# FP_NORMAL, FP_SUBNORMAL, FP_ZERO, FP_INFINITE, FP_NAN

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< cpp‎ | numeric‎ | math

Defined in header `<cmath>` |  |
#define FP_NORMAL /*implementation defined*/ |  | (since C++11)
#define FP_SUBNORMAL /*implementation defined*/ |  | (since C++11)
#define FP_ZERO /*implementation defined*/ |  | (since C++11)
#define FP_INFINITE /*implementation defined*/ |  | (since C++11)
#define FP_NAN /*implementation defined*/ |  | (since C++11)

The `FP_NORMAL`, `FP_SUBNORMAL`, `FP_ZERO`, `FP_INFINITE`, `FP_NAN` macros each represent a distinct category of floating-point numbers. They all expand to an integer constant expression.

Constant | Explanation
`FP_NORMAL` | indicates that the value is normal, i.e. not an infinity, subnormal, not-a-number or zero
`FP_SUBNORMAL` | indicates that the value is subnormal
`FP_ZERO` | indicates that the value is positive or negative zero
`FP_INFINITE` | indicates that the value is not representable by the underlying type (positive or negative infinity)
`FP_NAN` | indicates that the value is not-a-number (NaN)

### Example

Run this code

    #include <iostream>
    #include <cmath>
    #include <cfloat>

    const char* show_classification(double x) {
        switch(std::fpclassify(x)) {
            case FP_INFINITE:  return "Inf";
            case FP_NAN:       return "NaN";
            case FP_NORMAL:    return "normal";
            case FP_SUBNORMAL: return "subnormal";
            case FP_ZERO:      return "zero";
            default:           return "unknown";
        }
    }
    int main()
    {
        std::cout << "1.0/0.0 is " << show_classification(1/0.0) << '\n'
                  << "0.0/0.0 is " << show_classification(0.0/0.0) << '\n'
                  << "DBL_MIN/2 is " << show_classification(DBL_MIN/2) << '\n'
                  << "-0.0 is " << show_classification(-0.0) << '\n'
                  << "1.0 is " << show_classification(1.0) << '\n';
    }

Output:

    1.0/0.0 is Inf
    0.0/0.0 is NaN
    DBL_MIN/2 is subnormal
    -0.0 is zero
    1.0 is normal

### See also

fpclassify (C++11) | categorizes the given floating point value (function)
C documentation for FP_categories

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