# operator<<,>>(std::complex)

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< cpp‎ | numeric‎ | complex

Defined in header `<complex>` |  |
template <class T, class CharT, class Traits> std::basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& operator<<(std::basic_ostream<CharT, Traits>& os, const std::complex<T>& x); | (1) |
template <class T, class CharT, class Traits> std::basic_istream<CharT, Traits>& operator>>(std::basic_istream<CharT, Traits>& is, std::complex<T>& x); | (2) |

1) Writes to os the complex number in the form (real,imaginary).
2) Reads a complex number from is. The supported formats are

- real
- (real)
- (real,imaginary)

Where the input for real and imaginary must be convertible to T.

If an error occurs calls is.setstate(ios_base::failbit)

### Exceptions

May throw std::ios_base::failure on stream errors.

### Parameters

os | - | a character output stream
is | - | a character input stream
x | - | the complex number to be inserted or extracted

### Return value

1) os
2) is

### Notes

1) As the comma may be used in the current locale as decimal separator, the output may be ambiguous. This can be solved with std::showpoint which forces the decimal separator to be visible.
2) The input is performed as a series of simple formatted extractions. Whitespace skipping is the same for each of them.

### Possible implementation

    template<class T, class charT, class traits>
    basic_ostream<charT, traits>&
    operator<<(basic_ostream<charT, traits>& o, const complex<T>& x) {
        basic_ostringstream<charT, traits> s;
        s.flags(o.flags());
        s.imbue(o.getloc());
        s.precision(o.precision());
        s << ’(’ << x.real() << "," << x.imag() << ’)’;
        return o << s.str();
    }

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