# All Classes and Interfaces

Class
Description
Abs
Absolute value function.
AbstractConvergenceChecker<PAIR>
Base class for all convergence checker implementations.
AbstractConvergenceChecker<PAIR>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
AbstractCurveFitter
Base class that contains common code for fitting parametric univariate real functions `y = f(pi;x)`, where `x` is the independent variable and the `pi` are the parameters.
AbstractCurveFitter.TheoreticalValuesFunction
Vector function for computing function theoretical values.
AbstractDifferentiableOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
AbstractDifferentiableUnivariateSolver
Deprecated.
as of 3.1, replaced by `AbstractUnivariateDifferentiableSolver`
AbstractEvaluation
An implementation of `LeastSquaresProblem.Evaluation` that is designed for extension.
AbstractFieldIntegrator<T>
Base class managing common boilerplate for all integrators.
AbstractFieldMatrix<T>
Basic implementation of `FieldMatrix` methods regardless of the underlying storage.
AbstractFieldStepInterpolator<T>
This abstract class represents an interpolator over the last step during an ODE integration.
AbstractFormat
Common part shared by both `FractionFormat` and `BigFractionFormat`.
AbstractIntegerDistribution
Base class for integer-valued discrete distributions.
AbstractIntegrator
Base class managing common boilerplate for all integrators.
AbstractLeastSquaresOptimizer
Deprecated.
All classes and interfaces in this package are deprecated.
AbstractLeastSquaresOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
AbstractLinearOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
AbstractListChromosome<T>
Chromosome represented by an immutable list of a fixed length.
AbstractMultipleLinearRegression
Abstract base class for implementations of MultipleLinearRegression.
AbstractMultivariateRealDistribution
Base class for multivariate probability distributions.
AbstractOptimizationProblem<PAIR>
Base class for implementing optimization problems.
AbstractParameterizable
This abstract class provides boilerplate parameters list.
AbstractPolynomialSolver
Base class for solvers.
AbstractRandomGenerator
Abstract class implementing the `RandomGenerator` interface.
AbstractRealDistribution
Base class for probability distributions on the reals.
AbstractRealMatrix
Basic implementation of RealMatrix methods regardless of the underlying storage.
AbstractRegion<S,T>
Abstract class for all regions, independently of geometry type or dimension.
AbstractScalarDifferentiableOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
AbstractSimplex
This class implements the simplex concept.
AbstractSimplex
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
AbstractStepInterpolator
This abstract class represents an interpolator over the last step during an ODE integration.
AbstractStorelessUnivariateStatistic
Abstract implementation of the `StorelessUnivariateStatistic` interface.
AbstractSubHyperplane<S,T>
This class implements the dimension-independent parts of `SubHyperplane`.
AbstractUnivariateDifferentiableSolver
Provide a default implementation for several functions useful to generic solvers.
AbstractUnivariateSolver
Base class for solvers.
AbstractUnivariateStatistic
Abstract base class for all implementations of the `UnivariateStatistic` interface.
AbstractWell
This abstract class implements the WELL class of pseudo-random number generator from François Panneton, Pierre L'Ecuyer and Makoto Matsumoto.
Acos
Arc-cosine function.
Acosh
Hyperbolic arc-cosine function.
Action
Enumerate for actions to be performed when an event occurs during ODE integration.
AdamsBashforthFieldIntegrator<T>
This class implements explicit Adams-Bashforth integrators for Ordinary Differential Equations.
AdamsBashforthIntegrator
This class implements explicit Adams-Bashforth integrators for Ordinary Differential Equations.
AdamsFieldIntegrator<T>
Base class for `Adams-Bashforth` and `Adams-Moulton` integrators.
AdamsIntegrator
Base class for `Adams-Bashforth` and `Adams-Moulton` integrators.
AdamsMoultonFieldIntegrator<T>
This class implements implicit Adams-Moulton integrators for Ordinary Differential Equations.
AdamsMoultonIntegrator
This class implements implicit Adams-Moulton integrators for Ordinary Differential Equations.
AdamsNordsieckFieldTransformer<T>
Transformer to Nordsieck vectors for Adams integrators.
AdamsNordsieckTransformer
Transformer to Nordsieck vectors for Adams integrators.
AdaptiveStepsizeFieldIntegrator<T>
This abstract class holds the common part of all adaptive stepsize integrators for Ordinary Differential Equations.
AdaptiveStepsizeIntegrator
This abstract class holds the common part of all adaptive stepsize integrators for Ordinary Differential Equations.
Add
Add the two operands.
AggregateSummaryStatistics
An aggregator for `SummaryStatistics` from several data sets or data set partitions.
AgrestiCoullInterval
Implements the Agresti-Coull method for creating a binomial proportion confidence interval.
AkimaSplineInterpolator
Computes a cubic spline interpolation for the data set using the Akima algorithm, as originally formulated by Hiroshi Akima in his 1970 paper "A New Method of Interpolation and Smooth Curve Fitting Based on Local Procedures." J.
AklToussaintHeuristic
A simple heuristic to improve the performance of convex hull algorithms.
AllowedSolution
The kinds of solutions that a `(bracketed univariate real) root-finding algorithm` may accept as solutions.
AlternativeHypothesis
Represents an alternative hypothesis for a hypothesis test.
AnyMatrix
Interface defining very basic matrix operations.
Arc
This class represents an arc on a circle.
ArcsSet
This class represents a region of a circle: a set of arcs.
ArcsSet.InconsistentStateAt2PiWrapping
Specialized exception for inconsistent BSP tree state inconsistency.
ArcsSet.Split
Class holding the results of the `split` method.
ArgUtils
Utility class for transforming the list of arguments passed to constructors of exceptions.
ArithmeticUtils
Some useful, arithmetics related, additions to the built-in functions in `Math`.
Array2DRowFieldMatrix<T>
Implementation of FieldMatrix<T> using a `FieldElement`[][] array to store entries.
Array2DRowRealMatrix
Implementation of `RealMatrix` using a `double[][]` array to store entries.
ArrayFieldVector<T>
This class implements the `FieldVector` interface with a `FieldElement` array.
ArrayRealVector
This class implements the `RealVector` interface with a double array.
Asin
Arc-sine function.
Asinh
Hyperbolic arc-sine function.
Atan
Arc-tangent function.
Atan2
Arc-tangent function.
Atanh
Hyperbolic arc-tangent function.
AVLTree<T>
Deprecated.
as of 3.4, this class is not used anymore and considered to be out of scope of Apache Commons Math
BaseAbstractMultivariateOptimizer<FUNC>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
BaseAbstractMultivariateSimpleBoundsOptimizer<FUNC>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
BaseAbstractMultivariateVectorOptimizer<FUNC>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
BaseAbstractUnivariateIntegrator
Provide a default implementation for several generic functions.
BaseAbstractUnivariateOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
BaseAbstractUnivariateSolver<FUNC>
Provide a default implementation for several functions useful to generic solvers.
BaseMultiStartMultivariateOptimizer<PAIR>
Base class multi-start optimizer for a multivariate function.
BaseMultivariateMultiStartOptimizer<FUNC>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
BaseMultivariateOptimizer<PAIR>
Base class for implementing optimizers for multivariate functions.
BaseMultivariateOptimizer<FUNC>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
BaseMultivariateSimpleBoundsOptimizer<FUNC>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
BaseMultivariateVectorMultiStartOptimizer<FUNC>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
BaseMultivariateVectorOptimizer<FUNC>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
BaseOptimizer<PAIR>
Base class for implementing optimizers.
BaseOptimizer<PAIR>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
BaseRuleFactory<T>
Base class for rules that determines the integration nodes and their weights.
BaseSecantSolver
Base class for all bracketing Secant-based methods for root-finding (approximating a zero of a univariate real function).
BaseSecantSolver.Method
Secant-based root-finding methods.
BaseUnivariateOptimizer<FUNC>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
BaseUnivariateSolver<FUNC>
Interface for (univariate real) rootfinding algorithms.
BesselJ
This class provides computation methods related to Bessel functions of the first kind.
BesselJ.BesselJResult
Encapsulates the results returned by `BesselJ.rjBesl(double, double, int)`.
Beta
This is a utility class that provides computation methods related to the Beta family of functions.
BetaDistribution
Implements the Beta distribution.
BicubicInterpolatingFunction
Function that implements the bicubic spline interpolation.
BicubicInterpolator
Generates a `bicubic interpolating function`.
BicubicSplineInterpolatingFunction
Deprecated.
as of 3.4 replaced by `PiecewiseBicubicSplineInterpolatingFunction`
BicubicSplineInterpolator
Deprecated.
as of 3.4 replaced by `PiecewiseBicubicSplineInterpolator`
BigFraction
Representation of a rational number without any overflow.
BigFractionField
Representation of the fractional numbers without any overflow field.
BigFractionFormat
Formats a BigFraction number in proper format or improper format.
BigReal
Arbitrary precision decimal number.
BigRealField
Representation of real numbers with arbitrary precision field.
BinaryChromosome
Chromosome represented by a vector of 0s and 1s.
BinaryMutation
Mutation for `BinaryChromosome`s.
BinomialConfidenceInterval
Interface to generate confidence intervals for a binomial proportion.
BinomialDistribution
Implementation of the binomial distribution.
BinomialTest
Implements binomial test statistics.
BisectionSolver
Implements the bisection algorithm for finding zeros of univariate real functions.
BitsStreamGenerator
Base class for random number generators that generates bits streams.
BivariateFunction
An interface representing a bivariate real function.
BivariateGridInterpolator
Interface representing a bivariate real interpolating function where the sample points must be specified on a regular grid.
BlockFieldMatrix<T>
Cache-friendly implementation of FieldMatrix using a flat arrays to store square blocks of the matrix.
BlockRealMatrix
Cache-friendly implementation of RealMatrix using a flat arrays to store square blocks of the matrix.
BOBYQAOptimizer
Powell's BOBYQA algorithm.
BOBYQAOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
BoundaryAttribute<S>
Class holding boundary attributes.
BoundaryProjection<S>
Class holding the result of point projection on region boundary.
BracketedRealFieldUnivariateSolver<T>
Interface for `(univariate real) root-finding algorithms` that maintain a bracketed solution.
BracketedUnivariateSolver<FUNC>
Interface for `(univariate real) root-finding algorithms` that maintain a bracketed solution.
BracketFinder
Provide an interval that brackets a local optimum of a function.
BracketFinder
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
BracketingNthOrderBrentSolver
This class implements a modification of the Brent algorithm.
BracketingNthOrderBrentSolverDFP
Deprecated.
as of 3.6 replaced with `FieldBracketingNthOrderBrentSolver`
BrentOptimizer
For a function defined on some interval `(lo, hi)`, this class finds an approximation `x` to the point at which the function attains its minimum.
BrentOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
BrentSolver
This class implements the Brent algorithm for finding zeros of real univariate functions.
BSPTree<S>
This class represent a Binary Space Partition tree.
BSPTree.LeafMerger<S>
This interface gather the merging operations between a BSP tree leaf and another BSP tree.
BSPTree.VanishingCutHandler<S>
This interface handles the corner cases when an internal node cut sub-hyperplane vanishes.
BSPTreeVisitor<S>
This interface is used to visit `BSP tree` nodes.
BSPTreeVisitor.Order
Enumerate for visit order with respect to plus sub-tree, minus sub-tree and cut sub-hyperplane.
CanberraDistance
Calculates the Canberra distance between two points.
CardanEulerSingularityException
This class represents exceptions thrown while extractiong Cardan or Euler angles from a rotation.
CauchyDistribution
Implementation of the Cauchy distribution.
Cbrt
Cube root function.
Ceil
`ceil` function.
CentralPivotingStrategy
A mid point strategy based on the average of begin and end indices.
CentroidCluster<T>
A Cluster used by centroid-based clustering algorithms.
ChebyshevDistance
Calculates the L∞ (max of abs) distance between two points.
ChiSquaredDistribution
Implementation of the chi-squared distribution.
ChiSquareTest
Implements Chi-Square test statistics.
CholeskyDecomposition
Calculates the Cholesky decomposition of a matrix.
Chromosome
Individual in a population.
ChromosomePair
A pair of `Chromosome` objects.
Circle
This class represents an oriented great circle on the 2-sphere.
ClassicalRungeKuttaFieldIntegrator<T>
This class implements the classical fourth order Runge-Kutta integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations (it is the most often used Runge-Kutta method).
ClassicalRungeKuttaIntegrator
This class implements the classical fourth order Runge-Kutta integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations (it is the most often used Runge-Kutta method).
ClopperPearsonInterval
Implements the Clopper-Pearson method for creating a binomial proportion confidence interval.
Cluster<T>
Cluster holding a set of `Clusterable` points.
Cluster<T>
Deprecated.
As of 3.2 (to be removed in 4.0), use `Cluster` instead
Clusterable
Interface for n-dimensional points that can be clustered together.
Clusterable<T>
Deprecated.
As of 3.2 (to be removed in 4.0), use `Clusterable` instead
Clusterer<T>
Base class for clustering algorithms.
ClusterEvaluator<T>
Base class for cluster evaluation methods.
CMAESOptimizer
An implementation of the active Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolution Strategy (CMA-ES) for non-linear, non-convex, non-smooth, global function minimization.
CMAESOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
CMAESOptimizer.PopulationSize
Population size.
CMAESOptimizer.PopulationSize
Population size.
CMAESOptimizer.Sigma
Input sigma values.
CMAESOptimizer.Sigma
Input sigma values.
Combinations
Utility to create combinations `(n, k)` of `k` elements in a set of `n` elements.
CombinatoricsUtils
Combinatorial utilities.
Complex
Representation of a Complex number, i.e.
ComplexField
Representation of the complex numbers field.
ComplexFormat
Formats a Complex number in cartesian format "Re(c) + Im(c)i".
ComplexUtils
Static implementations of common `Complex` utilities functions.
CompositeFormat
Base class for formatters of composite objects (complex numbers, vectors ...).
ConfidenceInterval
Represents an interval estimate of a population parameter.
ConjugateGradient
This is an implementation of the conjugate gradient method for `RealLinearOperator`.
ConjugateGradientFormula
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
Constant
Constant function.
ConstantRealDistribution
Implementation of the constant real distribution.
ContinuedFraction
Provides a generic means to evaluate continued fractions.
ContinuousOutputFieldModel<T>
This class stores all information provided by an ODE integrator during the integration process and build a continuous model of the solution from this.
ContinuousOutputModel
This class stores all information provided by an ODE integrator during the integration process and build a continuous model of the solution from this.
ConvergenceChecker<PAIR>
This interface specifies how to check if an optimization algorithm has converged.
ConvergenceChecker<PAIR>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
ConvergenceException
Error thrown when a numerical computation can not be performed because the numerical result failed to converge to a finite value.
ConvexHull<S,P>
This class represents a convex hull.
ConvexHull2D
This class represents a convex hull in an two-dimensional euclidean space.
ConvexHullGenerator<S,P>
Interface for convex hull generators.
ConvexHullGenerator2D
Interface for convex hull generators in the two-dimensional euclidean space.
CorrelatedRandomVectorGenerator
A `RandomVectorGenerator` that generates vectors with with correlated components.
Cos
Cosine function.
Cosh
Hyperbolic cosine function.
Covariance
Computes covariances for pairs of arrays or columns of a matrix.
CrossoverPolicy
Policy used to create a pair of new chromosomes by performing a crossover operation on a source pair of chromosomes.
CurveFitter<T>
Deprecated.
As of 3.3.
CurveFitter<T>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
CycleCrossover<T>
Cycle Crossover [CX] builds offspring from ordered chromosomes by identifying cycles between two parent chromosomes.
DBSCANClusterer<T>
DBSCAN (density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise) algorithm.
DBSCANClusterer<T>
Deprecated.
As of 3.2 (to be removed in 4.0), use `DBSCANClusterer` instead
DctNormalization
This enumeration defines the various types of normalizations that can be applied to discrete cosine transforms (DCT).
Decimal64
This class wraps a `double` value in an object.
Decimal64Field
The field of double precision floating-point numbers.
DecompositionSolver
Interface handling decomposition algorithms that can solve A × X = B.
DefaultFieldMatrixChangingVisitor<T>
Default implementation of the `FieldMatrixChangingVisitor` interface.
DefaultFieldMatrixPreservingVisitor<T>
Default implementation of the `FieldMatrixPreservingVisitor` interface.
DefaultIterativeLinearSolverEvent
A default concrete implementation of the abstract class `IterativeLinearSolverEvent`.
DefaultMeasurementModel
Default implementation of a `MeasurementModel` for the use with a `KalmanFilter`.
DefaultProcessModel
Default implementation of a `ProcessModel` for the use with a `KalmanFilter`.
DefaultRealMatrixChangingVisitor
Default implementation of the `RealMatrixChangingVisitor` interface.
DefaultRealMatrixPreservingVisitor
Default implementation of the `RealMatrixPreservingVisitor` interface.
DefaultTransformer
A Default NumberTransformer for java.lang.Numbers and Numeric Strings.
DerivativeStructure
Class representing both the value and the differentials of a function.
DescriptiveStatistics
Maintains a dataset of values of a single variable and computes descriptive statistics based on stored data.
Dfp
Decimal floating point library for Java
DfpDec
Subclass of `Dfp` which hides the radix-10000 artifacts of the superclass.
DfpField
Field for Decimal floating point instances.
DfpField.RoundingMode
Enumerate for rounding modes.
DfpMath
Mathematical routines for use with `Dfp`.
DftNormalization
This enumeration defines the various types of normalizations that can be applied to discrete Fourier transforms (DFT).
DiagonalMatrix
Implementation of a diagonal matrix.
DifferentiableMultivariateFunction
Deprecated.
as of 3.1 replaced by `MultivariateDifferentiableFunction`
DifferentiableMultivariateMultiStartOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
DifferentiableMultivariateOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
DifferentiableMultivariateVectorFunction
Deprecated.
as of 3.1 replaced by `MultivariateDifferentiableVectorFunction`
DifferentiableMultivariateVectorMultiStartOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
DifferentiableMultivariateVectorOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
DifferentiableUnivariateFunction
Deprecated.
as of 3.1 replaced by `UnivariateDifferentiableFunction`
DifferentiableUnivariateMatrixFunction
Deprecated.
as of 3.1 replaced by `UnivariateDifferentiableMatrixFunction`
DifferentiableUnivariateSolver
Deprecated.
as of 3.1, replaced by `UnivariateDifferentiableSolver`
DifferentiableUnivariateVectorFunction
Deprecated.
as of 3.1 replaced by `UnivariateDifferentiableVectorFunction`
DimensionMismatchException
Exception to be thrown when two dimensions differ.
DiskGenerator
Class generating an enclosing ball from its support points.
DistanceMeasure
Interface for distance measures of n-dimensional vectors.
Divide
Divide the first operand by the second.
DividedDifferenceInterpolator
Implements the Divided Difference Algorithm for interpolation of real univariate functions.
DormandPrince54FieldIntegrator<T>
This class implements the 5(4) Dormand-Prince integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
DormandPrince54Integrator
This class implements the 5(4) Dormand-Prince integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
DormandPrince853FieldIntegrator<T>
This class implements the 8(5,3) Dormand-Prince integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
DormandPrince853Integrator
This class implements the 8(5,3) Dormand-Prince integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
DoubleArray
Provides a standard interface for double arrays.
DoublePoint
A simple implementation of `Clusterable` for points with double coordinates.
DSCompiler
Class holding "compiled" computation rules for derivative structures.
DstNormalization
This enumeration defines the various types of normalizations that can be applied to discrete sine transforms (DST).
DummyLocalizable
Dummy implementation of the `Localizable` interface, without localization.
DummyStepHandler
This class is a step handler that does nothing.
EarthMoversDistance
Calculates the Earh Mover's distance (also known as Wasserstein metric) between two distributions.
Edge
Spherical polygons boundary edge.
EigenDecomposition
Calculates the eigen decomposition of a real matrix.
ElitisticListPopulation
Population of chromosomes which uses elitism (certain percentage of the best chromosomes is directly copied to the next generation).
EmbeddedRungeKuttaFieldIntegrator<T>
This class implements the common part of all embedded Runge-Kutta integrators for Ordinary Differential Equations.
EmbeddedRungeKuttaIntegrator
This class implements the common part of all embedded Runge-Kutta integrators for Ordinary Differential Equations.
Embedding<S,T>
This interface defines mappers between a space and one of its sub-spaces.
EmpiricalDistribution
Represents an empirical probability distribution -- a probability distribution derived from observed data without making any assumptions about the functional form of the population distribution that the data come from.
Encloser<S,P>
Interface for algorithms computing enclosing balls.
EnclosingBall<S,P>
This class represents a ball enclosing some points.
EnumeratedDistribution<T>
A generic implementation of a discrete probability distribution (Wikipedia) over a finite sample space, based on an enumerated list of <value, probability> pairs.
EnumeratedIntegerDistribution
Implementation of an integer-valued `EnumeratedDistribution`.
EnumeratedRealDistribution
Implementation of a real-valued `EnumeratedDistribution`.
EquationsMapper
Class mapping the part of a complete state or derivative that pertains to a specific differential equation.
Erf
This is a utility class that provides computation methods related to the error functions.
Euclidean1D
This class implements a one-dimensional space.
Euclidean1D.NoSubSpaceException
Specialized exception for inexistent sub-space.
Euclidean2D
This class implements a two-dimensional space.
Euclidean3D
This class implements a three-dimensional space.
EuclideanDistance
Calculates the L2 (Euclidean) distance between two points.
EuclideanDoublePoint
Deprecated.
As of 3.2 (to be removed in 4.0), use `DoublePoint` instead
EuclideanIntegerPoint
Deprecated.
As of 3.2 (to be removed in 4.0), use `DoublePoint` instead
EulerFieldIntegrator<T>
This class implements a simple Euler integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
EulerIntegrator
This class implements a simple Euler integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
EvaluationRmsChecker
Check if an optimization has converged based on the change in computed RMS.
EventFilter
Wrapper used to detect only increasing or decreasing events.
EventHandler
This interface represents a handler for discrete events triggered during ODE integration.
EventHandler.Action
Enumerate for actions to be performed when an event occurs.
EventState
This class handles the state for one `event handler` during integration steps.
ExceptionContext
Class that contains the actual implementation of the functionality mandated by the `ExceptionContext` interface.
ExceptionContextProvider
Interface for accessing the context data structure stored in Commons Math exceptions.
Exp
Exponential function.
ExpandableStatefulODE
This class represents a combined set of first order differential equations, with at least a primary set of equations expandable by some sets of secondary equations.
Expm1
`ex-1` function.
ExponentialDecayFunction
Exponential decay function: `a e-x / b`, where `x` is the (integer) independent variable.
ExponentialDistribution
Implementation of the exponential distribution.
FastCosineTransformer
Implements the Fast Cosine Transform for transformation of one-dimensional real data sets.
FastFourierTransformer
Implements the Fast Fourier Transform for transformation of one-dimensional real or complex data sets.
FastHadamardTransformer
Implements the Fast Hadamard Transform (FHT).
FastMath
Faster, more accurate, portable alternative to `Math` and `StrictMath` for large scale computation.
FastSineTransformer
Implements the Fast Sine Transform for transformation of one-dimensional real data sets.
FDistribution
Implementation of the F-distribution.
FeatureInitializer
Defines how to assign the first value of a neuron's feature.
FeatureInitializerFactory
Creates functions that will select the initial values of a neuron's features.
Field<T>
Interface representing a field.
FieldBracketingNthOrderBrentSolver<T>
This class implements a modification of the Brent algorithm.
FieldButcherArrayProvider<T>
This interface represents an integrator based on Butcher arrays.
FieldDecompositionSolver<T>
Interface handling decomposition algorithms that can solve A × X = B.
FieldElement<T>
Interface representing field elements.
FieldEquationsMapper<T>
Class mapping the part of a complete state or derivative that pertains to a set of differential equations.
FieldEventHandler<T>
This interface represents a handler for discrete events triggered during ODE integration.
FieldEventState<T>
This class handles the state for one `event handler` during integration steps.
FieldExpandableODE<T>
This class represents a combined set of first order differential equations, with at least a primary set of equations expandable by some sets of secondary equations.
FieldFixedStepHandler<T>
This interface represents a handler that should be called after each successful fixed step.
FieldHermiteInterpolator<T>
Polynomial interpolator using both sample values and sample derivatives.
FieldLUDecomposition<T>
Calculates the LUP-decomposition of a square matrix.
FieldMatrix<T>
Interface defining field-valued matrix with basic algebraic operations.
FieldMatrixChangingVisitor<T>
Interface defining a visitor for matrix entries.
FieldMatrixPreservingVisitor<T>
Interface defining a visitor for matrix entries.
FieldODEState<T>
Container for time, main and secondary state vectors.
FieldODEStateAndDerivative<T>
Container for time, main and secondary state vectors as well as their derivatives.
FieldRotation<T>
This class is a re-implementation of `Rotation` using `RealFieldElement`.
FieldSecondaryEquations<T>
This interface allows users to add secondary differential equations to a primary set of differential equations.
FieldStepHandler<T>
This interface represents a handler that should be called after each successful step.
FieldStepInterpolator<T>
This interface represents an interpolator over the last step during an ODE integration.
FieldStepNormalizer<T>
This class wraps an object implementing `FieldFixedStepHandler` into a `FieldStepHandler`.
FieldVector<T>
Interface defining a field-valued vector with basic algebraic operations.
FieldVector3D<T>
This class is a re-implementation of `Vector3D` using `RealFieldElement`.
FieldVectorChangingVisitor<T>
This interface defines a visitor for the entries of a vector.
FieldVectorPreservingVisitor<T>
This interface defines a visitor for the entries of a vector.
FilterType
Enumerate for `filtering events`.
FiniteDifferencesDifferentiator
Univariate functions differentiator using finite differences.
FirstOrderConverter
This class converts second order differential equations to first order ones.
FirstOrderDifferentialEquations
This interface represents a first order differential equations set.
FirstOrderFieldDifferentialEquations<T>
This interface represents a first order differential equations set.
FirstOrderFieldIntegrator<T>
This interface represents a first order integrator for differential equations.
FirstOrderIntegrator
This interface represents a first order integrator for differential equations.
Fitness
Fitness of a chromosome.
FixedElapsedTime
Stops after a fixed amount of time has elapsed.
FixedGenerationCount
Stops after a fixed number of generations.
FixedStepHandler
This interface represents a handler that should be called after each successful fixed step.
Floor
`floor` function.
Fraction
Representation of a rational number.
FractionConversionException
Error thrown when a double value cannot be converted to a fraction in the allowed number of iterations.
FractionField
Representation of the fractional numbers field.
FractionFormat
Formats a Fraction number in proper format or improper format.
Frequency
Maintains a frequency distribution.
FunctionUtils
Utilities for manipulating function objects.
FuzzyKMeansClusterer<T>
Fuzzy K-Means clustering algorithm.
Gamma
This is a utility class that provides computation methods related to the Γ (Gamma) family of functions.
GammaDistribution
Implementation of the Gamma distribution.
Gaussian
Gaussian function.
Gaussian.Parametric
Parametric function where the input array contains the parameters of the Gaussian, ordered as follows: Norm Mean Standard deviation
GaussianCurveFitter
Fits points to a `Gaussian` function.
GaussianCurveFitter.ParameterGuesser
Guesses the parameters `norm`, `mean`, and `sigma` of a `Gaussian.Parametric` based on the specified observed points.
GaussianFitter
Deprecated.
As of 3.3.
GaussianFitter
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
GaussianFitter.ParameterGuesser
Guesses the parameters `norm`, `mean`, and `sigma` of a `Gaussian.Parametric` based on the specified observed points.
GaussianFitter.ParameterGuesser
Guesses the parameters `norm`, `mean`, and `sigma` of a `Gaussian.Parametric` based on the specified observed points.
GaussianRandomGenerator
This class is a gaussian normalized random generator for scalars.
GaussIntegrator
Class that implements the Gaussian rule for `integrating` a weighted function.
GaussIntegratorFactory
Class that provides different ways to compute the nodes and weights to be used by the `Gaussian integration rule`.
GaussNewtonOptimizer
Gauss-Newton least-squares solver.
GaussNewtonOptimizer
Deprecated.
All classes and interfaces in this package are deprecated.
GaussNewtonOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
GaussNewtonOptimizer.Decomposition
The decomposition algorithm to use to solve the normal equations.
GeneticAlgorithm
Implementation of a genetic algorithm.
GeometricDistribution
Implementation of the geometric distribution.
GeometricMean
Returns the geometric mean of the available values.
GillFieldIntegrator<T>
This class implements the Gill fourth order Runge-Kutta integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations .
GillIntegrator
This class implements the Gill fourth order Runge-Kutta integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations .
GLSMultipleLinearRegression
The GLS implementation of multiple linear regression.
GoalType
Goal type for an optimization problem (minimization or maximization of a scalar function.
GoalType
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
GradientFunction
Class representing the gradient of a multivariate function.
GradientMultivariateOptimizer
Base class for implementing optimizers for multivariate scalar differentiable functions.
GraggBulirschStoerIntegrator
This class implements a Gragg-Bulirsch-Stoer integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
GTest
Implements G Test statistics.
GumbelDistribution
This class implements the Gumbel distribution.
HaltonSequenceGenerator
Implementation of a Halton sequence.
HarmonicCurveFitter
Fits points to a `harmonic oscillator` function.
HarmonicCurveFitter.ParameterGuesser
This class guesses harmonic coefficients from a sample.
HarmonicFitter
Deprecated.
As of 3.3.
HarmonicFitter
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
HarmonicFitter.ParameterGuesser
This class guesses harmonic coefficients from a sample.
HarmonicFitter.ParameterGuesser
This class guesses harmonic coefficients from a sample.
HarmonicOscillator
simple harmonic oscillator function.
HarmonicOscillator.Parametric
Parametric function where the input array contains the parameters of the harmonic oscillator function, ordered as follows: Amplitude Angular frequency Phase
HermiteInterpolator
Polynomial interpolator using both sample values and sample derivatives.
HermiteRuleFactory
Factory that creates a Gauss-type quadrature rule using Hermite polynomials of the first kind.
HighamHall54FieldIntegrator<T>
This class implements the 5(4) Higham and Hall integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
HighamHall54Integrator
This class implements the 5(4) Higham and Hall integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
HitHistogram
Computes the hit histogram.
HypergeometricDistribution
Implementation of the hypergeometric distribution.
Hyperplane<S>
This interface represents an hyperplane of a space.
Identity
Identity function.
IllConditionedOperatorException
An exception to be thrown when the condition number of a `RealLinearOperator` is too high.
IllinoisSolver
Implements the Illinois method for root-finding (approximating a zero of a univariate real function).
Incrementor
Deprecated.
Use `IntegerSequence.Incrementor` instead.
Incrementor.MaxCountExceededCallback
Defines a method to be called at counter exhaustion.
InitialGuess
Starting point (first guess) of the optimization procedure.
InitialGuess
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
InsufficientDataException
Exception to be thrown when there is insufficient data to perform a computation.
IntegerDistribution
Interface for distributions on the integers.
IntegerSequence
Provides a sequence of integers.
IntegerSequence.Incrementor
Utility that increments a counter until a maximum is reached, at which point, the instance will by default throw a `MaxCountExceededException`.
IntegerSequence.Incrementor.MaxCountExceededCallback
Defines a method to be called at counter exhaustion.
IntegerSequence.Range
Generates a sequence of integers.
InterpolatingMicrosphere
Utility class for the `MicrosphereProjectionInterpolator` algorithm.
InterpolatingMicrosphere2D
Utility class for the `MicrosphereProjectionInterpolator` algorithm.
Interval
This class represents a 1D interval.
IntervalsSet
This class represents a 1D region: a set of intervals.
IntervalUtils
Factory methods to generate confidence intervals for a binomial proportion.
InvalidRepresentationException
Exception indicating that the representation of a chromosome is not valid.
Inverse
Inverse function.
ISAACRandom
ISAAC: a fast cryptographic pseudo-random number generator
ISAAC (Indirection, Shift, Accumulate, Add, and Count) generates 32-bit random numbers.
IterationEvent
The root class from which all events occurring while running an `IterationManager` should be derived.
IterationListener
The listener interface for receiving events occurring in an iterative algorithm.
IterationManager
This abstract class provides a general framework for managing iterative algorithms.
IterativeLegendreGaussIntegrator
This algorithm divides the integration interval into equally-sized sub-interval and on each of them performs a Legendre-Gauss quadrature.
IterativeLinearSolver
This abstract class defines an iterative solver for the linear system A · x = b.
IterativeLinearSolverEvent
This is the base class for all events occurring during the iterations of a `IterativeLinearSolver`.
JacobianFunction
Class representing the Jacobian of a multivariate vector function.
JacobianMatrices
This class defines a set of `secondary equations` to compute the Jacobian matrices with respect to the initial state vector and, if any, to some parameters of the primary ODE set.
JacobianMatrices.MismatchedEquations
Special exception for equations mismatch.
JacobianMultivariateVectorOptimizer
Deprecated.
All classes and interfaces in this package are deprecated.
JacobiPreconditioner
This class implements the standard Jacobi (diagonal) preconditioner.
JDKRandomGenerator
Extension of `java.util.Random` to implement `RandomGenerator`.
KalmanFilter
Implementation of a Kalman filter to estimate the state xk of a discrete-time controlled process that is governed by the linear stochastic difference equation:
KendallsCorrelation
Implementation of Kendall's Tau-b rank correlation.
KMeansPlusPlusClusterer<T>
Clustering algorithm based on David Arthur and Sergei Vassilvitski k-means++ algorithm.
KMeansPlusPlusClusterer<T>
Deprecated.
As of 3.2 (to be removed in 4.0), use `KMeansPlusPlusClusterer` instead
KMeansPlusPlusClusterer.EmptyClusterStrategy
Strategies to use for replacing an empty cluster.
KMeansPlusPlusClusterer.EmptyClusterStrategy
Strategies to use for replacing an empty cluster.
KohonenTrainingTask
Trainer for Kohonen's Self-Organizing Map.
KohonenUpdateAction
Update formula for Kohonen's Self-Organizing Map.
KolmogorovSmirnovDistribution
Deprecated.
to be removed in version 4.0 - use `KolmogorovSmirnovTest`
KolmogorovSmirnovTest
Implementation of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test for equality of continuous distributions.
KthSelector
A Simple Kth selector implementation to pick up the Kth ordered element from a work array containing the input numbers.
Kurtosis
Computes the Kurtosis of the available values.
LaguerreSolver
Implements the Laguerre's Method for root finding of real coefficient polynomials.
LaplaceDistribution
This class implements the Laplace distribution.
LearningFactorFunction
Provides the learning rate as a function of the number of calls already performed during the learning task.
LearningFactorFunctionFactory
Factory for creating instances of `LearningFactorFunction`.
LeastSquaresAdapter
An adapter that delegates to another implementation of `LeastSquaresProblem`.
LeastSquaresBuilder
A mutable builder for `LeastSquaresProblem`s.
LeastSquaresConverter
This class converts `vectorial objective functions` to `scalar objective functions` when the goal is to minimize them.
LeastSquaresConverter
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
LeastSquaresFactory
A Factory for creating `LeastSquaresProblem`s.
LeastSquaresOptimizer
An algorithm that can be applied to a non-linear least squares problem.
LeastSquaresOptimizer.Optimum
The optimum found by the optimizer.
LeastSquaresProblem
The data necessary to define a non-linear least squares problem.
LeastSquaresProblem.Evaluation
An evaluation of a `LeastSquaresProblem` at a particular point.
LegendreGaussIntegrator
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
LegendreHighPrecisionRuleFactory
Factory that creates Gauss-type quadrature rule using Legendre polynomials.
LegendreRuleFactory
Factory that creates Gauss-type quadrature rule using Legendre polynomials.
LevenbergMarquardtOptimizer
This class solves a least-squares problem using the Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm.
LevenbergMarquardtOptimizer
Deprecated.
All classes and interfaces in this package are deprecated.
LevenbergMarquardtOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
LevyDistribution
This class implements the Lévy distribution.
LimitAngle
This class represents a 1D oriented hyperplane on the circle.
Line
The class represent lines in a three dimensional space.
Line
This class represents an oriented line in the 2D plane.
LinearConstraint
A linear constraint for a linear optimization problem.
LinearConstraint
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
LinearConstraintSet
Class that represents a set of `linear constraints`.
LinearInterpolator
Implements a linear function for interpolation of real univariate functions.
LinearObjectiveFunction
An objective function for a linear optimization problem.
LinearObjectiveFunction
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
LinearOptimizer
Base class for implementing linear optimizers.
LinearOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
LineSearch
Class for finding the minimum of the objective function along a given direction.
ListPopulation
Population of chromosomes represented by a `List`.
Localizable
Interface for localizable strings.
LocalizedFormats
Enumeration for localized messages formats used in exceptions messages.
LocationFinder
Helper class to find the grid coordinates of a neuron.
LocationFinder.Location
Container holding a (row, column) pair.
LoessInterpolator
Implements the Local Regression Algorithm (also Loess, Lowess) for interpolation of real univariate functions.
Log
Natural logarithm function.
Log10
Base 10 logarithm function.
Log1p
`log(1 + p)` function.
Logistic
Generalised logistic function.
Logistic.Parametric
Parametric function where the input array contains the parameters of the `logistic function`, ordered as follows: k m b q a n
LogisticDistribution
This class implements the Logistic distribution.
Logit
Logit function.
Logit.Parametric
Parametric function where the input array contains the parameters of the logit function, ordered as follows: Lower bound Higher bound
LogNormalDistribution
Implementation of the log-normal (gaussian) distribution.
LUDecomposition
Calculates the LUP-decomposition of a square matrix.
LutherFieldIntegrator<T>
This class implements the Luther sixth order Runge-Kutta integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
LutherIntegrator
This class implements the Luther sixth order Runge-Kutta integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
MainStateJacobianProvider
Interface expanding `first order differential equations` in order to compute exactly the main state jacobian matrix for `partial derivatives equations`.
ManhattanDistance
Calculates the L1 (sum of abs) distance between two points.
MannWhitneyUTest
An implementation of the Mann-Whitney U test (also called Wilcoxon rank-sum test).
MapDataVisualization
Interface for algorithms that compute some metrics of the projection of data on a 2D-map.
MapUtils
Utilities for network maps.
MapVisualization
Interface for algorithms that compute some property of a 2D-map.
MathArithmeticException
Base class for arithmetic exceptions.
MathArrays
Arrays utilities.
MathArrays.Function
Real-valued function that operate on an array or a part of it.
MathArrays.OrderDirection
Specification of ordering direction.
MathArrays.Position
Specification for indicating that some operation applies before or after a given index.
MathIllegalArgumentException
Base class for all preconditions violation exceptions.
MathIllegalNumberException
Base class for exceptions raised by a wrong number.
MathIllegalStateException
Base class for all exceptions that signal that the process throwing the exception is in a state that does not comply with the set of states that it is designed to be in.
MathInternalError
Exception triggered when something that shouldn't happen does happen.
MathParseException
Class to signal parse failures.
MathRuntimeException
As of release 4.0, all exceptions thrown by the Commons Math code (except `NullArgumentException`) inherit from this class.
MathUnsupportedOperationException
Base class for all unsupported features.
MathUtils
Miscellaneous utility functions.
MatrixDimensionMismatchException
Exception to be thrown when either the number of rows or the number of columns of a matrix do not match the expected values.
MatrixUtils
A collection of static methods that operate on or return matrices.
Max
Maximum function.
Max
Returns the maximum of the available values.
MaxCountExceededException
Exception to be thrown when some counter maximum value is exceeded.
MaxEval
Maximum number of evaluations of the function to be optimized.
MaxIter
Maximum number of iterations performed by an (iterative) algorithm.
Mean
Computes the arithmetic mean of a set of values.
MeasurementModel
Defines the measurement model for the use with a `KalmanFilter`.
Median
Returns the median of the available values.
MedianOf3PivotingStrategy
Classic median of 3 strategy given begin and end indices.
MersenneTwister
This class implements a powerful pseudo-random number generator developed by Makoto Matsumoto and Takuji Nishimura during 1996-1997.
MicrosphereInterpolatingFunction
Deprecated.
Code will be removed in 4.0.
MicrosphereInterpolator
Deprecated.
Code will be removed in 4.0.
MicrosphereProjectionInterpolator
Interpolator that implements the algorithm described in William Dudziak's MS thesis.
MidpointFieldIntegrator<T>
This class implements a second order Runge-Kutta integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
MidpointIntegrator
This class implements a second order Runge-Kutta integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
MidPointIntegrator
Implements the Midpoint Rule for integration of real univariate functions.
MillerUpdatingRegression
This class is a concrete implementation of the `UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression` interface.
Min
Minimum function.
Min
Returns the minimum of the available values.
Minus
Minus function.
MixtureMultivariateNormalDistribution
Multivariate normal mixture distribution.
MixtureMultivariateRealDistribution<T>
Class for representing mixture model distributions.
ModelFunction
Deprecated.
All classes and interfaces in this package are deprecated.
ModelFunctionJacobian
Deprecated.
All classes and interfaces in this package are deprecated.
ModelSpecificationException
Exception thrown when a regression model is not correctly specified.
MonotoneChain
Implements Andrew's monotone chain method to generate the convex hull of a finite set of points in the two-dimensional euclidean space.
MullerSolver
This class implements the Muller's Method for root finding of real univariate functions.
MullerSolver2
This class implements the Muller's Method for root finding of real univariate functions.
MultidimensionalCounter
Converter between unidimensional storage structure and multidimensional conceptual structure.
MultiDimensionMismatchException
Exception to be thrown when two sets of dimensions differ.
MultiDirectionalSimplex
This class implements the multi-directional direct search method.
MultiDirectionalSimplex
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
MultiKMeansPlusPlusClusterer<T>
A wrapper around a k-means++ clustering algorithm which performs multiple trials and returns the best solution.
MultipleLinearRegression
The multiple linear regression can be represented in matrix-notation.
Multiply
Multiply the two operands.
MultiStartMultivariateOptimizer
Multi-start optimizer.
MultiStartMultivariateVectorOptimizer
Deprecated.
MultiStartUnivariateOptimizer
Special implementation of the `UnivariateOptimizer` interface adding multi-start features to an existing optimizer.
MultistepFieldIntegrator<T>
This class is the base class for multistep integrators for Ordinary Differential Equations.
MultistepIntegrator
This class is the base class for multistep integrators for Ordinary Differential Equations.
MultistepIntegrator.NordsieckTransformer
Deprecated.
as of 3.6 this unused interface is deprecated
MultivariateDifferentiableFunction
Extension of `MultivariateFunction` representing a multivariate differentiable real function.
MultivariateDifferentiableMultiStartOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
MultivariateDifferentiableOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
MultivariateDifferentiableVectorFunction
Extension of `MultivariateVectorFunction` representing a multivariate differentiable vectorial function.
MultivariateDifferentiableVectorMultiStartOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
MultivariateDifferentiableVectorOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
MultivariateFunction
An interface representing a multivariate real function.
MultivariateFunctionMappingAdapter
Adapter for mapping bounded `MultivariateFunction` to unbounded ones.
MultivariateFunctionMappingAdapter
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
MultivariateFunctionPenaltyAdapter
Adapter extending bounded `MultivariateFunction` to an unbouded domain using a penalty function.
MultivariateFunctionPenaltyAdapter
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
MultivariateInterpolator
Interface representing a univariate real interpolating function.
MultivariateJacobianFunction
A interface for functions that compute a vector of values and can compute their derivatives (Jacobian).
MultivariateMatrixFunction
An interface representing a multivariate matrix function.
MultivariateMultiStartOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
MultivariateNormalDistribution
Implementation of the multivariate normal (Gaussian) distribution.
MultivariateNormalMixtureExpectationMaximization
Expectation-Maximization algorithm for fitting the parameters of multivariate normal mixture model distributions.
MultivariateOptimizer
Base class for a multivariate scalar function optimizer.
MultivariateOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
MultivariateRealDistribution
Base interface for multivariate distributions on the reals.
MultivariateSummaryStatistics
Computes summary statistics for a stream of n-tuples added using the `addValue` method.
MultivariateVectorFunction
An interface representing a multivariate vectorial function.
MultivariateVectorOptimizer
Deprecated.
MutationPolicy
Algorithm used to mutate a chromosome.
NakagamiDistribution
This class implements the Nakagami distribution.
NaNStrategy
Strategies for handling NaN values in rank transformations.
NaturalRanking
Ranking based on the natural ordering on doubles.
NeighbourhoodSizeFunction
Provides the network neighbourhood's size as a function of the number of calls already performed during the learning task.
NeighbourhoodSizeFunctionFactory
Factory for creating instances of `NeighbourhoodSizeFunction`.
NelderMeadSimplex
This class implements the Nelder-Mead simplex algorithm.
NelderMeadSimplex
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
Network
Neural network, composed of `Neuron` instances and the links between them.
Network.NeuronIdentifierComparator
Comparator that prescribes an order of the neurons according to the increasing order of their identifier.
Neuron
Describes a neuron element of a neural network.
NeuronSquareMesh2D
Neural network with the topology of a two-dimensional surface.
NeuronSquareMesh2D.HorizontalDirection
Horizontal (along row) direction.
NeuronSquareMesh2D.VerticalDirection
Vertical (along column) direction.
NeuronString
Neural network with the topology of a one-dimensional line.
NevilleInterpolator
Implements the Neville's Algorithm for interpolation of real univariate functions.
NewtonRaphsonSolver
Implements Newton's Method for finding zeros of real univariate differentiable functions.
NewtonSolver
Deprecated.
as of 3.1, replaced by `NewtonRaphsonSolver`
NoBracketingException
Exception to be thrown when function values have the same sign at both ends of an interval.
NoDataException
Exception to be thrown when the required data is missing.
NodesSet<S>
Set of `BSP tree` nodes.
NoFeasibleSolutionException
This class represents exceptions thrown by optimizers when no solution fulfills the constraints.
NoFeasibleSolutionException
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
NonLinearConjugateGradientOptimizer
Non-linear conjugate gradient optimizer.
NonLinearConjugateGradientOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
NonLinearConjugateGradientOptimizer.BracketingStep
Deprecated.
As of v3.3, this class is not used anymore.
NonLinearConjugateGradientOptimizer.Formula
Available choices of update formulas for the updating the parameter that is used to compute the successive conjugate search directions.
NonLinearConjugateGradientOptimizer.IdentityPreconditioner
Default identity preconditioner.
NonLinearConjugateGradientOptimizer.IdentityPreconditioner
Default identity preconditioner.
NonMonotonicSequenceException
Exception to be thrown when the a sequence of values is not monotonically increasing or decreasing.
NonNegativeConstraint
A constraint for a linear optimization problem indicating whether all variables must be restricted to non-negative values.
NonPositiveDefiniteMatrixException
Exception to be thrown when a positive definite matrix is expected.
NonPositiveDefiniteOperatorException
Exception to be thrown when a symmetric, definite positive `RealLinearOperator` is expected.
NonSelfAdjointOperatorException
Exception to be thrown when a self-adjoint `RealLinearOperator` is expected.
NonSquareMatrixException
Exception to be thrown when a square matrix is expected.
NonSquareOperatorException
Exception to be thrown when a square linear operator is expected.
NonSymmetricMatrixException
Exception to be thrown when a symmetric matrix is expected.
NordsieckStepInterpolator
This class implements an interpolator for integrators using Nordsieck representation.
NormalApproximationInterval
Implements the normal approximation method for creating a binomial proportion confidence interval.
NormalDistribution
Implementation of the normal (gaussian) distribution.
NormalizedRandomGenerator
This interface represent a normalized random generator for scalars.
NotANumberException
Exception to be thrown when a number is not a number.
NotARotationMatrixException
This class represents exceptions thrown while building rotations from matrices.
NotFiniteNumberException
Exception to be thrown when a number is not finite.
NotPositiveException
Exception to be thrown when the argument is negative.
NotStrictlyPositiveException
Exception to be thrown when the argument is not greater than 0.
NPointCrossover<T>
N-point crossover policy.
NullArgumentException
All conditions checks that fail due to a `null` argument must throw this exception.
NumberIsTooLargeException
Exception to be thrown when a number is too large.
NumberIsTooSmallException
Exception to be thrown when a number is too small.
NumberTransformer
Subclasses implementing this interface can transform Objects to doubles.
ObjectiveFunction
Scalar function to be optimized.
ObjectiveFunctionGradient
Gradient of the scalar function to be optimized.
ODEIntegrator
This interface defines the common parts shared by integrators for first and second order differential equations.
OLSMultipleLinearRegression
Implements ordinary least squares (OLS) to estimate the parameters of a multiple linear regression model.
OnePointCrossover<T>
One point crossover policy.
OneWayAnova
Implements one-way ANOVA (analysis of variance) statistics.
OpenIntToDoubleHashMap
Open addressed map from int to double.
OpenIntToFieldHashMap<T>
Open addressed map from int to FieldElement.
OpenMapRealMatrix
Sparse matrix implementation based on an open addressed map.
OpenMapRealVector
This class implements the `RealVector` interface with a `OpenIntToDoubleHashMap` backing store.
OptimizationData
Marker interface.
OptimizationData
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
OptimizationProblem<PAIR>
Common settings for all optimization problems.
OrderedCrossover<T>
Order 1 Crossover [OX1] builds offspring from ordered chromosomes by copying a consecutive slice from one parent, and filling up the remaining genes from the other parent as they appear.
OrderedTuple
Deprecated.
as of 3.4, this class is not used anymore and considered to be out of scope of Apache Commons Math
OrientedPoint
This class represents a 1D oriented hyperplane.
OutlineExtractor
Extractor for `polyhedrons sets` outlines.
OutOfRangeException
Exception to be thrown when some argument is out of range.
Pair<K,V>
Generic pair.
Parameterizable
This interface enables to process any parameterizable object.
ParameterizedODE
Interface to compute by finite difference Jacobian matrix for some parameter when computing `partial derivatives equations`.
ParameterJacobianProvider
Interface to compute exactly Jacobian matrix for some parameter when computing `partial derivatives equations`.
ParameterValidator
Interface for validating a set of model parameters.
ParametricUnivariateFunction
An interface representing a real function that depends on one independent variable plus some extra parameters.
ParetoDistribution
Implementation of the Pareto distribution.
PascalDistribution
Implementation of the Pascal distribution.
PearsonsCorrelation
Computes Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficients for pairs of arrays or columns of a matrix.
PegasusSolver
Implements the Pegasus method for root-finding (approximating a zero of a univariate real function).
Percentile
Provides percentile computation.
Percentile.EstimationType
An enum for various estimation strategies of a percentile referred in wikipedia on quantile with the names of enum matching those of types mentioned in wikipedia.
PermutationChromosome<T>
Interface indicating that the chromosome represents a permutation of objects.
PiecewiseBicubicSplineInterpolatingFunction
Function that implements the bicubic spline interpolation.
PiecewiseBicubicSplineInterpolator
Generates a piecewise-bicubic interpolating function.
PivotingStrategyInterface
A strategy to pick a pivoting index of an array for doing partitioning.
PivotSelectionRule
Pivot selection rule to the use for a Simplex solver.
Plane
The class represent planes in a three dimensional space.
Point<S>
This interface represents a generic geometrical point.
PointValuePair
This class holds a point and the value of an objective function at that point.
PointValuePair
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
PointVectorValuePair
This class holds a point and the vectorial value of an objective function at that point.
PointVectorValuePair
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
PoissonDistribution
Implementation of the Poisson distribution.
PolygonsSet
This class represents a 2D region: a set of polygons.
PolyhedronsSet
This class represents a 3D region: a set of polyhedrons.
PolynomialCurveFitter
Fits points to a `polynomial` function.
PolynomialFitter
Deprecated.
As of 3.3.
PolynomialFitter
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
PolynomialFunction
Immutable representation of a real polynomial function with real coefficients.
PolynomialFunction.Parametric
Dedicated parametric polynomial class.
PolynomialFunctionLagrangeForm
Implements the representation of a real polynomial function in Lagrange Form.
PolynomialFunctionNewtonForm
Implements the representation of a real polynomial function in Newton Form.
PolynomialSolver
Interface for (polynomial) root-finding algorithms.
PolynomialSplineFunction
Represents a polynomial spline function.
PolynomialsUtils
A collection of static methods that operate on or return polynomials.
Population
A collection of chromosomes that facilitates generational evolution.
Pow
Power function.
PowellOptimizer
Powell's algorithm.
PowellOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
Power
Power function.
Precision
Utilities for comparing numbers.
PreconditionedIterativeLinearSolver
This abstract class defines preconditioned iterative solvers.
Preconditioner
This interface represents a preconditioner for differentiable scalar objective function optimizers.
Preconditioner
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
Primes
Methods related to prime numbers in the range of `int`: primality test prime number generation factorization
ProcessModel
Defines the process dynamics model for the use with a `KalmanFilter`.
Product
Returns the product of the available values.
ProperBigFractionFormat
Formats a BigFraction number in proper format.
ProperFractionFormat
Formats a Fraction number in proper format.
PSquarePercentile
A `StorelessUnivariateStatistic` estimating percentiles using the invalid input: '<'ahref=http://www.cs.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/ftp/psqr.pdf>P2 Algorithm as explained by Raj Jain and Imrich Chlamtac in P2 Algorithm for Dynamic Calculation of Quantiles and Histogram Without Storing Observations.
PSquarePercentile.PSquareMarkers
An interface that encapsulates abstractions of the P-square algorithm markers as is explained in the original works.
QRDecomposition
Calculates the QR-decomposition of a matrix.
QuantizationError
Computes the quantization error histogram.
QuasiSigmoidDecayFunction
Decay function whose shape is similar to a sigmoid.
Quaternion
This class implements quaternions (Hamilton's hypercomplex numbers).
RandomAdaptor
Extension of `java.util.Random` wrapping a `RandomGenerator`.
RandomData
Deprecated.
to be removed in 4.0.
RandomDataGenerator
Implements the `RandomData` interface using a `RandomGenerator` instance to generate non-secure data and a `SecureRandom` instance to provide data for the `nextSecureXxx` methods.
RandomDataImpl
Deprecated.
to be removed in 4.0.
RandomGenerator
Interface extracted from `java.util.Random`.
RandomGeneratorFactory
Utilities for creating `RandomGenerator` instances.
RandomKey<T>
Random Key chromosome is used for permutation representation.
RandomKeyMutation
Mutation operator for `RandomKey`s.
RandomPivotingStrategy
A strategy of selecting random index between begin and end indices.
RandomVectorGenerator
This interface represents a random generator for whole vectors.
RankingAlgorithm
Interface representing a rank transformation.
RealDistribution
Base interface for distributions on the reals.
RealFieldElement<T>
Interface representing a real field.
RealFieldUnivariateFunction<T>
An interface representing a univariate real function.
RealLinearOperator
This class defines a linear operator operating on real (`double`) vector spaces.
RealMatrix
Interface defining a real-valued matrix with basic algebraic operations.
RealMatrixChangingVisitor
Interface defining a visitor for matrix entries.
RealMatrixFormat
Formats a `nxm` matrix in components list format "{{a00,a01, ..., a0m-1},{a10, a11, ..., a1m-1},{...},{ an-10, an-11, ..., an-1m-1}}".
RealMatrixPreservingVisitor
Interface defining a visitor for matrix entries.
RealTransformer
Interface for one-dimensional data sets transformations producing real results.
RealVector
Class defining a real-valued vector with basic algebraic operations.
RealVectorChangingVisitor
This interface defines a visitor for the entries of a vector.
RealVectorFormat
Formats a vector in components list format "{v0; v1; ...; vk-1}".
RealVectorPreservingVisitor
This interface defines a visitor for the entries of a vector.
RectangularCholeskyDecomposition
Calculates the rectangular Cholesky decomposition of a matrix.
Region<S>
This interface represents a region of a space as a partition.
Region.Location
Enumerate for the location of a point with respect to the region.
RegionFactory<S>
This class is a factory for `Region`.
RegressionResults
Results of a Multiple Linear Regression model fit.
RegulaFalsiSolver
Implements the Regula Falsi or False position method for root-finding (approximating a zero of a univariate real function).
Relationship
Types of relationships between two cells in a Solver `LinearConstraint`.
Relationship
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
ResizableDoubleArray
A variable length `DoubleArray` implementation that automatically handles expanding and contracting its internal storage array as elements are added and removed.
ResizableDoubleArray.ExpansionMode
Specification of expansion algorithm.
RiddersSolver
Implements the Ridders' Method for root finding of real univariate functions.
Rint
`rint` function.
RombergIntegrator
Implements the Romberg Algorithm for integration of real univariate functions.
RootsOfUnity
A helper class for the computation and caching of the `n`-th roots of unity.
Rotation
This class implements rotations in a three-dimensional space.
RotationConvention
This enumerates is used to differentiate the semantics of a rotation.
RotationOrder
This class is a utility representing a rotation order specification for Cardan or Euler angles specification.
RRQRDecomposition
Calculates the rank-revealing QR-decomposition of a matrix, with column pivoting.
RungeKuttaFieldIntegrator<T>
This class implements the common part of all fixed step Runge-Kutta integrators for Ordinary Differential Equations.
RungeKuttaIntegrator
This class implements the common part of all fixed step Runge-Kutta integrators for Ordinary Differential Equations.
S1Point
This class represents a point on the 1-sphere.
S2Point
This class represents a point on the 2-sphere.
SearchInterval
Search interval and (optional) start value.
SecantSolver
Implements the Secant method for root-finding (approximating a zero of a univariate real function).
SecondaryEquations
This interface allows users to add secondary differential equations to a primary set of differential equations.
SecondMoment
Computes a statistic related to the Second Central Moment.
SecondOrderDifferentialEquations
This interface represents a second order differential equations set.
SecondOrderIntegrator
This interface represents a second order integrator for differential equations.
Segment
Simple container for a two-points segment.
Segment
Simple container for a two-points segment.
SelectionPolicy
Algorithm used to select a chromosome pair from a population.
SemiVariance
Computes the semivariance of a set of values with respect to a given cutoff value.
SemiVariance.Direction
The direction of the semivariance - either upside or downside.
Side
Enumerate representing the location of an element with respect to an `hyperplane` of a space.
Sigmoid
Sigmoid function.
Sigmoid.Parametric
Parametric function where the input array contains the parameters of the `sigmoid function`, ordered as follows: Lower asymptote Higher asymptote
Signum
`signum` function.
SimpleBounds
Simple optimization constraints: lower and upper bounds.
SimpleBounds
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
SimpleCurveFitter
Fits points to a user-defined `function`.
SimplePointChecker<PAIR>
Simple implementation of the `ConvergenceChecker` interface using only point coordinates.
SimplePointChecker<PAIR>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
SimpleRegression
Estimates an ordinary least squares regression model with one independent variable.
SimpleUnivariateValueChecker
Simple implementation of the `ConvergenceChecker` interface that uses only objective function values.
SimpleUnivariateValueChecker
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
SimpleValueChecker
Simple implementation of the `ConvergenceChecker` interface using only objective function values.
SimpleValueChecker
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
SimpleVectorValueChecker
Simple implementation of the `ConvergenceChecker` interface using only objective function values.
SimpleVectorValueChecker
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
SimplexOptimizer
This class implements simplex-based direct search optimization.
SimplexOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
SimplexSolver
Solves a linear problem using the "Two-Phase Simplex" method.
SimplexSolver
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
SimpsonIntegrator
Implements Simpson's Rule for integration of real univariate functions.
Sin
Sine function.
Sinc
Sinc function, defined by
SingularMatrixException
Exception to be thrown when a non-singular matrix is expected.
SingularOperatorException
Exception to be thrown when trying to invert a singular operator.
SingularValueDecomposition
Calculates the compact Singular Value Decomposition of a matrix.
Sinh
Hyperbolic sine function.
Skewness
Computes the skewness of the available values.
SmoothedDataHistogram
Visualization of high-dimensional data projection on a 2D-map.
SmoothingPolynomialBicubicSplineInterpolator
Deprecated.
To be removed in 4.0 (see MATH-1166).
SobolSequenceGenerator
Implementation of a Sobol sequence.
SolutionCallback
A callback object that can be provided to a linear optimizer to keep track of the best solution found.
Space
This interface represents a generic space, with affine and vectorial counterparts.
SparseFieldMatrix<T>
Sparse matrix implementation based on an open addressed map.
SparseFieldVector<T>
This class implements the `FieldVector` interface with a `OpenIntToFieldHashMap` backing store.
SparseGradient
First derivative computation with large number of variables.
SparseRealMatrix
Marker interface for `RealMatrix` implementations that require sparse backing storage
SparseRealVector
Marker class for RealVectors that require sparse backing storage
SpearmansCorrelation
Spearman's rank correlation.
Sphere1D
This class implements a one-dimensional sphere (i.e.
Sphere1D.NoSubSpaceException
Specialized exception for inexistent sub-space.
Sphere2D
This class implements a two-dimensional sphere (i.e.
SphereGenerator
Class generating an enclosing ball from its support points.
SphericalCoordinates
This class provides conversions related to spherical coordinates.
SphericalPolygonsSet
This class represents a region on the 2-sphere: a set of spherical polygons.
SplineInterpolator
Computes a natural (also known as "free", "unclamped") cubic spline interpolation for the data set.
Sqrt
Square-root function.
SquareNeighbourhood
Defines neighbourhood types.
StableRandomGenerator
This class provides a stable normalized random generator.
StandardDeviation
Computes the sample standard deviation.
StatisticalMultivariateSummary
Reporting interface for basic multivariate statistics.
StatisticalSummary
Reporting interface for basic univariate statistics.
StatisticalSummaryValues
Value object representing the results of a univariate statistical summary.
StatUtils
StatUtils provides static methods for computing statistics based on data stored in double[] arrays.
StepFunction
Step function.
StepHandler
This interface represents a handler that should be called after each successful step.
StepInterpolator
This interface represents an interpolator over the last step during an ODE integration.
StepNormalizer
This class wraps an object implementing `FixedStepHandler` into a `StepHandler`.
StepNormalizerBounds
`Step normalizer` bounds settings.
StepNormalizerMode
`Step normalizer` modes.
StoppingCondition
Algorithm used to determine when to stop evolution.
StorelessCovariance
Covariance implementation that does not require input data to be stored in memory.
StorelessUnivariateStatistic
Extends the definition of `UnivariateStatistic` with `StorelessUnivariateStatistic.increment(double)` and `StorelessUnivariateStatistic.incrementAll(double[])` methods for adding values and updating internal state.
SubCircle
This class represents a sub-hyperplane for `Circle`.
SubHyperplane<S>
This interface represents the remaining parts of an hyperplane after other parts have been chopped off.
SubHyperplane.SplitSubHyperplane<U>
Class holding the results of the `split` method.
SubLimitAngle
This class represents sub-hyperplane for `LimitAngle`.
SubLine
This class represents a subset of a `Line`.
SubLine
This class represents a sub-hyperplane for `Line`.
SubOrientedPoint
This class represents sub-hyperplane for `OrientedPoint`.
SubPlane
This class represents a sub-hyperplane for `Plane`.
Subtract
Subtract the second operand from the first.
Sum
Returns the sum of the available values.
SummaryStatistics
Computes summary statistics for a stream of data values added using the `addValue` method.
SumOfClusterVariances<T>
Computes the sum of intra-cluster distance variances according to the formula:
SumOfLogs
Returns the sum of the natural logs for this collection of values.
SumOfSquares
Returns the sum of the squares of the available values.
SupportBallGenerator<S,P>
Interface for generating balls based on support points.
SymmetricGaussIntegrator
This class's implements `integrate` method assuming that the integral is symmetric about 0.
SymmLQ
Implementation of the SYMMLQ iterative linear solver proposed by Paige and Saunders (1975).
SynchronizedDescriptiveStatistics
Implementation of `DescriptiveStatistics` that is safe to use in a multithreaded environment.
SynchronizedMultivariateSummaryStatistics
Implementation of `MultivariateSummaryStatistics` that is safe to use in a multithreaded environment.
SynchronizedRandomGenerator
Any `RandomGenerator` implementation can be thread-safe if it is used through an instance of this class.
SynchronizedSummaryStatistics
Implementation of `SummaryStatistics` that is safe to use in a multithreaded environment.
Tan
Tangent function.
Tanh
Hyperbolic tangent function.
Target
Deprecated.
All classes and interfaces in this package are deprecated.
Target
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
TDistribution
Implementation of Student's t-distribution.
TestUtils
A collection of static methods to create inference test instances or to perform inference tests.
ThreeEighthesFieldIntegrator<T>
This class implements the 3/8 fourth order Runge-Kutta integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
ThreeEighthesIntegrator
This class implements the 3/8 fourth order Runge-Kutta integrator for Ordinary Differential Equations.
TiesStrategy
Strategies for handling tied values in rank transformations.
TooManyEvaluationsException
Exception to be thrown when the maximal number of evaluations is exceeded.
TooManyIterationsException
Exception to be thrown when the maximal number of iterations is exceeded.
TopographicErrorHistogram
Computes the topographic error histogram.
TournamentSelection
Tournament selection scheme.
Transform<S,T>
This interface represents an inversible affine transform in a space.
TransformerMap
This TansformerMap automates the transformation of mixed object types.
TransformType
This enumeration defines the type of transform which is to be computed.
TransformUtils
Useful functions for the implementation of various transforms.
TrapezoidIntegrator
Implements the Trapezoid Rule for integration of real univariate functions.
TriangularDistribution
Implementation of the triangular real distribution.
TricubicInterpolatingFunction
Function that implements the tricubic spline interpolation, as proposed in Tricubic interpolation in three dimensions, F.
TricubicInterpolator
Generates a tricubic interpolating function.
TricubicSplineInterpolatingFunction
Deprecated.
To be removed in 4.0 (see MATH-1166).
TricubicSplineInterpolator
Deprecated.
To be removed in 4.0 (see MATH-1166).
TrivariateFunction
An interface representing a trivariate real function.
TrivariateGridInterpolator
Interface representing a trivariate real interpolating function where the sample points must be specified on a regular grid.
TTest
An implementation for Student's t-tests.
Ulp
`ulp` function.
UnboundedSolutionException
This class represents exceptions thrown by optimizers when a solution escapes to infinity.
UnboundedSolutionException
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
UncorrelatedRandomVectorGenerator
A `RandomVectorGenerator` that generates vectors with uncorrelated components.
UnifiedDistanceMatrix
U-Matrix visualization of high-dimensional data projection.
UniformCrossover<T>
Perform Uniform Crossover [UX] on the specified chromosomes.
UniformIntegerDistribution
Implementation of the uniform integer distribution.
UniformRandomGenerator
This class implements a normalized uniform random generator.
UniformRealDistribution
Implementation of the uniform real distribution.
UnitSphereRandomVectorGenerator
Generate random vectors isotropically located on the surface of a sphere.
UnivariateDfpFunction
Deprecated.
as of 3.6, replaced with `RealFieldUnivariateFunction`
UnivariateDifferentiableFunction
Interface for univariate functions derivatives.
UnivariateDifferentiableMatrixFunction
Extension of `UnivariateMatrixFunction` representing a univariate differentiable matrix function.
UnivariateDifferentiableSolver
Interface for (univariate real) rootfinding algorithms.
UnivariateDifferentiableVectorFunction
Extension of `UnivariateVectorFunction` representing a univariate differentiable vectorial function.
UnivariateFunction
An interface representing a univariate real function.
UnivariateFunctionDifferentiator
Interface defining the function differentiation operation.
UnivariateIntegrator
Interface for univariate real integration algorithms.
UnivariateInterpolator
Interface representing a univariate real interpolating function.
UnivariateMatrixFunction
An interface representing a univariate matrix function.
UnivariateMatrixFunctionDifferentiator
Interface defining the function differentiation operation.
UnivariateMultiStartOptimizer<FUNC>
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
UnivariateObjectiveFunction
Scalar function to be optimized.
UnivariateOptimizer
Base class for a univariate scalar function optimizer.
UnivariateOptimizer
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
UnivariatePeriodicInterpolator
Adapter for classes implementing the `UnivariateInterpolator` interface.
UnivariatePointValuePair
This class holds a point and the value of an objective function at this point.
UnivariatePointValuePair
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
UnivariateSolver
Interface for (univariate real) root-finding algorithms.
UnivariateSolverUtils
Utility routines for `UnivariateSolver` objects.
UnivariateStatistic
Base interface implemented by all statistics.
UnivariateVectorFunction
An interface representing a univariate vectorial function.
UnivariateVectorFunctionDifferentiator
Interface defining the function differentiation operation.
UnknownParameterException
Exception to be thrown when a parameter is unknown.
UpdateAction
Describes how to update the network in response to a training sample.
UpdatingMultipleLinearRegression
An interface for regression models allowing for dynamic updating of the data.
ValueAndJacobianFunction
A interface for functions that compute a vector of values and can compute their derivatives (Jacobian).
ValueServer
Generates values for use in simulation applications.
Variance
Computes the variance of the available values.
Vector<S>
This interface represents a generic vector in a vectorial space or a point in an affine space.
Vector1D
This class represents a 1D vector.
Vector1DFormat
Formats a 1D vector in components list format "{x}".
Vector2D
This class represents a 2D vector.
Vector2DFormat
Formats a 2D vector in components list format "{x; y}".
Vector3D
This class implements vectors in a three-dimensional space.
Vector3DFormat
Formats a 3D vector in components list format "{x; y; z}".
VectorFormat<S>
Formats a vector in components list format "{x; y; ...}".
VectorialCovariance
Returns the covariance matrix of the available vectors.
VectorialMean
Returns the arithmetic mean of the available vectors.
Vertex
Spherical polygons boundary vertex.
WeibullDistribution
Implementation of the Weibull distribution.
Weight
Deprecated.
All classes and interfaces in this package are deprecated.
Weight
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
WeightedEvaluation
Weighted evaluation for statistics.
WeightedObservedPoint
This class is a simple container for weighted observed point in `curve fitting`.
WeightedObservedPoint
Deprecated.
As of 3.1 (to be removed in 4.0).
WeightedObservedPoints
Simple container for weighted observed points used in `curve fitting` algorithms.
Well1024a
This class implements the WELL1024a pseudo-random number generator from François Panneton, Pierre L'Ecuyer and Makoto Matsumoto.
Well19937a
This class implements the WELL19937a pseudo-random number generator from François Panneton, Pierre L'Ecuyer and Makoto Matsumoto.
Well19937c
This class implements the WELL19937c pseudo-random number generator from François Panneton, Pierre L'Ecuyer and Makoto Matsumoto.
Well44497a
This class implements the WELL44497a pseudo-random number generator from François Panneton, Pierre L'Ecuyer and Makoto Matsumoto.
Well44497b
This class implements the WELL44497b pseudo-random number generator from François Panneton, Pierre L'Ecuyer and Makoto Matsumoto.
Well512a
This class implements the WELL512a pseudo-random number generator from François Panneton, Pierre L'Ecuyer and Makoto Matsumoto.
WelzlEncloser<S,P>
Class implementing Emo Welzl algorithm to find the smallest enclosing ball in linear time.
WilcoxonSignedRankTest
An implementation of the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
WilsonScoreInterval
Implements the Wilson score method for creating a binomial proportion confidence interval.
ZeroException
Exception to be thrown when zero is provided where it is not allowed.
ZipfDistribution
Implementation of the Zipf distribution.