4.4. 剪裁
| 4. Transform Tools |

### 4.4. 剪裁

图 14.127. Crop tool

The Crop Tool is used to crop or clip an image. It works on all the layers of the image, visible and invisible. This tool is often used to remove borders, or to eliminate unwanted areas to provide you with a more focused working area. It is also useful if you need a specific image size that does not match the original dimensions of your image.

To define the crop area click and drag with the mouse. A highlighted area will appear that shows the crop boundaries. To move the whole crop area, click in the middle and drag the rectangle. Resizing can be done by moving close to the borders. The mouse cursor will change and you can drag either one side, if you are in the middle, or two sides, if you are in a corner. While you are changing the drag area, the size of the cropped area and the aspect ratio will be shown in the status bar.

When the mouse becomes the moving cross-hair, you can use the keyboard arrow keys to move the crop rectangle. Holding the Shift key down allows to move by increments of 25 pixels.

To finalize cropping, click inside the crop rectangle or press the Enter key.

| 注意
A fairly recent change in GIMP is that by default the image canvas size isn't changed after cropping. The Tool Options of the Crop Tool have a setting Delete cropped pixels that can be checked to make sure the canvas size is also adjusted to the cropped area.

| 提示
You can use Guides to position the crop area. Make sure that the View → Snap to Guides option is checked.

#### 4.4.1. Activating the Tool

You can activate this tool in different ways:

- From the image menu bar Tools → Transform tools → Crop,

- by clicking the tool icon: in the ToolBox,

- by using the keyboard shortcut Shift+C.

#### 4.4.2. Key modifiers (Defaults)

When you maintain click on the crop rectangle, handles disappear and

- holding down the Ctrl key toggles to the Extend from Center option,

- holding down the Shift key toggles to the Fixed option, which makes some dimensions fixed.

#### 4.4.3. 工具选项

图 14.128. Tool Options for the “Crop” tool

Normally, tool options are displayed in a window attached under the Toolbox as soon as you activate a tool. If they are not, you can access them from the image menu bar through Windows → Dockable Windows → Tool Options which opens the option window of the selected tool.

Current Layer Only

  This option will make crop affect only the active layer.

Delete cropped pixels

  When checked, the canvas size is adjusted to the cropped area. By default this is not checked, which means that after cropping the layers have been adjusted, but the canvas size is still the same. This is to make sure you don't remove anything by accident.

Allow Growing

  This option allows the crop or resize to take place outside the image (or layer), and even the canvas. So, you can give the size you want to the resulting image. Transparency will be used if there is no material to crop.

  图 14.129. Example for “Allow Growing”

  An image on a big canvas

  The option is checked. The crop rectangle extends outside the canvas.

  The resulting image.

Expand from Center

  When this option is checked, the crop rectangle expands from the first pixel you clicked taken for center. You can toggle this option with Ctrl while drawing the crop rectangle.

Fixed

  You can also access this option by holding down the Ctrl key while drawing the crop rectangle. This option offers you several to make drawing the crop rectangle respect fixed dimensions, or their ratio:

  - Aspect ratio: That's the default possibility. Width and Height keep the same ratio they have in the original image, when drawing the crop rectangle.

  - Width / Height: Only Width or Height will remain fixed. The value of this dimension can be set in the text box below; it defaults to 100 pixels.

  - Size: Both Width and Height will be fixed. Their values can be set in the text box below, in the form “150x100” for example. The crop rectangle will adopt these values as soon as you click the image. On the right, two buttons let you choose a Landscape (widthwise) or Portrait (upright) format for the crop rectangle.

位置

  These two text boxes show the position (horizontal on the left, vertical on the right) of the upper left corner of the crop rectangle in real time and you can change it manually too. It is stated in pixels, but you can change the unit thanks to the drop-down list of the px button. The coordinate origin is the upper left corner of the canvas (not of the image).

大小

  These two text boxes show the size (horizontal on the left, vertical on the right) of the crop-rectangle in real time and you can change it manually too. It is stated in pixels, but you can change the unit thanks to the drop-down list of the px button.

高亮

  This option toggles the dark outside area intended for highlighting the crop rectangle.

  The dark area opacity can be set using the Highlight opacity cursor.

参考线

  All kinds of guides are described in 第 2.2 节 “Rectangle Selection”

Autoshrink

  The Auto Shrink button will attempt to locate a border, in the active layer, from which to draw dimensions from. This option only works well with isolated objects contrasting sharply with background.

  图 14.130. Example for “Autoshrink”

  An image with a sharp limit in it and a crop rectangle.

  After clicking the Autoshrink button, the crop rectangle has been shrunk to fit the sharp limits.

Shrink Merged

  This option works the same, with Auto Shrink or not. It uses the pixel information from all visible layers, rather than just from the active layer.

4.3. 移动 |  | 4.5. 旋转

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