# std::filesystem::path::parent_path

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< cpp‎ | filesystem‎ | path

path parent_path() const; |  | (since C++17)

Returns the path to the parent directory. Returns empty path if empty() or there's only a single element in the path (begin() == --end().

The resulting path is constructed by appending all elements in a range `[begin(), --end())` to an empty path.

### Parameters

(none)

### Return value

The path to the parent directory.

### Exceptions

(none)

### Example

Run this code

    #include <iostream>
    #include <filesystem>
    namespace fs = std::filesystem;
    int main()
    {
        for(fs::path p : {"/var/tmp/example.txt", "/", "/var/tmp/."})
            std::cout << "The parent path of " << p
                      << " is " << p.parent_path() << '\n';
    }

Possible output:

    The parent path of "/var/tmp/example.txt" is "/var/tmp"
    The parent path of "/" is ""
    The parent path of "/var/tmp/." is "/var/tmp"

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