# Emms Manual ¶

This is the Manual for the Emacs Multimedia System.

© 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.

> Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.1 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts. A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Free Documentation License".

## Table of Contents

## 1 Introduction ¶

Emms is the Emacs Multi-Media System. Emms organizes playlists, allows browsing through track and album metadata, and plays files by calling external players.

This manual tries to be the definitive source of information about Emms, an online version of the manual is available at: http://www.gnu.org/software/emms/manual/.

The basic functionality of Emms consists of three parts: The core, the sources, and the players.

The core resides in `emms.el`, and provides a simple playlist and the basic functionality to use all the other features of Emms. It provides the common user commands and interfaces for other parts. It thinks in tracks, where a track is the combination of a type and a name - e.g. the track type ’file has a name that is the file name. Other track types are possible.

To get to tracks, the core needs sources. The file `emms-source-file.el` provides simple sources to interact with the file system.

When Emms finally has the sources in the playlist, it needs a player to play them. `emms-player-simple.el` defines a few useful players, and allows you to define your own in a very simple way.

The Emms core comes with many additional features to extend its functionality.

The way Emms works is easy to customize with your own code or by using ‘M-x customize’ or by changing the variables directly.

## 2 Quickstart Guide ¶

This chapter demonstrates how to setup Emms so that you can start listening to your music without having to read all of the documentation first. This is the tl;dr version of the manual.

The first thing you have to do is telling Emacs where Emms is located. Let’s say you have it in `~/elisp/emms/`. So add this line to your `.emacs`:

    (add-to-list 'load-path "~/elisp/emms/lisp/")

More detailed information about installing Emms can be found in the installation chapter, See Installation.

You’ll then want to load Emms into Emacs. To achieve this you invoke the `emms-all` setup function by adding the following three lines to your `.emacs`.

    (require 'emms-setup)
    (emms-all)
    (emms-default-players)

The function `emms-default-players` in the last line sets up the list of default players. The list contains lightweight specialized players like ogg123 or mpg321 and we-play-everything-players such as mplayer, mpv, vlc, etc.. To be sure that emms can play all your music you should check that your preferred players are installed on the machine.

More detail about setting up Emms can be found in the setup chapter, See Setup.

Emms tries to display the tags (the name of the song, as opposed to the name of the file) of the music you listen to. Emms can use a number of pieces of software and libraries as sources for track info, see See Track Information for more.

The last thing to do is to tell Emms where your music is; the root directory of our music collection. Let’s say all your music is in `~/Music` or in subdirectories thereof.

    (setq emms-source-file-default-directory "~/Music/")

OK, now we’ve set up Emms. Reload your `.emacs` or restart Emacs to let the changes have an effect.

Now we will add all our music to a playlist by invoking `M-x emms-add-directory-tree RET ~/Music/ RET`. We do this because then Emms will read the tags of all your music files and caches them (this is also required for the Emms browser, See The Browser.)

To switch to the playlist buffer, invoke `M-x emms-playlist-mode-go` or simply `M-x emms`. You may see that some tracks are displayed with their file name, but as Emms populates its tag cache, track by track, the filenames get replaced with the artist and track name of the file’s tag.

Go ahead and navigate to a track and hit `RET` on it to start playback.

Now you can start exploring Emms. It’s probably best to begin with the basic commands (see Basic Commands), the interactive playlists (see Interactive Playlists), and the browser (see The Browser).

## 3 Installation ¶

Emms is available via GNU ELPA, which takes care of all of the following steps automatically.

If you are installing Emms manually, you need to put all the .el files of emms in a directory in your load-path. For example, if you put all those files into ~/elisp/emms/, then in your ~/.emacs, you should add:

    (add-to-list 'load-path "~/elisp/emms/lisp/")

### 3.1 Compiling Emms ¶

If you are using XEmacs, you will need to edit `Makefile` as follows before continuing.

    EMACS=xemacs
    SITEFLAG=-no-site-file

You can byte-compile Emms by first entering the directory containing the Emms source code, followed by invoking:

`make`

Which will byte compile Emms. You can then invoke:

`make install`

Which will install Emms into your Emacs directories (provided you have the appropriate permissions to do so on your system).

Note that Emms is a light-weight and agile program, you can therefore run Emms just fine without byte compiling it.

## 4 Setup ¶

The ‘emms-setup’ feature is provided by the file `emms-setup.el`. It is essentially a collection of shortcuts for loading different Emms features quickly, but everything you can do with ‘emms-setup’ can also be done manually.

We use ‘emms-setup’ by calling one of the setup functions.

Function: emms-minimalistic ¶

  An Emms setup script. Playlists and all the basics for playing media, but nothing else.

Function: emms-all ¶

  An Emms setup script. Loads all the stable features which come with the Emms distribution.

‘emms-setup’ also comes with a convenience function to set a default list of media players.

Function: emms-default-players ¶

  Set emms-player-list to emms-setup-default-player-list.

You can of course write your own Emms setup functions like the above by looking at the existing function definitions in `emms-setup.el`.

## 5 Configuration ¶

This chapter discusses the configuration of Emms in more detail.

The following code fragment provides a minimal Emms setup without using the layer of ‘emms-setup’. It can maybe be used to better understand the internals of Emms. You can see how Emms needs to know about players (these are defined in ‘emms-player-simple’) and about sources for tracks (trivial file system based sources, such as this ‘emms-directory-tree’, are defined in ‘emms-source-file’).

    (require 'emms-player-simple)
    (require 'emms-source-file)
    (require 'emms-source-playlist)
    (setq emms-player-list '(emms-player-mpg321
                             emms-player-ogg123
                             emms-player-mplayer))

For a discussion on how to define additional players, see See Simple Players.

Much of the behaviour of Emms can be changed by setting variables. For example:

    (setq emms-info-asynchronously nil)
    (setq emms-playlist-buffer-name "*Music*")

The first `setq` turns off the asynchronous updating of info tags. The second sets the default name of the Emms playlist buffer.

Another way to change Emms variables is to use the M-x `customize` mechanism provided by Emacs.

### 5.1 Finding files and speed ¶

Emms needs to traverse directories in order to find playable media. The default method Emms uses to achive this is `emms-source-file-directory-tree-internal` as defined in `emms-source-file.el`. The above method is written portably and will always work, but might be too slow if we want to load several hundred tracks (or more).

`emms-source-file.el` defines another method for finding files, `emms-source-file-directory-tree-find` which uses GNU/find. `emms-source-file-directory-tree-find` is usually an order of magnitude faster, but of course will not work if you do not have GNU/find installed.

The method Emms will use is defined in the customisable variable emms-source-file-directory-tree-function.

## 6 Getting Help ¶

If you have a bug to report, need help, or wish to suggest a feature, please feel free to use the Emms mailing list. The address of the list is emms-help@gnu.org. To subscribe to it, visit http://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/emms-help.

If you are familiar with the Gmane service, there is a Gmane newsgroup which mirrors this mailing address at gmane.emacs.emms.user.

Emms also has a website at http://www.gnu.org/software/emms/.

## 7 Formats and Freedom ¶

Emms is free software, but some of the file formats it can play carry restrictions, they are proprietary file formats. Proprietary software companies are pushing out audio and video formats which restrict when, where and how you can play them, and restrict developers from writing free software which interacts with them.

Restrictive file formats put the corporate bottom-line before the public interest.

Fortunately there are alternatives like Ogg. Ogg is a professional grade multimedia format. Ogg Vorbis is the compressed audio format (like MP3), and Ogg Theora is the video format. For more information, go to http://www.xiph.org/.

If you want to transcode audio into a lossless format, you can try FLAC (Free Lossless Audio Codec). FLAC stands out as the fastest and most widely supported lossless audio codec, and the only one that at once is non-proprietary, is unencumbered by patents and has the source code for a reference implementation freely available. For more information about FLAC, go to http://flac.sourceforge.net/.

## 8 Basic Commands ¶

Before you can use the interface commands, you need a playlist to start with. The following commands allow you to add to the current playlist from different sources:

Note that the commands with the “emms-add-” prefix add the source to the playlist but do not start playing it immediately. Conversely, the commands with the “emms-play-” prefix begin playing the track immediately.

Function: emms-play-file file ¶

  A source for a single file - either file, or queried from the user. If called with a prefix the file will be added like `emms-add-file`.

Function: emms-add-file file ¶

  A source for a single file - either file, or queried from the user. If called with a prefix the file will be played like `emms-play-file`.

Function: emms-play-directory dir ¶

  A source for a whole directory tree - either dir, or queried from the user.

Function: emms-add-directory dir ¶

  A source for a whole directory tree - either dir, or queried from the user.

Function: emms-play-directory-tree dir ¶

  A source for multiple directory trees - either dir, or the value of emms-source-file-default-directory.

Function: emms-add-directory-tree dir ¶

  A source for multiple directory trees - either dir, or the value of emms-source-file-default-directory.

Function: emms-play-url url ¶

  A source for an url - for example, for streaming.

Function: emms-add-url url ¶

  A source for an url - for example, for streaming.

Function: emms-play-playlist playlist ¶

  A source for the M3u or PLS playlist format from the file playlist.

Function: emms-add-playlist playlist ¶

  A source for the M3u or PLS playlist format from the file playlist.

Function: emms-play-find dir regexp ¶

  A source that will find files in dir or emms-source-file-default-directory which match regexp.

Function: emms-add-find dir regexp ¶

  A source that will find files in dir or emms-source-file-default-directory which match regexp.

The basic functionality of Emms is just to play music without being noticed. It provides a few commands to skip the current track and such, but other than that it doesn’t show up. Emms provides the following basic user commands (which you might want to bind to keystrokes):

Function: emms-start ¶

  Start playing the current playlist

Function: emms-stop ¶

  Stop playing

Function: emms-next ¶

  Start playing the next track in the playlist

Function: emms-previous ¶

  Start playing previous track in the playlist

Function: emms-shuffle ¶

  Shuffle the current playlist. This uses emms-playlist-shuffle-function.

Function: emms-sort ¶

  Sort the current playlist. This uses emms-playlist-sort-function.

Function: emms-show &optional insertp ¶

  Describe the current Emms track in the minibuffer. If insertp is non-nil, insert the description into the current buffer instead. This function uses emms-show-format to format the current track.

The command `emms-show-all` will pop up a window with the complete information about the track being played. `emms-show-all` is provided by `emms-show-all.el`, which is included in the ‘emms-all’ setup level. See See Setup.

## 9 The Core File ¶

The core file `emms.el` provides the all basic functions for playing music, generating playlists and defining players.

### 9.1 User Variables ¶

The core file defines a number of user variables.

User Option: emms-player-list ¶

  A list of players Emms can use. You need to set this in order to use Emms to play media.

User Option: emms-show-format ¶

  The format to use for `emms-show`. Any "%s" is replaced by what emms-track-description-function returns for the currently playing track.

User Option: emms-repeat-playlist ¶

  Non-nil if the Emms playlist should automatically repeat the playlist. If nil, playback will stop when the last track finishes playing.

User Option: emms-track-description-function ¶

  Function for describing an Emms track in a user-friendly way.

User Option: emms-sort-lessp-function ¶

  A function that compares two tracks, and returns non-nil if the first track should be sorted before the second (see also `sort`).

### 9.2 Hooks ¶

The core file provides hook variables for the basic functionality of Emms.

User Option: emms-player-started-hook ¶

  A hook run when an Emms player started playing.

User Option: emms-player-stopped-hook ¶

  A hook run when an Emms player stopped playing. See also emms-player-finished-hook.

User Option: emms-playlist-source-inserted-hook ¶

  Hook run when a source got inserted into the playlist. The buffer is narrowed to the new tracks.

User Option: emms-playlist-selection-changed-hook ¶

  Hook run after another track is selected in the Emms playlist.

User Option: emms-playlist-cleared-hook ¶

  Hook run after the current Emms playlist is cleared. This happens both when the playlist is cleared and when a new buffer is created for it.

User Option: emms-player-finished-hook ¶

  Hook run when an Emms player finishes playing a track. Please pay attention to the differences between emms-player-finished-hook and emms-player-stopped-hook. The former is called only when the player is stopped interactively; the latter, only when the player actually finishes playing a track.

User Option: emms-player-paused-hook ¶

  Hook run when a player is paused or resumed. Use emms-player-paused-p to find the current state.

### 9.3 Core Functions ¶

The core file also defines all the functions important to the basic use of Emms.

There are functions which deal with movement in the playlist.

Function: emms-next-noerror ¶

  Start playing the next track in the Emms playlist. Unlike `emms-next`, this function doesn’t signal an error when called at the end of the playlist. This function should only be called when no player is playing. This is a good function to put in `emms-player-finished-hook`.

Function: emms-playlist-next ¶

  Move to the previous track in the current buffer.

Function: emms-playlist-previous ¶

  Move to the previous track in the current buffer.

Function: emms-random ¶

  Jump to a random track.

Function: emms-toggle-repeat-playlist ¶

  Toggle whether emms repeats the playlist after it is done. See emms-repeat-playlist.

Function: emms-toggle-repeat-track ¶

  Toggle whether emms repeats the current track. See emms-repeat-track.

Function: emms-toggle-random-playlist ¶

  Toggle whether emms plays the tracks randomly or sequentially. See

emms-random-playlist.

Some functions deal with the getting and setting track information.

Function: emms-track type name ¶

  Create a track with type type and name name.

Function: emms-track-type track ¶

  Return the type of track.

Function: emms-track-name track ¶

  Return the name of track.

Function: emms-track-get name track &optional inexistent ¶

  Return the value of name for track. If there is no value, return default (or nil, if not given).

Function: emms-track-set track name value ¶

  Set the value of name for track to value.

Function: emms-track-description track ¶

  Return a description of track. This function uses emms-track-description-function.

Function: emms-player-for track ¶

  Return an Emms player capable of playing track. This will be the first player whose PLAYABLEP function returns non-nil, or nil if no such player exists.

Function: emms-playlist-current-selected-track ¶

  Return the currently selected track in the current playlist.

There are also functions which deal with the playing itself.

Function: emms-player-start track ¶

  Start playing track.

Function: emms-player-stop ¶

  Stop the currently playing player.

Function: emms-player-stopped ¶

  Declare that the current Emms player is finished. This should only be done by the current player itself.

Function: emms-seek seconds ¶

  Seek the current player seconds seconds. This can be a floating point number for sub-second fractions. It can also be negative to seek backwards.

Function: emms-seek-forward ¶

  Seek ten seconds forward.

Function: emms-seek-backward ¶

  Seek ten seconds backward.

For more basic commands defined in the core file see See Basic Commands.

## 10 Sources ¶

Sources allow Emms to add and play tracks. Emms comes with a number of sources of its own. Sources are designed so that creating new ones will be easy.

For examples of Emms sources for files and directories see `emms-source-file.el`.

User Option: emms-source-file-default-directory ¶

  The default directory to look for media files.

Function: emms-play-find ¶

  Play all files in emms-source-file-default-directory that match a specific regular expression.

Function: emms-source-file &optional file ¶

  An Emms source for a single file - either file, or queried from the user.

Function: emms-source-files files ¶

  An Emms source for a list of files.

Function: emms-source-directory &optional dir ¶

  An Emms source for a whole directory tree - either dir, or queried from the user

Function: emms-source-directory-tree & optional dir ¶

  An Emms source for multiple directory trees - either dir, or the value of emms-source-file-default-directory.

Function: emms-source-playlist file ¶

  An Emms source for playlists. See emms-source-playlist-formats for a list of supported formats.

Function: emms-source-playlist-native file ¶

  An Emms source for a native Emms playlist file.

Function: emms-source-playlist-m3u file ¶

  An Emms source for an m3u playlist file.

Function: emms-source-playlist-pls file ¶

  An Emms source for a pls playlist file.

Function: emms-source-find &optional dir regex ¶

  An Emms source that will find files in dir or emms-source-file-default-directory that match regexp.

Function: emms-source-file-directory-tree &optional dir ¶

  Return a list of all files under dir which match regex.

Function: emms-source-dired ¶

  Play all marked files of a dired buffer

Function: emms-source-file-regex ¶

  Return a regexp that matches everything any player (that supports files) can play.

Function: emms-locate regexp ¶

  Search for regexp and display the results in a locate buffer

## 11 Simple Players ¶

Macro: define-emms-simple-player name types regex command &rest args ¶

  Define a simple player. name is used to construct the name of the function like emms-player-name. types is a list of track types understood by this player. regex must be a regexp that matches the filenames the player can play. command specifies the command line argument to call the player and args are the command line arguments.

For a discussion on how to define new players see See New Player.

Function: emms-player-simple-stop ¶

  Stop the currently playing process, if indeed there is one.

Function: emms-player-simple-start filename cmdname params ¶

  Starts a process playing filename using the specified cmdname with the specified params.

Function: emms-player-simple-sentinel proc str ¶

  Sentinel for determining the end of process for the process proc and the sentinel string str.

## 12 Playlists ¶

Emms uses Emacs buffers to store the media tracks for playing. We call one such buffer a “playlist buffer” or an “Emms playlist buffer”. Emms then proceeds to play the media tracks in the buffer from top to bottom until the end of the playlist.

The name of the playlist buffer is defined in the variable emms-playlist-buffer-name and is set to be an invisible Emacs buffer by default. You can change to any name you want. For an example configuration see See Configuration.

You can create any number of playlist buffers you wish. At any time Emms has a single “current” buffer through which it proceeds track by track.

Function: emms-playlist-new &optional name ¶

  Create a new playlist buffer. The buffer is named name, but made unique. name defaults to ‘emms-playlist-buffer-name’. If called interactively, the new buffer is also selected.

Function: emms-playlist-save &optional format file ¶

  Store the current playlist to FILE as the type FORMAT. The default format is specified by emms-source-playlist-default-format.

The current Emms playlist buffer is stored in the variable emms-playlist-buffer.

## 13 Track Information ¶

Without a way to read the embedded track information inside files, Emms will only be able to list file names and file locations. Therefore Emms is distributed with support for a number of pieces of software and libraries which can be used to provide access to track metadata such as the artist’s name, track name, album title, etc.

Emms can use a number of different ways to populate the playlist with track information. These methods require the installation some additional software, free software of course, that Emms can then call to read the metadata from the files.

- Tinytag, a small python utility. See See Using tinytag.
- Exiftool, written in perl. See See Using exiftool.
- The TagLib library can be used by compiling a small piece of “shim” software. See See Using TagLib.

You can also use a combination of format-specific tools if needed, such as `emms-info-mp3info.el`, `emms-info-ogginfo.el`, `emms-info-opusinfo.el`, and `emms-cue.el`. These three packages are front-ends for command-line tools. Ogg track information is retrieved using the ogginfo and the https://www.opus-codec.org/ opusinfo software. Likewise, mp3 track information is available using mp3info. `emms-cue.el` retrieves tracks information for ape/flac files by parsing a cue sheet file, which is plain text.

Automatic track information retrieval is enabled by default in the ‘emms-all’ setup level provided by `emms-setup.el`. For more information about `emms-setup.el` see See Setup.

If you would like to know how Emms track retreival works and how we can define new methods for track retrieval see See Defining Info Methods.

There are a number of user variables which control the behaviour of ‘emms-info’.

User Option: emms-info-auto-update ¶

  Non-nil when Emms should update track information if the file changes. This will cause hard drive activity on track loading. If this is too annoying for you, set this variable to nil.

User Option: emms-info-asynchronously ¶

  Non-nil when track information should be loaded asynchronously. This requires the feature ‘later-do’ which is provided by the file `later-do.el`, which comes with Emms. See later-do-batch for performance tweaking.

User Option: emms-info-functions ¶

  Functions which add information to tracks. Each is called with a track as argument.

### 13.1 Using tinytag ¶

Make sure that the python program tinytag is installed on your system. It is available at tinytag.

Configure tinytag as the sole info method (competing and overlapping methods can cause confusion) for Emms:

    (setq emms-info-functions '(emms-info-tinytag))

### 13.2 Using exiftool ¶

Make sure that the perl program exiftool is installed on your system. It is available at https://exiftool.org/.

Then set exiftool as the sole info method with:

    (setq emms-info-functions '(emms-info-exiftool))

### 13.3 Using TagLib ¶

`emms-info-libtag.el` uses a tiny C shim (included in the src/ directory) program to take advantage of TagLib.

The communication with the TagLib library is done via a tiny program written in C++ `emms-print-metadata.cpp`, which comes with Emms. To compile `emms-print-metadata` invoke:

`make emms-print-metadata`

The resultant binary will be installed when you invoke:

`make install` as in See Compiling Emms.

It is of course also possible to install only the `emms-print-metadata` binary where your system can find and execute it without installing all of Emms via the make command.

Once the binary is available load `emms-info-libtag` and make it the only info function with (note that if you have caching enabled you may have to delete the existing cache and repopulate it in order to see the TagLib data):

    (require 'emms-info-libtag)
    (setq emms-info-functions '(emms-info-libtag))

### 13.4 Defining Info Methods ¶

An info method essentially consists of a function which given an Emms track returns the appropriate info for that track.

We can for example look at the predefined method for retrieving information about audio tracks in the Ogg format.

The function `emms-info-ogginfo` provided by `emms-info-ogginfo.el` accepts an Emms track as a single argument and returns the appropriate information string.

We then register our info function with Emms by adding it to the emms-info-functions list. The function will then be called at the right time to provide track info.

    (add-to-list 'emms-info-functions 'emms-info-ogginfo)

## 14 Interactive Playlists ¶

Emms provides a visual, interactive playlist mode as well as the ability to use playlists without ever looking at then. This visual, interactive mode is called the ‘emms-playlist-mode’ and is defined in `emms-playlist-mode.el`.

The interactive playlist mode is enabled by default in the ‘emms-all’ setup level. For more information about Emms setup levels see See Setup.

Function: emms-playlist-mode-go ¶

  Switch to the current emms-playlist buffer and use emms-playlist-mode.

If you wish to make this the default Emms playlist mode, add the following to your `.emacs`.

    (setq emms-playlist-default-major-mode 'emms-playlist-mode)

The interactive playlist buffer shows the tracks in the current Emms playlist in the order in which they will be played. The current track will be highlighted.

When in the interactive playlist mode we can perform different actions on the current playlist.

`a` ¶

  Add files in the playlist at point to the current playlist buffer. If we are in the current playlist, make a new playlist buffer and set it as current.

`b` ¶

  Set the current playlist buffer.

`n` ¶

  Start playing the next track in the playlist.

`p` ¶

  Start playing the previous track in the playlist.

`s` ¶

  Stop playing.

`P` ¶

  Pause.

`>` ¶

  Seek ten seconds forward.

`<` ¶

  Seek ten seconds backward.

`f` ¶

  Describe the currently playing track in the minibuffer.

`c` ¶

  Display the current track in the center of the screen.

`RET` ¶

  Start playing the track under point. Note that this is also available with `<mouse-2>`.

`SPC` ¶

  Scroll up a near full page.

`M-<` ¶

  Go to the first track in the playlist.

`M->` ¶

  Go to the last track in the playlist.

`r` ¶

  Go to a randomly selected track in the playlist.

`q` ¶

  Put the interactive playlist buffer at the end of the list of all buffers.

`C-x C-s` ¶

  Save the current playlist buffer to a file. By default, Emms will ask you for confirmation before overwriting an existing playlist. You can silently overwrite existing playlist by setting emms-source-playlist-ask-before-overwrite to nil.

`?` ¶

  Describe the mode.

We can also edit the playlist using familiar GNU/Emacs commands:

`C-k` ¶

  Remove the track under point from the playlist buffer. Also available using the `d` key.

`C-y` ¶

  See the command `yank`

`C-w` ¶

  See the command `kill-region`

`M-y` ¶

  See the command `yank-pop`.

`C-j` ¶

  Insert a newline at point.

We can use the regular GNU/Emacs killing and yanking commands to move and copy tracks in between playlist buffers. We can use the same commands to insert arbitrary text into the playlist buffers together with the playlist tracks. Text which is not a track is ignored by the program and can therefore be used to include titles and annotations within the playlist.

## 15 Markable Playlists ¶

The Markable Playlists provided by the file `emms-mark.el` are an alternative to the default interactive playlists, See Interactive Playlists. They allow marking tracks with keybindings familiar to users of dired.

To enable the Markable Playlists you have to add

    (require 'emms-mark)

to your `.emacs`. Then you can activate `emms-mark-mode` by executing `M-x emms-mark-mode` in a playlist buffer. You can return to the default interactive playlist mode with `M-x emms-mark-mode-disable`.

If you wish to make this the default Emms playlist mode, add the following to your `.emacs`.

    (setq emms-playlist-default-major-mode 'emms-mark-mode)

`m` ¶

  Marks the current track and sets point one line forward. If a prefix argument ARG is given, it will mark the next ARG tracks and set point accordingly. A negative argument marks backward.

`U` ¶

  Unmarks all tracks in the playlist.

`t` ¶

  Toggles mark on the current track.

`u` ¶

  Unmarks same way as `emms-mark-forward` marks.

`% m` ¶

  Marks all tracks in the playlist matching the given regular expression. A prefix argument means to unmark them instead.

When tracks are marked you can operate on them:

`D` ¶

  Deletes the marked tracks from the playlist.

`K` ¶

  Deletes the marked tracks from the playlist and places them in the kill-ring, so that you can `yank` in into another playlist.

`W` ¶

  Adds the marked tracks to the kill-ring, so that you can `yank` them into another playlist.

emms-mark is also intent to provide a way for user to select tracks for other command to operate on them. Currently, `emms-tag-editor.el` uses the emms-mark to edit the tags of selected tracks. Two functions are useful for the elisp programer to handle marked tracks.

Function: emms-mark-do-with-marked-track ¶

  This function take a function to perform on all marked tracks. A optional argument ‘move-flag’ to tell the function to move forward line after calling given function. If the given function didn’t change position, the second argument should set to non-nil.

Function: emms-mark-mapcar-marked-track ¶

  This function is very similar to ‘emms-mark-do-with-marked-track’ except it collects result of given function (that’s why named with ‘mapcar’).

## 16 Extending Emms ¶

Emms introduces a high abstraction layer for playing music so you can customise it to your needs.

### 16.1 New Player ¶

The file `emms-player-simple.el` defines some easy players to start with, but it shouldn’t be hard to provide a function for your favourite player. We will start with an easy example that shows how we can use the `play` command under Unix to play our WAV files.

### 16.2 Simple Player for ‘play’ ¶

Play is a very easy command line player for various format. If you want your emms to play WAV files just put the following lines in you `.emacs`:

    (require 'emms-player-simple)
    (define-emms-simple-player play '(file) "\\.wav$" "play")

Huh! Wasn’t that easy?

The macro function `define-emms-simple-player` takes a minimum of three arguments. The first argument (play in our example) defines the name of the player. It’s used to name the player functions. The second is a regexp, that defines which files to play with our player. \\.wav$ matches any filename ending with a dot and the string wav. The last argument is the actual command line command we use to play our files. You can also add the path but we just assume that the command is in your path. All arguments you add to these three are optional. They define the command line arguments you want to add to your argument. If you want to hear the wav file of your favourite artist in the most possible volume use the following line:

    (require 'emms-player-simple)

    (define-emms-simple-player play
                               '(file)
                               "\\artist-*.wav$"
                               "play"
                               "--volume=100")

Please notice that you have to add the arguments as strings!

The command line tool you use for `define-emms-simple-player` has to take one song as argument and stop after playing that particular song. For any other concept you will need to customise emms a bit more...

### 16.3 More Complex Player ¶

The most players you use will be simple players so you don’t need to read this chapter. But if you are curious how you can use (almost) every player in emms read further...

In this chapter we will use mpg321 to construct a player that actually can pause a track, restart it and show rest time. We won’t implement all of that, but after that chapter you will know how to define it.

The command `define-emms-simple-player` is just a abstraction layer for `define-emms-player`, which is a little bit more complicated but much more powerful!

    (define-emms-player "emms-mpg321-remote"
      :start 'emms-mpg321-remote-start
      :stop 'emms-mpg321-remote-stop
      :playablep 'emms-mpg321-remote-playable-p)

So, that is almost all! `define-emms-player` takes a minimum of three arguments. The first is the name of the player. The rest are methods with functions to call. Three methods are required: start, stop and playable. Start says Emms how to start a track (sic!), stop how to stop a player and playablep should return non-nil if the player can play the track.

So we just need these three functions to get our mpg321-remote:

First we code the start function. We will check if there’s a open process and start one otherwise. Then we send a string to the process with the filename and set a filter.

    (defun emms-mpg321-remote-start ()
      (unless (get-process ``mpg321-remote'')
        (setq emms-mpg321-remote-process
              (start-process "mpg321-remote-process"
                             "*mpg321*" "mpg321" "-R" "abc"))
      (process-send-string "mpg321-remote-process"
                           (concat "l " (emms-track-name track)))
      (set-process-filter emms-mpg321-remote-process 'emms-mpg321-remote-filter)))

We need the filter, as mpg321-remote won’t quit after playing the track as the simple player do. We wait until the process sends the output “(at-sign)P 0” (the signal of mpg321 that the song ended) to the filter and call emms-mpg321-remote-stop.

    (defun emms-mpg321-remote-filter (process output)
      (when (string-match "(at-sign)P 0" output)
        (emms-mpg321-remote-stop)))

`emms-mpg321-remote-stop` won’t do anything interesting. It just test if there are other files to play and close the process otherwise.

    (defun emms-mpg321-remote-stop ()
      (unless emms-playlist
        (process-send-string "mpg321-remote-process" "Q\n"))

And to make that a playable example I also added `emms-mpg321-remote-playablep`, which I really just steal from `emms-player-simple.el`

    (defun emms-mpg321-remote-playablep (track)
           "Return non-nil when we can play this track."
           (and (eq 'file (emms-track-type track))

Now we have a ready player and we could add commands like `emms-mpg321-remote-pause` for example.

## 17 The Browser ¶

The Browser allows you to browse the metadata cache and add tracks to your playlist. It includes a powerful interactive mode.

The Browser is defined in `emms-browser.el` and is included in the `emms-all` setup level. For more information about Emms setup levels see See Setup.

You can also manually add the Browser to your Emms setup by loading it explicitly with:

    (require 'emms-browser)

To be properly useful, you should do M-x `emms-add-directory-tree` to all the files you own at least once so that the cache is fully populated.

### 17.1 Browser Interface ¶

The browser interface allows you to display and interact with your tracks in many different ways. There are a number of ways to start the browser.

Function: emms-smart-browse ¶

  Display browser and playlist. Toggle between selecting browser, playlist or hiding both. Tries to behave sanely if the user has manually changed the window configuration.

Function: emms-browse-by-artist ¶

  Display the browser and order the tracks by artist.

Function: emms-browse-by-album ¶

  Display the browser and order the tracks by album.

Function: emms-browse-by-genre ¶

  Display the browser and order the tracks by genre.

Function: emms-browse-by-year ¶

  Display the browser and order the tracks by year.

Once the Browser is displayed you can use it to managed your track collection and playlists. The Browser is interactive and has its own keybindings.

`C-j` ¶

  Add all tracks at point, and play the first added track.

`RET` ¶

  Add all tracks at point.

`SPC` ¶

  Show or hide (kill) subitems under the current line.

`1` ¶

  Collapse everything.

`2` ¶

  Expand all top level items one level.

`3` ¶

  Expand all top level items two levels.

`4` ¶

  Expand all top level items three levels.

`C` ¶

  Clear the playlist.

`E` ¶

  Expand everything.

`d` ¶

  View the current directory in dired.

`q` ¶

  Bury the browser buffer.

`r` ¶

  Jump to a random track.

`/` ¶

  Isearch through the buffer.

`<` ¶

  Redisplay with the previous filter.

`>` ¶

  Redisplay with the next filter.

`?` ¶

  See the Emacs documentation for the function.

`C-/` ¶

  Undo the previous playlist action.

`<C-return>` ¶

  Add all tracks at point, and play the first added track.

`<backtab>` ¶

  Jump to the previous non-track element.

`<tab>` ¶

  Jump to the next non-track element.

`s A` ¶

  Search the collection by album.

`s a` ¶

  Search the collection by artist.

`s s` ¶

  Search the collection by names.

`s t` ¶

  Search the collection by title.

`b 1` ¶

  Browse the collection by artist.

`b 2` ¶

  Browse the collection by album.

`b 3` ¶

  Browse the collection by genre.

`b 4` ¶

  Browse the collection by year.

`W a p` ¶

  Lookup the album using Pitchfork.

`W a w` ¶

  Lookup the album using Wikipedia.

### 17.2 Filtering Tracks ¶

If you want to display a subset of your collection (such as a directory of 80s music, only avi files, etc.) then you can extend the Browser by defining “filters”.

Show everything:

    (emms-browser-make-filter "all" 'ignore)

Set "all" as the default filter:

    (emms-browser-set-filter (assoc "all" emms-browser-filters))

Show all files (no streamlists, etc):

    (emms-browser-make-filter
     "all-files" (emms-browser-filter-only-type 'file))

Show only tracks in one folder:

    (emms-browser-make-filter
     "80s" (emms-browser-filter-only-dir "~/Mp3s/80s"))

Show all tracks played in the last month:

    (emms-browser-make-filter
     "last-month" (emms-browser-filter-only-recent 30))

After executing the above commands, you can use M-x emms-browser-show-all, emms-browser-show-80s, etc to toggle between different collections. Alternatively you can use ’<’ and ’>’ to cycle through the available filters.

The second argument to make-filter is a function which returns t if a single track should be filtered. You can write your own filter functions to check the type of a file, etc.

Show only tracks not played in the last year:

    (emms-browser-make-filter "not-played"
     (lambda (track)
      (not (funcall (emms-browser-filter-only-recent 365) track))))

Show all files that are not in the pending directory:

    (emms-browser-make-filter
     "all"
     (lambda (track)
       (or
        (funcall (emms-browser-filter-only-type 'file) track)
        (not (funcall
              (emms-browser-filter-only-dir "~/Media/pending") track)))))

### 17.3 Displaying Covers ¶

The browser will attempt to display cover images if they’re available.

Customize emms-browser-covers to configure how EMMS should retrieve the covers.

By default it looks for images `cover_small.jpg`, `cover_med.jpg`, etc. Note that you’ll probably want to resize your existing covers to particular sizes. Suggested sizes are 100x100 for small, and 200x200 for medium.

The above behaviour demands manual processing on behalf of the user. Instead, you might prefer to automate the process by setting emms-browser-covers to ’emms-browser-cache-thumbnail’: covers matching ’emms-browser-thumbnail-filter’ will be automatically resized if necessary and cached to emms-browser-thumbnail-directory. The cache gets automatically updated upon change in the source folder.

Customize emms-browser-covers-file-extensions to include or exclude specific extensions.

’emms-browser-cache-thumbnail’ might be everytime a cover is queried, so to help with performance you can also set emms-browser-covers to ’emms-browser-cache-thumbnail-async’. The latter is like the former except that it caches queries: every subsequent query will be much faster. The drawback is that it won’t see changes made to covers after the first query. To force-refresh the thumbnail cache, you can run ’emms-browser-clear-cache-hash’.

Also, Emacs by default will jump around a lot when scrolling a buffer with images. In order to prevent that, you can set scroll-up-aggressively and scroll-down-aggressively to the number “0.0”.

To show a ’no cover’ image for albums which don’t have a cover, add the following code to your .emacs:

    (setq emms-browser-default-covers
      (list "/path/to/cover_small.jpg" nil nil)

The medium and large images can be set as well.

You can download an example ‘no cover’ image.

### 17.4 Changing Looks ¶

The Browser’s look can be customised. You can change the way the tree structure looks, the display format and display faces.

#### Changing Tree Structure ¶

You can change the way the tree is displayed by modifying the function `emms-browser-next-mapping-type`.

The following code displays artist->track instead of artist->album->track when you switch to the ’singles’ filter:

    (defadvice emms-browser-next-mapping-type
                                    (after no-album (current-mapping))
      (when (eq ad-return-value 'info-album)
        (setq ad-return-value 'info-title)))

    (defun toggle-album-display ()
      (if (string= emms-browser-current-filter-name "singles")
          (ad-activate 'emms-browser-next-mapping-type)
        (ad-deactivate 'emms-browser-next-mapping-type)))

    (add-hook 'emms-browser-filter-changed-hook 'toggle-album-display)

Furthermore, you can customize emms-browser-get-track-field-function to choose which the metadata fields used for the different tree nodes (`'info-artist`, `info-year`, etc.). For instance, you can choose whether to organize the tree by artist, album artist or performer.

#### Changing Display Format ¶

Format strings govern the way items are displayed in the browser and playlist. You can customize these if you wish.

emms-browser-default-format controls the format to use when no other format has been explicitly defined. By default, only track and albums deviate from the default.

To customise the format of a particular type, find the name of the field you want to use (eg ‘info-artist’, ‘info-title’, etc), and insert that into emms-browser-<type>-format or emms-browser-playlist-<type>-format. For example, if you wanted to remove track numbers from tracks in both the browser and playlist, you could do:

    (defvar emms-browser-info-title-format "%i%n")
    (defvar emms-browser-playlist-info-title-format
      emms-browser-info-title-format)

The format specifiers available include:

- %i indent relative to the current level
- %n the value of the item - eg -info-artist might be “pink floyd”
- %y the album year
- %A the album name
- %a the artist name of the track
- %t the title of the track
- %T the track number
- %cS a small album cover
- %cM a medium album cover
- %cL a big album cover

Note that if you use track-related items like %t, it will take the data from the first track.

#### Changing Display Faces ¶

The faces used to display the various fields are also customizable. They are in the format emms-browser-<type>-face, where type is one of "year/genre", "artist", "album" or "track". Note that faces lack the initial "info-" part. For example, to change the artist face, type M-x `customize-face` `emms-browser-artist-face`.

## 18 Sorting Playlists ¶

The ‘emms-playlist-sort’ module, defined in the `emms-playlist-sort.el` package provides functions for sorting Emms playlists, as well as keyboard shortcuts for invoking the functions in the playlist buffer. Most of the functions will sort in reverse order if the command is preceded by a prefix. ‘emms-playlist-sort’ can be loaded by invoking:

    (require 'emms-playlist-sort)

Function: emms-playlist-sort-by-info-artist ¶

  Sort by artist name.

Function: emms-playlist-sort-by-play-count ¶

  Sort by number of times the track has been played.

Function: emms-playlist-sort-by-info-album ¶

  Sort by album name.

Function: emms-playlist-sort-by-last-played ¶

  Sort by time the track was played last.

Function: emms-playlist-sort-by-info-title ¶

  Sort by track title.

Function: emms-playlist-sort-by-file-extension ¶

  Sort by filename extension.

Function: emms-playlist-sort-by-info-performer ¶

  Sort by performer name.

Function: emms-playlist-sort-by-info-year ¶

  Sort by year.

Function: emms-playlist-sort-by-info-note ¶

  Sort by track notes.

Function: emms-playlist-sort-by-info-composer ¶

  Sort by composer.

Function: emms-playlist-sort-by-name ¶

  Sort by track name.

Function: emms-playlist-sort-by-file-mtime ¶

  Sort by file mtime.

## 19 Persistent Playlists ¶

The Emms module `emms-history.el` makes playlists persistent over emacs sessions. To make use of this feature put this into your ~/.emacs.

    (require 'emms-history)

When you kill emacs all playlists will be saved in the file given by the variable:

User Option: emms-history-file ¶

  The file to save playlists in. It defaults to "~/.emacs.d/emms-history".

After you started up emacs again, you can restore all saved playlists with this function.

Function: emms-history-load ¶

  Restore all playlists in ‘emms-history-file’.

If that should be done automatically on each startup, put these lines into your ~/.emacs.

    (require 'emms-history)
    (emms-history-load)

Normally `emms-history` only restores playlists. If you want it to start playback afterwards, you can tweak this variable.

User Option: emms-history-start-playing ¶

  If non-nil emms starts playing the current track after ‘emms-history-load’ was invoked. The default value is nil.

## 20 Editing Tracks ¶

Using `emms-tag-editor.el`, emms can set tag informations of tracks and write them back to the file with the help of external programs, such as ‘mid3v2’ and ‘vorbiscomment’.

Use the keybinding `E` to edit the tags of track under point in the playlist or all marked tracks (see Markable Playlists for how to mark tracks). The track’s tag informations are listed in a special buffer ‘*Emms-TAGS*’ in text format. Field names are marked in bold face and are not editable. Any tag information is placed behind an equal sign and is changable. A special field ‘name’ is the track’s file name. If any change is made in this field, the track’s file will be renamed to the new name. When you finished editing the tag infos use `C-c C-c` (which calls `emms-tag-editor-submit-and-exit`) to submit the changes and close the ‘*Emms-TAGS*’ buffer.

There are a few commands to perform changes on all tracks.

Function: emms-tag-editor-set-all tag value ¶

  Set TAG to VALUE in all tracks.

  If transient-mark-mode is turned on, you can apply the command to a selected region.

  If ‘transient-mark-mode’ is on and the mark is active, the changes will only take effect on the tracks in the region.

Function: emms-tag-editor-replace-in-tag tag from to ¶

  Query and replace text in selected TAG.

  For example, if the info-title tag is selected, then only perform replacement in title tags.

  If ‘transient-mark-mode’ is on and the mark is active, the changes will only take effect on the tracks in the region.

Function: emms-tag-editor-transpose-tag tag1 tag2 ¶

  Transpose value of TAG1 and TAG2.

  If ‘transient-mark-mode’ is on and the mark is active, the changes will only take effect on the tracks in the region.

Function: emms-tag-editor-submit arg ¶

  Make modified tags take affect.

  With prefix argument, bury the tag edit buffer.

If you want to extend the tag editor to work with file formats other than ‘mp3’ and ‘ogg’, have a look at these variables.

Variable: emms-tag-editor-formats ¶

  This variable determine how to insert track fields to ‘emms-tag-editor-edit-buffer’. Emms tag info editable fields is usually determined by the extension of track name. The variable ‘emms-tag-editor-tags’ contains all tags that emms track may have. A single charactar is assigned to the tag to make the ‘emms-tag-editor-formats’ easier to generate.

Variable: emms-tag-editor-tagfile-functions ¶

  To write tags to track file, an extern program should specified in this variable.

### Renaming Files ¶

The tag editor is also capable to rename the file of the track at point or all files of the marked tracks according to the value this variable.

User Option: emms-tag-editor-rename-format ¶

  When ‘emms-tag-editor-rename’ is invoked the track’s file will be renamed according this format specification. The file extension will be added automatically.

  It uses the format specs defined in `emms-tag-editor-tags`.

  The default value is "%a - %l - %n - %t", so that files are named

  <Artist> - <Album> - <Tracknumber> - <Title>.<extension>

  after renaming.

To perform the renaming put point on the track you want to rename or mark some tracks. Then hit `R` which calls this function:

Function: emms-tag-editor-rename ¶

  Rename the file corresponding to track at point or all marked tracks according to the value of `emms-tag-editor-rename-format`.

## 21 Emms Mode Line ¶

We can display information about the currenty playing track on the Emacs mode line using the package ‘emms-mode-line’ which is provided by the file `emms-mode-line.el`.

To activate this feature invoke:

    (require 'emms-mode-line)
    (emms-mode-line 1)

It is also possible to display the amount of time a track has been playing. This feature is defined in the ‘emms-playing-time’ package which is provided by the file `emms-playing-time.el`.

To use this feature invoke:

    (require 'emms-playing-time)
    (emms-playing-time 1)

Note: ‘(emms-playing-time -1)’ will disable emms-playing-time module completely, and is not recommended. (since some other emms modules may rely on it)

Instead, to toggle displaying playing time on mode line, one could call ‘emms-playing-time-enable-display’ and ‘emms-playing-time-disable-display’."

Function: emms-playing-time-enable-display ¶

  Display playing time on mode line.

Function: emms-playing-time-disable-display ¶

  Remove playing time from mode line.

## 22 Limiting ¶

The package ‘emms-playlist-limit’, provided by `emms-playlist-limit.el`, allows creating a new playlist derived from the playlist in the current buffer. For instance, it is possible to create a new playlist containing only a certain artist or genre from the playlist in the current buffer.

If the playlist in the current buffer is the emms current playlist then the derived playlist becomes current.

`/ a` ¶

  Create a new playlist buffer and populate it with tracks whose artist info field matches the given regular expression (default: the artist info field of the track at point).

`/ b` ¶

  Create a new playlist buffer and populate it with tracks whose album info field matches the given regular expression (default: the album info field of the track at point).

`/ c` ¶

  Create a new playlist buffer and populate it with tracks whose composer info field matches the given regular expression (default: the composer info field of the track at point).

`/ d` ¶

  Create a new playlist buffer and populate it with tracks whose track description matches the given regular expression (default: the track description of the track at point).

`/ g` ¶

  Create a new playlist buffer and populate it with tracks whose genre info field matches the given regular expression (default: the genre info field of the track at point).

`/ n` ¶

  Create a new playlist buffer and populate it with tracks whose name matches the given regular expression (default: the name of the track at point).

`/ p` ¶

  Create a new playlist buffer and populate it with tracks whose performer info field matches the given regular expression (default: the performer info field of the track at point).

`/ t` ¶

  Create a new playlist buffer and populate it with tracks whose title info field matches the given regular expression (default: the title info field of the track at point).

`/ y` ¶

  Create a new playlist buffer and populate it with tracks whose year info field matches the given regular expression (default: the year info field of the track at point).

`/ /` ¶

  Switch to the original playlist buffer (if it still exists).

## 23 Music Player Daemon ¶

Emms provides an interface to the Music Player Daemon(MusicPD) software. The package is called ‘emms-player-mpd’ and is provided by the file `emms-player-mpd.el`.

The advantages of using MusicPD as an Emms backend include the following.

- minimal CPU usage
- fast access of track information
- optional crossfade

#### Setup ¶

To load ‘emms-player-mpd’ invoke:

    (require 'emms-player-mpd)

Set the variables emms-player-mpd-server-name and emms-player-mpd-server-port to the location and port (respectively) of your MusicPD server. For example:

    (setq emms-player-mpd-server-name "localhost")
    (setq emms-player-mpd-server-port "6600")

If your MusicPD setup requires a password, you will to set emms-player-mpd-server-password as follows.

    (setq emms-player-mpd-server-password "mypassword")

To get track information from MusicPD, invoke the following:

    (add-to-list 'emms-info-functions 'emms-info-mpd)

Adding ‘emms-player-mpd’ to your Emms player list is accomplished by invoking:

    (add-to-list 'emms-player-list 'emms-player-mpd)

Unless your MusicPD is configured to use absolute file names, you must set the emms-player-mpd-music-directory variable to the value of ’music_directory’ in your MusicPD configuration. There are additional options available as well, but the defaults should be sufficient for most uses.

Once you’ve done the above, run the `M-x emms-cache-set-from-mpd-all` command to fill the Emms cache with the contents of your MusicPD database. The music in your MusicPD database should then be accessible via the Emms browser.

You can set emms-player-mpd-sync-playlist to nil if your master Emms playlist contains only stored playlists.

#### Commands provided ¶

Function: emms-player-mpd-connect ¶

  Connect to MusicPD and retrieve its current playlist. Afterward, the status of MusicPD will be tracked.

Function: emms-player-mpd-disconnect ¶

  Terminate the MusicPD client process and disconnect from MusicPD.

Function: emms-player-mpd-show &optional insertp ¶

  Describe the current Emms track in the minibuffer. If INSERTP is non-nil, insert the description into the current buffer instead. This function uses emms-show-format to format the current track. It differs from `emms-show` in that it asks MusicPD for the current track, rather than Emms.

#### Updating the MusicPD database ¶

Function: emms-player-mpd-update-directory dir ¶

  Cause the tracks in DIR to be updated in the MusicPD database.

Function: emms-player-mpd-update-all ¶

  Cause all tracks in the MusicPD music directory to be updated in the MusicPD database.

#### emms-cache.el integration ¶

Function: emms-cache-set-from-mpd-directory dir ¶

  Dump all MusicPD data from DIR into the Emms cache. This is useful to do when you have recently acquired new music.

Function: emms-cache-set-from-mpd-all ¶

  Dump all MusicPD data into the Emms cache. This is useful to do once, just before using emms-browser.el, in order to prime the cache.

#### emms-volume.el integration ¶

To activate this, add the following to your .emacs.

    (require 'emms-volume)
    (setq emms-volume-change-function 'emms-volume-mpd-change)

## 24 Lyrics ¶

We can display the lyrics of a song in time with the music using the ‘emms-lyrics’ package provided by the file `emms-lyrics.el`.

The lyrics files should have the extention “.lrc”, and can be placed under either the same directory as the music files or emms-lyrics-dir.

To add this feature we invoke:

    (require 'emms-lyrics)
    (emms-lyrics 1)

There are a number of variables we can set to define the way that ‘emms-lyrics’ behaves, we can set these directly or by using the Customize feature in Emacs.

User Option: emms-lyrics-display-on-minibuffer ¶

  If non-nil, display lyrics on minibuffer.

User Option: emms-lyrics-display-on-modeline ¶

  If non-nil, display lyrics on modeline.

User Option: emms-lyrics-dir ¶

  Local lyrics repository. `emms-lyrics-find-lyric` will look for lyrics in current directory(i.e., same as the music file) and this directory.

User Option: emms-lyrics-display-format ¶

  Format for displaying lyrics. "%s" will be replaced by the lyrics string.

User Option: emms-lyrics-coding-system ¶

  Coding system used in the output of lyrics.

User Option: emms-lyrics-scroll-p ¶

  Non-nil value will enable lyrics scrolling.

User Option: emms-lyrics-scroll-timer-interval ¶

  Interval between scroller timers. The shorter, the faster.

We can control ‘emms-lyrics’ with the help of the following functions:

Function: emms-lyrics-start ¶

  Start displaying lyrics.

Function: emms-lyrics-stop ¶

  Stop displaying lyrics.

Function: emms-lyrics-toggle-display-on-minibuffer ¶

  Toggle display lyrics on minibufer.

Function: emms-lyrics-toggle-display-on-modeline ¶

  Toggle display lyrics on mode line.

Function: emms-lyrics-enable ¶

  Enable displaying Emms lyrics.

Function: emms-lyrics-disable ¶

  Disable displaying Emms lyrics.

Function: emms-lyrics-toggle ¶

  Toggle displaying Emms lyrics.

## 25 Volume ¶

We can use the ‘emms-volume’ package, as provided by the `emms-volume.el` file, to manipulate the volume.

User Option: emms-volume-change-amount ¶

  The amount to use when raising or lowering the volume using the emms-volume interface.

  This should be a positive integer.

Function: emms-volume-raise ¶

  Increase the volume.

Function: emms-volume-lower ¶

  Decrease the volume.

If you feel like binding those two functions to global keys — don’t do it or you’ll miss the convenience of ‘emms-volume-minor-mode’. Instead, bind the following two commands to some keys that you like.

Function: emms-volume-mode-plus ¶

  Raise volume and enable or extend the ‘emms-volume-minor-mode’ timeout.

Function: emms-volume-mode-minus ¶

  Lower volume and enable or extend the ‘emms-volume-minor-mode’ timeout.

Example:

    (global-set-key (kbd "C-c +") 'emms-volume-mode-plus)
    (global-set-key (kbd "C-c -") 'emms-volume-mode-minus)

Whenever you use one of these keys or call these functions with `M-x`, Emms will be put into ‘emms-volume-minor-mode’ for a short period defined by ‘emms-volume-mode-timeout’.

User Option: emms-volume-mode-timeout ¶

  The timeout in amount of seconds used by ‘emms-volume-minor-mode’.

In this interval you can raise/lower the volume simply by pressing `+` or `-`, which will also reset the timer to its initial value. So instead of pressing `C-c +` six times to increase volume by six steps of `emms-volume-change-amount`, you would simply type `C-c + + + + + +`.

Emms can change volume with amixer, mpd, PulseAudio and mixerctl out of the box, see emms-volume-change-function.

## 26 Streaming Audio ¶

Emms is a great way to play streaming audio and internet radio. It is possible to add streaming playlists and URLs to any playlist, but Emms also comes with a built-in, eclectic list of streaming audio stations. 1

The `emms-streams.el` package provides the command `emms-streams`.

Invoking `emms-streams` will pull up an Emms playlist buffer and populate it with the built-in list of streaming audio sources.

## 27 APE / FLAC Commands ¶

Often, a single APE or FLAC file contains a complete ablum. We can still play next or previous track in the ablum with the help of `emms-cue.el` package, provided there is a corresponding cue sheet file. This package also defines `emms-info-cueinfo` for retreiving the track information for APE / FLAC itself.

To load `emms-cue.el`:

    (require 'emms-cue)
    (add-to-list 'emms-info-functions 'emms-info-cueinfo)

Function: emms-cue-next ¶

  Play next track from .cue file

Function: emms-cue-previous ¶

  Play previous track from .cue file

## 28 Bookmarks ¶

Emms can save a “temporal bookmark” in a media file via emms-bookmarks. The file `emms-bookmarks.el` provides the package emms-bookmarks.

While some media is playing, invoking `M-x emms-bookmarks-add` will first pause the playback and then prompt for a name describing the bookmark. Tracks can have multiple bookmarks associated with them.

To jump to the next and previous bookmarks in the current track invoke `M-x emms-bookmarks-next` and `M-x emms-bookmarks-prev` respectively.

To clear all of the bookmarks for the current track invoke `M-x emms-bookmarks-clear`.

## 29 Managing Playlists ¶

Emms can have multiple playlists, since a playlist is just another buffer with a list of tracks. You can manage multiple playlists using ‘emms-metaplaylist-mode’, provided by the file `emms-metaplaylist-mode`.

Start the playlist manager with `M-x emms-metaplaylist-mode-go`. The playlist manager will list the playlists and mark the current one. The following commands are available:

`RET` ¶

  Make the buffer at point the Emms playlist buffer and switch to it.

`SPC` ¶

  Make the buffer at point the Emms playlist buffer (but do not switch to it).

`n` ¶

  Move point to the next playlist.

`p` ¶

  Move point to the previous playlist.

`g` ¶

  Update the playlist manager buffer.

`C` ¶

  Create a new Emms playlist buffer.

`C-k` ¶

  Kill the Emms playlist buffer at point.

`c` ¶

  Move point to the current playlist buffer.

`q` ¶

  Kill the playlist manager.

## 30 GNU FM ¶

GNU FM is free software for running music community websites. It was created for the music community site, Libre.fm.

Emms can send track information, and stream music from GNU FM servers using `emms-librefm-scrobbler.el` and `emms-librefm-stream.el`, respectively.

Emms is configured by default to use Libre.fm, but can work with any GNU FM server by configuring the variable emms-librefm-scrobbler-handshake-url to the URL of the GNU FM server.

The recommended way of providing your credentials to the GNU FM server is by using an authinfo file. Add authentication to your auth-info file, typically `~/.authinfo.gpg`, as:

    machine libre.fm login USERNAME password PASSWORD

If you are using some other server than libre.fm, change “‘`libre.fm`’” to match emms-librefm-scrobbler-handshake-url.

Alternatively, you can save the password in plaintext in your init-file by setting these variables:

    (setq emms-librefm-scrobbler-username "USERNAME"
          emms-librefm-scrobbler-password "PASSWORD")

### 30.1 Uploading Track Information ¶

GNU FM servers, such as Libre.fm can optionally store a user’s listening habits using information sent to the website’s server from the Emms. By utilizing the records of users’ listening habits, the website aims to be able to recommend music to users by analyzing their musical taste.

Load the feature into Emms with:

    (require 'emms-librefm-scrobbler)

This feature can also be enabled via See Setup, in the ‘emms-all’ setup level.

Enable uploading the details of the tracks Emms plays to the GNU FM server with `emms-librefm-scrobbler-enable`. The track’s details will be uploaded to the server when the track’s playback ends. You can disable this behavior with `emms-librefm-scrobbler-disable`.

### 30.2 GNU FM Streaming ¶

If the GNU FM server provides a streaming music service you can take advantage of it by loading:

    (require 'emms-librefm-stream)

This feature can also be enabled via See Setup, in the ‘emms-all’ setup level.

Then invoke `emms-librefm-stream` and enter the URL of the station you wish to listen to, for example “librefm://globaltags/Classical”.

## GNU General Public License ¶

Version 3, 29 June 2007

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14. Revised Versions of this License.

    The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns.

    Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General Public License “or any later version” applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.

    If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy’s public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the Program.

    Later license versions may give you additional or different permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a later version.

15. Disclaimer of Warranty.

    THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.

16. Limitation of Liability.

    IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.

    If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a copy of the Program in return for a fee.

### How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs ¶

If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.

To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the “copyright” line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.

    one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.
    Copyright (C) year name of author

    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at
    your option) any later version.

    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
    WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
    General Public License for more details.

    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
    along with this program.  If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.

Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.

If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:

    program Copyright (C) year name of author
    This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type ‘show w’.
    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type ‘show c’ for details.

The hypothetical commands ‘`show w`’ and ‘`show c`’ should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program’s commands might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an “about box”.

You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, if any, to sign a “copyright disclaimer” for the program, if necessary. For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.

The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License. But first, please read http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html.

## 31 GNU Free Documentation License ¶

Version 1.2, November 2002

    Copyright © 2000,2001,2002 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
    51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301, USA

    Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
    of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.

0. PREAMBLE

   The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other functional and useful document free in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others.

   This License is a kind of “copyleft”, which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software.

   We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.

1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS

   This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that work under the conditions stated herein. The “Document”, below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as “you”. You accept the license if you copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission under copyright law.

   A “Modified Version” of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another language.

   A “Secondary Section” is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document’s overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them.

   The “Invariant Sections” are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. If a section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant Sections then there are none.

   The “Cover Texts” are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.

   A “Transparent” copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public, that is suitable for revising the document straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount of text. A copy that is not “Transparent” is called “Opaque”.

   Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word processors for output purposes only.

   The “Title Page” means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, “Title Page” means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work’s title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.

   A section “Entitled XYZ” means a named subunit of the Document whose title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a specific section name mentioned below, such as “Acknowledgements”, “Dedications”, “Endorsements”, or “History”.) To “Preserve the Title” of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a section “Entitled XYZ” according to this definition.

   The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has no effect on the meaning of this License.

2. VERBATIM COPYING

   You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.

   You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you may publicly display copies.

3. COPYING IN QUANTITY

   If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the Document’s license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.

   If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.

   If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a computer-network location from which the general network-using public has access to download using public-standard network protocols a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public.

   It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.

4. MODIFICATIONS

   You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:

   1. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
   2. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five), unless they release you from this requirement.
   3. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version, as the publisher.
   4. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
   5. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.
   6. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
   7. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document’s license notice.
   8. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
   9. Preserve the section Entitled “History”, Preserve its Title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no section Entitled “History” in the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence.
   10. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in the “History” section. You may omit a network location for a work that was published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
   11. For any section Entitled “Acknowledgements” or “Dedications”, Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
   12. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
   13. Delete any section Entitled “Endorsements”. Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version.
   14. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled “Endorsements” or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
   15. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.

   If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version’s license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.

   You may add a section Entitled “Endorsements”, provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties—for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.

   You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.

   The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.

5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS

   You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.

   The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.

   In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled “History” in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled “History”; likewise combine any sections Entitled “Acknowledgements”, and any sections Entitled “Dedications”. You must delete all sections Entitled “Endorsements.”

6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS

   You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.

   You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.

7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS

   A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, is called an “aggregate” if the copyright resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights of the compilation’s users beyond what the individual works permit. When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves derivative works of the Document.

   If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of the entire aggregate, the Document’s Cover Texts may be placed on covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form. Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole aggregate.

8. TRANSLATION

   Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License, and all the license notices in the Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include the original English version of this License and the original versions of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original version of this License or a notice or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.

   If a section in the Document is Entitled “Acknowledgements”, “Dedications”, or “History”, the requirement (section 4) to Preserve its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual title.

9. TERMINATION

   You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.

10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE

    The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.

    Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License “or any later version” applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.

### 31.1 ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents ¶

To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of the License in the document and put the following copyright and license notices just after the title page:

      Copyright (C)  year  your name.
      Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
      under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2
      or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
      with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover
      Texts.  A copy of the license is included in the section entitled ``GNU
      Free Documentation License''.

If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts, replace the “with...Texts.” line with this:

        with the Invariant Sections being list their titles, with
        the Front-Cover Texts being list, and with the Back-Cover Texts
        being list.

If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the situation.

If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of free software license, such as the GNU General Public License, to permit their use in free software.

## Concept Index ¶

Jump to: | A B C D F G H I L M N O P Q R S T U V W

| Index Entry | Section

A
| adding functionality | Hooks
| advanced player | More Complex Player

B
| basic commands | Basic Commands
| basic functions | Core Functions
| basic player | Simple Player for `play'

C
| commands, basic | Basic Commands
| compiling | Compiling Emms
| complex player | More Complex Player
| Configuration | Configuration
| core file | The Core File
| core functions | Core Functions

D
| defining info methods | Defining Info Methods
| defining new players | New Player
| defining players | Extending Emms
| display emms information | Emms Mode Line

F
| FDL, GNU Free Documentation License | The GNU FDL
| files | Finding files and speed
| format | Formats and Freedom
| freedom | Formats and Freedom

G
| GNU FM | GNU FM

H
| heart of Emms | The Core File
| hooks | Hooks

I
| info tags | Track Information
| installation | Installation
| Interactive Playlists | Interactive Playlists
| internet radio | Streaming Audio
| introduction | Introduction

L
| limiting | Limiting
| lyrics | Lyrics

M
| mailing list | Getting Help
| Markable Playlists | Markable Playlists
| mode line | Emms Mode Line
| mpd | Music Player Daemon
| music player daemon | Music Player Daemon

N
| new player | New Player
| new players | Extending Emms
| new players, defining | Extending Emms

O
| options | User Variables
| organizing tracks and media | Playlists

P
| players, simple | Simple Players
| playlist | Limiting
| primitive functions | The Core File
| primitive player | Simple Player for `play'

Q
| quick setup | Setup

R
| remote interface | Music Player Daemon

S
| setting up Emms | Setup
| setup | Setup
| simple player | Simple Player for `play'
| sort | Sorting Playlists
| Sources | Sources
| speed | Finding files and speed
| streaming audio | Streaming Audio

T
| track editor | Editing Tracks
| track information | Track Information
| track order | Sorting Playlists

U
| user variables | User Variables
| Using exiftool | Using exiftool
| using taglib | Using TagLib
| Using tinytag | Using tinytag

V
| volume | Volume

W
| website | Getting Help

## Function Index ¶

Jump to: | B D E K N P S

| Index Entry | Section

B
| `bury-buffer` | Interactive Playlists

D
| `define-emms-simple-player` | Simple Players
| `describe-mode` | Interactive Playlists
| `describe-mode` | Browser Interface

E
| `emms-add-directory` | Basic Commands
| `emms-add-directory-tree` | Basic Commands
| `emms-add-file` | Basic Commands
| `emms-add-find` | Basic Commands
| `emms-add-playlist` | Basic Commands
| `emms-add-url` | Basic Commands
| `emms-all` | Setup
| `emms-browse-by-album` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browse-by-album` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browse-by-artist` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browse-by-artist` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browse-by-genre` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browse-by-genre` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browse-by-year` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browse-by-year` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-add-tracks` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-add-tracks-and-play` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-add-tracks-and-play` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-bury-buffer` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-clear-playlist` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-collapse-all` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-expand-all` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-expand-to-level-2` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-expand-to-level-3` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-expand-to-level-4` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-goto-random` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-lookup-album-on-pitchfork` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-lookup-album-on-wikipedia` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-next-filter` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-next-non-track` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-prev-non-track` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-previous-filter` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-search-by-album` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-search-by-artist` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-search-by-names` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-search-by-title` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-toggle-subitems` | Browser Interface
| `emms-browser-view-in-dired` | Browser Interface
| `emms-cache-set-from-mpd-all` | Music Player Daemon
| `emms-cache-set-from-mpd-directory` | Music Player Daemon
| `emms-cue-next` | APE / FLAC Commands
| `emms-cue-previous` | APE / FLAC Commands
| `emms-default-players` | Setup
| `emms-history-load` | Persistent Playlists
| `emms-isearch-buffer` | Browser Interface
| `emms-locate` | Sources
| `emms-lyrics-disable` | Lyrics
| `emms-lyrics-enable` | Lyrics
| `emms-lyrics-start` | Lyrics
| `emms-lyrics-stop` | Lyrics
| `emms-lyrics-toggle` | Lyrics
| `emms-lyrics-toggle-display-on-minibuffer` | Lyrics
| `emms-lyrics-toggle-display-on-modeline` | Lyrics
| `emms-mark-copy-marked-tracks` | Markable Playlists
| `emms-mark-delete-marked-tracks` | Markable Playlists
| `emms-mark-do-with-marked-track` | Markable Playlists
| `emms-mark-forward` | Markable Playlists
| `emms-mark-kill-marked-tracks` | Markable Playlists
| `emms-mark-mapcar-marked-track` | Markable Playlists
| `emms-mark-regexp` | Markable Playlists
| `emms-mark-toggle` | Markable Playlists
| `emms-mark-unmark-all` | Markable Playlists
| `emms-mark-unmark-forward` | Markable Playlists
| `emms-metaplaylist-mode-center-current` | Managing Playlists
| `emms-metaplaylist-mode-goto-current` | Managing Playlists
| `emms-metaplaylist-mode-kill-buffer` | Managing Playlists
| `emms-metaplaylist-mode-new-buffer` | Managing Playlists
| `emms-metaplaylist-mode-set-active` | Managing Playlists
| `emms-metaplaylist-mode-update` | Managing Playlists
| `emms-minimalistic` | Setup
| `emms-next` | Basic Commands
| `emms-next` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-next` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-next-noerror` | Core Functions
| `emms-pause` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-play-directory` | Basic Commands
| `emms-play-directory-tree` | Basic Commands
| `emms-play-file` | Basic Commands
| `emms-play-find` | Basic Commands
| `emms-play-find` | Sources
| `emms-play-playlist` | Basic Commands
| `emms-play-url` | Basic Commands
| `emms-player-for` | Core Functions
| `emms-player-mpd-connect` | Music Player Daemon
| `emms-player-mpd-disconnect` | Music Player Daemon
| `emms-player-mpd-show` | Music Player Daemon
| `emms-player-mpd-update-all` | Music Player Daemon
| `emms-player-mpd-update-directory` | Music Player Daemon
| `emms-player-simple-sentinel` | Simple Players
| `emms-player-simple-start` | Simple Players
| `emms-player-simple-stop` | Simple Players
| `emms-player-start` | Core Functions
| `emms-player-stop` | Core Functions
| `emms-player-stopped` | Core Functions
| `emms-playing-time-disable-display` | Emms Mode Line
| `emms-playing-time-enable-display` | Emms Mode Line
| `emms-playlist-current-selected-track` | Core Functions
| `emms-playlist-limit-to-all` | Limiting
| `emms-playlist-limit-to-description` | Limiting
| `emms-playlist-limit-to-info-album` | Limiting
| `emms-playlist-limit-to-info-artist` | Limiting
| `emms-playlist-limit-to-info-composer` | Limiting
| `emms-playlist-limit-to-info-genre` | Limiting
| `emms-playlist-limit-to-info-performer` | Limiting
| `emms-playlist-limit-to-info-title` | Limiting
| `emms-playlist-limit-to-info-year` | Limiting
| `emms-playlist-limit-to-name` | Limiting
| `emms-playlist-mode-add-contents` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-playlist-mode-center-current` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-playlist-mode-first` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-playlist-mode-go` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-playlist-mode-insert-newline` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-playlist-mode-kill` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-playlist-mode-kill-track` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-playlist-mode-last` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-playlist-mode-play-current-track` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-playlist-mode-undo` | Browser Interface
| `emms-playlist-mode-yank` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-playlist-mode-yank-pop` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-playlist-new` | Playlists
| `emms-playlist-next` | Core Functions
| `emms-playlist-previous` | Core Functions
| `emms-playlist-save` | Playlists
| `emms-playlist-save` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-playlist-set-playlist-buffer` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-playlist-sort-by-file-extension` | Sorting Playlists
| `emms-playlist-sort-by-file-mtime` | Sorting Playlists
| `emms-playlist-sort-by-info-album` | Sorting Playlists
| `emms-playlist-sort-by-info-artist` | Sorting Playlists
| `emms-playlist-sort-by-info-composer` | Sorting Playlists
| `emms-playlist-sort-by-info-note` | Sorting Playlists
| `emms-playlist-sort-by-info-performer` | Sorting Playlists
| `emms-playlist-sort-by-info-title` | Sorting Playlists
| `emms-playlist-sort-by-info-year` | Sorting Playlists
| `emms-playlist-sort-by-last-played` | Sorting Playlists
| `emms-playlist-sort-by-name` | Sorting Playlists
| `emms-playlist-sort-by-play-count` | Sorting Playlists
| `emms-previous` | Basic Commands
| `emms-random` | Core Functions
| `emms-random` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-seek` | Core Functions
| `emms-seek-backward` | Core Functions
| `emms-seek-backward` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-seek-forward` | Core Functions
| `emms-seek-forward` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-show` | Basic Commands
| `emms-show` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-shuffle` | Basic Commands
| `emms-smart-browse` | Browser Interface
| `emms-sort` | Basic Commands
| `emms-source-directory` | Sources
| `emms-source-directory-tree` | Sources
| `emms-source-dired` | Sources
| `emms-source-file` | Sources
| `emms-source-file-directory-tree` | Sources
| `emms-source-file-regex` | Sources
| `emms-source-files` | Sources
| `emms-source-find` | Sources
| `emms-source-playlist` | Sources
| `emms-source-playlist-m3u` | Sources
| `emms-source-playlist-native` | Sources
| `emms-source-playlist-pls` | Sources
| `emms-start` | Basic Commands
| `emms-stop` | Basic Commands
| `emms-stop` | Interactive Playlists
| `emms-tag-editor-rename` | Editing Tracks
| `emms-tag-editor-replace-in-tag` | Editing Tracks
| `emms-tag-editor-set-all` | Editing Tracks
| `emms-tag-editor-submit` | Editing Tracks
| `emms-tag-editor-transpose-tag` | Editing Tracks
| `emms-toggle-random-playlist` | Core Functions
| `emms-toggle-repeat-playlist` | Core Functions
| `emms-toggle-repeat-track` | Core Functions
| `emms-track` | Core Functions
| `emms-track-description` | Core Functions
| `emms-track-get` | Core Functions
| `emms-track-name` | Core Functions
| `emms-track-set` | Core Functions
| `emms-track-type` | Core Functions
| `emms-volume-lower` | Volume
| `emms-volume-mode-minus` | Volume
| `emms-volume-mode-plus` | Volume
| `emms-volume-raise` | Volume

K
| `kill-this-buffer` | Managing Playlists

N
| `next-line` | Managing Playlists

P
| `previous-line` | Managing Playlists

S
| `scroll-up` | Interactive Playlists

## Variable Index ¶

| Index Entry | Section

E
| `emms-history-file` | Persistent Playlists
| `emms-history-start-playing` | Persistent Playlists
| `emms-info-asynchronously` | Track Information
| `emms-info-auto-update` | Track Information
| `emms-info-functions` | Track Information
| `emms-lyrics-coding-system` | Lyrics
| `emms-lyrics-dir` | Lyrics
| `emms-lyrics-display-format` | Lyrics
| `emms-lyrics-display-on-minibuffer` | Lyrics
| `emms-lyrics-display-on-modeline` | Lyrics
| `emms-lyrics-scroll-p` | Lyrics
| `emms-lyrics-scroll-timer-interval` | Lyrics
| `emms-player-finished-hook` | Hooks
| `emms-player-list` | User Variables
| `emms-player-paused-hook` | Hooks
| `emms-player-started-hook` | Hooks
| `emms-player-stopped-hook` | Hooks
| `emms-playlist-cleared-hook` | Hooks
| `emms-playlist-selection-changed-hook` | Hooks
| `emms-playlist-source-inserted-hook` | Hooks
| `emms-repeat-playlist` | User Variables
| `emms-show-format` | User Variables
| `emms-sort-lessp-function` | User Variables
| `emms-source-file-default-directory` | Sources
| `emms-tag-editor-formats` | Editing Tracks
| `emms-tag-editor-rename-format` | Editing Tracks
| `emms-tag-editor-tagfile-functions` | Editing Tracks
| `emms-track-description-function` | User Variables
| `emms-volume-change-amount` | Volume
| `emms-volume-mode-timeout` | Volume

## Keybinding Index ¶

Jump to: | ? / < > 1 2 3 4 B C D E G N P Q R S W

| Index Entry | Section

?
| `? (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface

/
| `/ (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `/ /` | Limiting
| `/ a` | Limiting
| `/ b` | Limiting
| `/ c` | Limiting
| `/ d` | Limiting
| `/ g` | Limiting
| `/ n` | Limiting
| `/ p` | Limiting
| `/ t` | Limiting
| `/ y` | Limiting

<
| `< (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `<backtab> (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `<C-return> (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `<tab> (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface

>
| `> (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface

1
| `1 (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface

2
| `2 (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface

3
| `3 (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface

4
| `4 (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface

B
| `b 1 (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `b 2 (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `b 3 (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `b 4 (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface

C
| `C` | Managing Playlists
| `c` | Managing Playlists
| `C (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `C-/ (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `C-j (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `C-k` | Managing Playlists

D
| `d (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface

E
| `E (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface

G
| `g` | Managing Playlists

N
| `n` | Managing Playlists

P
| `p` | Managing Playlists

Q
| `q` | Managing Playlists
| `q (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface

R
| `r (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `RET` | Managing Playlists
| `RET (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface

S
| `s A (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `s a (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `s s (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `s t (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `SPC` | Managing Playlists
| `SPC (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface

W
| `W a p (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface
| `W a w (emms-browser)` | Browser Interface

#### Footnotes

##### (1)

Emms has no affiliation of any kind with the streaming audio stations included, nor is their inclusion an endorsement of these stations. Instead, this is a collection of stations submitted to the project over the years by people who enjoy Emms. We hope you will enjoy them too, and invite you to send in your suggestions to add to the list.