exception
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// Exception Handling support header for -*- C++ -*-
// Copyright (C) 1995-2026 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
//
// This file is part of GCC.
//
// GCC is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation; either version 3, or (at your option)
// any later version.
//
// GCC is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU General Public License for more details.
//
// Under Section 7 of GPL version 3, you are granted additional
// permissions described in the GCC Runtime Library Exception, version
// 3.1, as published by the Free Software Foundation.
// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License and
// a copy of the GCC Runtime Library Exception along with this program;
// see the files COPYING3 and COPYING.RUNTIME respectively. If not, see
// <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
/** @file exception
* This is a Standard C++ Library header.
*/
#ifndef __EXCEPTION__
#define __EXCEPTION__
#ifdef _GLIBCXX_SYSHDR
#pragma GCC system_header
#endif
#include <bits/c++config.h>
#include <bits/exception.h>
#define __glibcxx_want_uncaught_exceptions
#define __glibcxx_want_constexpr_exceptions
#define __glibcxx_want_exception_ptr_cast
#include <bits/version.h>
extern "C++" {
namespace std _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
{
/** @addtogroup exceptions
* @{
*/
/** If an %exception is thrown which is not listed in a function's
* %exception specification, one of these may be thrown.
*
* @ingroup exceptions
*/
class bad_exception : public exception
{
public:
_GLIBCXX26_CONSTEXPR bad_exception() _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT { }
#if __cplusplus >= 202400L
[[__gnu__::__gnu_inline__]]
constexpr inline virtual ~bad_exception() _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE_DYN noexcept {}
[[__gnu__::__gnu_inline__]]
constexpr inline virtual const char* what() const _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE_DYN
noexcept
{
return "std::bad_exception";
}
#else
// This declaration is not useless:
// http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc-3.0.2/gcc_6.html#SEC118
virtual ~bad_exception() _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE_DYN _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
// See comment in eh_exception.cc.
virtual const char*
what() const _GLIBCXX_TXN_SAFE_DYN _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
#endif
};
/// If you write a replacement %terminate handler, it must be of this type.
typedef void (*terminate_handler) ();
/// Takes a new handler function as an argument, returns the old function.
terminate_handler set_terminate(terminate_handler) _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
/// Return the current terminate handler.
terminate_handler get_terminate() noexcept;
#endif
/** The runtime will call this function if %exception handling must be
* abandoned for any reason. It can also be called by the user. */
void terminate() _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT __attribute__ ((__noreturn__,__cold__));
#if __cplusplus < 201703L || (__cplusplus <= 202002L && _GLIBCXX_USE_DEPRECATED)
/// If you write a replacement %unexpected handler, it must be of this type.
typedef void (*_GLIBCXX11_DEPRECATED unexpected_handler) ();
/** Takes a new handler function as an argument, returns the old function.
*
* @deprecated Removed from the C++ standard in C++17
*/
_GLIBCXX11_DEPRECATED
unexpected_handler set_unexpected(unexpected_handler) _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT;
#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
/** Return the current unexpected handler.
*
* @since C++11
* @deprecated Removed from the C++ standard in C++17
*/
_GLIBCXX11_DEPRECATED
unexpected_handler get_unexpected() noexcept;
#endif
/** The runtime will call this function if an %exception is thrown which
* violates the function's %exception specification.
*
* @deprecated Removed from the C++ standard in C++17
*/
_GLIBCXX11_DEPRECATED
void unexpected() __attribute__ ((__noreturn__,__cold__));
#endif
/** [18.6.4]/1: 'Returns true after completing evaluation of a
* throw-expression until either completing initialization of the
* exception-declaration in the matching handler or entering `unexpected()`
* due to the throw; or after entering `terminate()` for any reason
* other than an explicit call to `terminate()`. [Note: This includes
* stack unwinding [15.2]. end note]'
*
* 2: 'When `uncaught_exception()` is true, throwing an
* %exception can result in a call of 1terminate()`
* (15.5.1).'
*/
_GLIBCXX17_DEPRECATED_SUGGEST("std::uncaught_exceptions()")
bool uncaught_exception() _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT __attribute__ ((__pure__));
#ifdef __cpp_lib_uncaught_exceptions // C++ >= 17 || GNU++ >= 03
/** The number of uncaught exceptions.
* @since C++17, or any non-strict mode, e.g. `-std=gnu++98`
* @see uncaught_exception()
*/
int uncaught_exceptions() _GLIBCXX_USE_NOEXCEPT __attribute__ ((__pure__));
#endif
/// @} group exceptions
} // namespace std
namespace __gnu_cxx _GLIBCXX_VISIBILITY(default)
{
_GLIBCXX_BEGIN_NAMESPACE_VERSION
/**
* @brief A replacement for the standard terminate_handler which
* prints more information about the terminating exception (if any)
* on stderr.
*
* @ingroup exceptions
*
* Call
* @code
* std::set_terminate(__gnu_cxx::__verbose_terminate_handler)
* @endcode
* to use. For more info, see
* http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/manual/bk01pt02ch06s02.html
*
* In 3.4 and later, this is on by default.
*/
void __verbose_terminate_handler();
_GLIBCXX_END_NAMESPACE_VERSION
} // namespace
} // extern "C++"
#if __cplusplus >= 201103L
# include <bits/exception_ptr.h>
# include <bits/nested_exception.h>
#endif
#endif
exception.h
nested_exception.h
version.h
exception_ptr.h
c++config.h
std::get_unexpected
unexpected_handler get_unexpected() noexcept
std::terminate_handler
void(* terminate_handler)()
If you write a replacement terminate handler, it must be of this type.
Definition exception:85
std::get_terminate
terminate_handler get_terminate() noexcept
Return the current terminate handler.
std::set_unexpected
unexpected_handler set_unexpected(unexpected_handler) noexcept
std::set_terminate
terminate_handler set_terminate(terminate_handler) noexcept
Takes a new handler function as an argument, returns the old function.
std::terminate
void terminate() noexcept
std::unexpected_handler
void(* unexpected_handler)()
If you write a replacement unexpected handler, it must be of this type.
Definition exception:101
std::bad_exception::what
virtual const char * what() const noexcept
std::unexpected
void unexpected()
__gnu_cxx::__verbose_terminate_handler
void __verbose_terminate_handler()
A replacement for the standard terminate_handler which prints more information about the terminating ...
std
ISO C++ entities toplevel namespace is std.
__gnu_cxx
GNU extensions for public use.