# Source code for fsspec.implementations.memory

    from __future__ import annotations

    import logging
    from datetime import datetime, timezone
    from errno import ENOTEMPTY
    from io import BytesIO
    from pathlib import PurePath, PureWindowsPath
    from typing import Any, ClassVar

    from fsspec import AbstractFileSystem
    from fsspec.implementations.local import LocalFileSystem
    from fsspec.utils import stringify_path

    logger = logging.getLogger("fsspec.memoryfs")

    class MemoryFileSystem(AbstractFileSystem):
        """A filesystem based on a dict of BytesIO objects

        This is a global filesystem so instances of this class all point to the same
        in memory filesystem.
        """

        store: ClassVar[dict[str, Any]] = {}  # global, do not overwrite!
        pseudo_dirs = [""]  # global, do not overwrite!
        protocol = "memory"
        root_marker = "/"

        @classmethod
        def _strip_protocol(cls, path):
            if isinstance(path, PurePath):
                if isinstance(path, PureWindowsPath):
                    return LocalFileSystem._strip_protocol(path)
                else:
                    path = stringify_path(path)

            path = path.removeprefix("memory://")
            if "::" in path or "://" in path:
                return path.rstrip("/")
            path = path.lstrip("/").rstrip("/")
            return "/" + path if path else ""

        def ls(self, path, detail=True, **kwargs):
            path = self._strip_protocol(path)
            if path in self.store:
                # there is a key with this exact name
                if not detail:
                    return [path]
                return [
                    {
                        "name": path,
                        "size": self.store[path].size,
                        "type": "file",
                        "created": self.store[path].created.timestamp(),
                    }
                ]
            paths = set()
            starter = path + "/"
            out = []
            for p2 in tuple(self.store):
                if p2.startswith(starter):
                    if "/" not in p2[len(starter) :]:
                        # exact child
                        out.append(
                            {
                                "name": p2,
                                "size": self.store[p2].size,
                                "type": "file",
                                "created": self.store[p2].created.timestamp(),
                            }
                        )
                    elif len(p2) > len(starter):
                        # implied child directory
                        ppath = starter + p2[len(starter) :].split("/", 1)[0]
                        if ppath not in paths:
                            out = out or []
                            out.append(
                                {
                                    "name": ppath,
                                    "size": 0,
                                    "type": "directory",
                                }
                            )
                            paths.add(ppath)
            for p2 in self.pseudo_dirs:
                if p2.startswith(starter):
                    if "/" not in p2[len(starter) :]:
                        # exact child pdir
                        if p2 not in paths:
                            out.append({"name": p2, "size": 0, "type": "directory"})
                            paths.add(p2)
                    else:
                        # directory implied by deeper pdir
                        ppath = starter + p2[len(starter) :].split("/", 1)[0]
                        if ppath not in paths:
                            out.append({"name": ppath, "size": 0, "type": "directory"})
                            paths.add(ppath)
            if not out:
                if path in self.pseudo_dirs:
                    # empty dir
                    return []
                raise FileNotFoundError(path)
            if detail:
                return out
            return sorted([f["name"] for f in out])

        def mkdir(self, path, create_parents=True, **kwargs):
            path = self._strip_protocol(path)
            if path in self.store or path in self.pseudo_dirs:
                raise FileExistsError(path)
            if self._parent(path).strip("/") and self.isfile(self._parent(path)):
                raise NotADirectoryError(self._parent(path))
            if create_parents and self._parent(path).strip("/"):
                try:
                    self.mkdir(self._parent(path), create_parents, **kwargs)
                except FileExistsError:
                    pass
            if path and path not in self.pseudo_dirs:
                self.pseudo_dirs.append(path)

        def makedirs(self, path, exist_ok=False):
            try:
                self.mkdir(path, create_parents=True)
            except FileExistsError:
                if not exist_ok:
                    raise

        def pipe_file(self, path, value, mode="overwrite", **kwargs):
            """Set the bytes of given file

            Avoids copies of the data if possible
            """
            mode = "xb" if mode == "create" else "wb"
            self.open(path, mode=mode, data=value)

        def rmdir(self, path):
            path = self._strip_protocol(path)
            if path == "":
                # silently avoid deleting FS root
                return
            if path in self.pseudo_dirs:
                if not self.ls(path):
                    self.pseudo_dirs.remove(path)
                else:
                    raise OSError(ENOTEMPTY, "Directory not empty", path)
            else:
                raise FileNotFoundError(path)

        def info(self, path, **kwargs):
            logger.debug("info: %s", path)
            path = self._strip_protocol(path)
            if path in self.pseudo_dirs or any(
                p.startswith(path + "/") for p in list(self.store) + self.pseudo_dirs
            ):
                return {
                    "name": path,
                    "size": 0,
                    "type": "directory",
                }
            elif path in self.store:
                filelike = self.store[path]
                return {
                    "name": path,
                    "size": filelike.size,
                    "type": "file",
                    "created": getattr(filelike, "created", None),
                }
            else:
                raise FileNotFoundError(path)

        def _open(
            self,
            path,
            mode="rb",
            block_size=None,
            autocommit=True,
            cache_options=None,
            **kwargs,
        ):
            path = self._strip_protocol(path)
            if "x" in mode and self.exists(path):
                raise FileExistsError
            if path in self.pseudo_dirs:
                raise IsADirectoryError(path)
            parent = path
            while len(parent) > 1:
                parent = self._parent(parent)
                if self.isfile(parent):
                    raise FileExistsError(parent)
            if mode in ["rb", "ab", "r+b", "a+b"]:
                if path in self.store:
                    f = self.store[path]
                    if "a" in mode:
                        # position at the end of file
                        f.seek(0, 2)
                    else:
                        # position at the beginning of file
                        f.seek(0)
                    return f
                else:
                    raise FileNotFoundError(path)
            elif mode in {"wb", "w+b", "xb", "x+b"}:
                if "x" in mode and self.exists(path):
                    raise FileExistsError
                m = MemoryFile(self, path, kwargs.get("data"))
                if not self._intrans:
                    m.commit()
                return m
            else:
                name = self.__class__.__name__
                raise ValueError(f"unsupported file mode for {name}: {mode!r}")

        def cp_file(self, path1, path2, **kwargs):
            path1 = self._strip_protocol(path1)
            path2 = self._strip_protocol(path2)
            if self.isfile(path1):
                self.store[path2] = MemoryFile(
                    self, path2, self.store[path1].getvalue()
                )  # implicit copy
            elif self.isdir(path1):
                if path2 not in self.pseudo_dirs:
                    self.pseudo_dirs.append(path2)
            else:
                raise FileNotFoundError(path1)

        def cat_file(self, path, start=None, end=None, **kwargs):
            logger.debug("cat: %s", path)
            path = self._strip_protocol(path)
            try:
                return bytes(self.store[path].getbuffer()[start:end])
            except KeyError as e:
                raise FileNotFoundError(path) from e

        def _rm(self, path):
            path = self._strip_protocol(path)
            try:
                del self.store[path]
            except KeyError as e:
                raise FileNotFoundError(path) from e

        def modified(self, path):
            path = self._strip_protocol(path)
            try:
                return self.store[path].modified
            except KeyError as e:
                raise FileNotFoundError(path) from e

        def created(self, path):
            path = self._strip_protocol(path)
            try:
                return self.store[path].created
            except KeyError as e:
                raise FileNotFoundError(path) from e

        def isfile(self, path):
            path = self._strip_protocol(path)
            return path in self.store

        def rm(self, path, recursive=False, maxdepth=None):
            if isinstance(path, str):
                path = self._strip_protocol(path)
            else:
                path = [self._strip_protocol(p) for p in path]
            paths = self.expand_path(path, recursive=recursive, maxdepth=maxdepth)
            for p in reversed(paths):
                if self.isfile(p):
                    self.rm_file(p)
                # If the expanded path doesn't exist, it is only because the expanded
                # path was a directory that does not exist in self.pseudo_dirs. This
                # is possible if you directly create files without making the
                # directories first.
                elif not self.exists(p):
                    continue
                else:
                    self.rmdir(p)

    class MemoryFile(BytesIO):
        """A BytesIO which can't close and works as a context manager

        Can initialise with data. Each path should only be active once at any moment.

        No need to provide fs, path if auto-committing (default)
        """

        def __init__(self, fs=None, path=None, data=None):
            logger.debug("open file %s", path)
            self.fs = fs
            self.path = path
            self.created = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc)
            self.modified = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc)
            if data:
                super().__init__(data)
                self.seek(0)

        @property
        def size(self):
            return self.getbuffer().nbytes

        def __enter__(self):
            return self

        def close(self):
            pass

        def discard(self):
            pass

        def commit(self):
            self.fs.store[self.path] = self
            self.modified = datetime.now(tz=timezone.utc)