-apps

~/.config/gnome-commander/gnome-commander.xml

Since &app; version 1.6.0 the options file ~/.gnome2/gnome-commander is obsolete. The settings of this file are now stored in GSettings under the path org.gnome.gnome-commander.

## Known Bugs and Limitations

You can report or view &app; bugs at gitlab.gnome.org.

Some words about bugs: Though &app; is relatively free from bugs and is a quite mature program, no programs will ever be totally bug free. New bugs can be introduced with new features, or through other programs and libraries it depends on, this goes especially for development and testing versions. Quality bug reporting is very important and can be a very good help for the developers to make a better program. Bug reporting is not an act of dissatisfaction, so you are very welcome to help us find, hunt down and kill the bugs. Testing of the new releases and bug reporting is the best way users without programming knowledge can help out in the development of a program, and those with programming knowledge are very welcome to suggest fixes and/or send patches to the developers, all in the spirit of free and open source software.

Known limitation:

- &app; is still lacking on GVFS/GIO support. Instead it uses GnomeVFS.

- Configuration of default application depending on the files MIME type is broken and was finally removed in v1.4. See section for more information.

Given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow.

Linus law.

## About &app;

### History of &app;

&app; was primarily written by Marcus Bjurman, who was the one initiating this project in 2001 and developed it up to version 1.1.6 in January 2004.

Later on, since 2004, &app; was maintained by the new lead developer Piotr Eljasiak, working at the project already since 2002. In this time, Assaf Gordon contributed by implementing the internal file viewer.

Piotr conducted the development until version 1.2.8.15. In this time Magnus Stålnacke was responsible for the homepage. On the mailing list, amongst others, Michael and Magnus contributed with many great ideas and by helping finding bugs and other inconsistencies. After Magnus resigned from the project, Thomas Jost helped to maintain the homepage at Savannah.org

Unfortunately, Piotr suddenly passed away in the beginning of 2012 and &app; had no maintainer for nearly two years. Late in 2013, Uwe Scholz, a user of &app; since the days before version 1.0, took over the project as project maintainer.

### Location

In the beginning, &app; had its home at Sourceforge. Later, the project moved to Savannah.org, where it got its own homepage and its mailing lists. In the end of 2003, the source tree moved to Gnome.org. Though, the homepage and mailing lists were still hosted at Savannah.

Since 2013, the location of the &app; home page has been moved to GitHub.org.

### Bug Reporting

If you found a bug, you can check if it is already reported on our GitLab page at Gnome.org. If not, please report the bug. If you want to fix it by yourself have a look at the section .

### License

This program is distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public license as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. A copy of this license can be found at this link, or in the file COPYING included with the source code of this program.