# Source code for cherrypy._cplogging

    """
    Simple config
    =============

    Although CherryPy uses the :mod:`Python logging module <logging>`, it does so
    behind the scenes so that simple logging is simple, but complicated logging
    is still possible. "Simple" logging means that you can log to the screen
    (i.e. console/stdout) or to a file, and that you can easily have separate
    error and access log files.

    Here are the simplified logging settings. You use these by adding lines to
    your config file or dict. You should set these at either the global level or
    per application (see next), but generally not both.

     * ``log.screen``: Set this to True to have both "error" and "access" messages
       printed to stdout.
     * ``log.access_file``: Set this to an absolute filename where you want
       "access" messages written.
     * ``log.error_file``: Set this to an absolute filename where you want "error"
       messages written.

    Many events are automatically logged; to log your own application events, call
    :func:`cherrypy.log`.

    Architecture
    ============

    Separate scopes
    ---------------

    CherryPy provides log managers at both the global and application layers.
    This means you can have one set of logging rules for your entire site,
    and another set of rules specific to each application. The global log
    manager is found at :func:`cherrypy.log`, and the log manager for each
    application is found at :attr:`app.log<cherrypy._cptree.Application.log>`.
    If you're inside a request, the latter is reachable from
    ``cherrypy.request.app.log``; if you're outside a request, you'll have to
    obtain a reference to the ``app``: either the return value of
    :func:`tree.mount()<cherrypy._cptree.Tree.mount>` or, if you used
    :func:`quickstart()<cherrypy.quickstart>` instead, via
    ``cherrypy.tree.apps['/']``.

    By default, the global logs are named "cherrypy.error" and "cherrypy.access",
    and the application logs are named "cherrypy.error.2378745" and
    "cherrypy.access.2378745" (the number is the id of the Application object).
    This means that the application logs "bubble up" to the site logs, so if your
    application has no log handlers, the site-level handlers will still log the
    messages.

    Errors vs. Access
    -----------------

    Each log manager handles both "access" messages (one per HTTP request) and
    "error" messages (everything else). Note that the "error" log is not just for
    errors! The format of access messages is highly formalized, but the error log
    isn't--it receives messages from a variety of sources (including full error
    tracebacks, if enabled).

    If you are logging the access log and error log to the same source, then there
    is a possibility that a specially crafted error message may replicate an access
    log message as described in CWE-117.  In this case it is the application
    developer's responsibility to manually escape data before
    using CherryPy's log()
    functionality, or they may create an application that is vulnerable to CWE-117.
    This would be achieved by using a custom handler escape any special characters,
    and attached as described below.

    Custom Handlers
    ===============

    The simple settings above work by manipulating Python's standard :mod:`logging`
    module. So when you need something more complex, the full power of the standard
    module is yours to exploit. You can borrow or create custom handlers, formats,
    filters, and much more. Here's an example that skips the standard FileHandler
    and uses a RotatingFileHandler instead:

    ::

        #python
        log = app.log

        # Remove the default FileHandlers if present.
        log.error_file = ""
        log.access_file = ""

        maxBytes = getattr(log, "rot_maxBytes", 10000000)
        backupCount = getattr(log, "rot_backupCount", 1000)

        # Make a new RotatingFileHandler for the error log.
        fname = getattr(log, "rot_error_file", "error.log")
        h = handlers.RotatingFileHandler(fname, 'a', maxBytes, backupCount)
        h.setLevel(DEBUG)
        h.setFormatter(_cplogging.logfmt)
        log.error_log.addHandler(h)

        # Make a new RotatingFileHandler for the access log.
        fname = getattr(log, "rot_access_file", "access.log")
        h = handlers.RotatingFileHandler(fname, 'a', maxBytes, backupCount)
        h.setLevel(DEBUG)
        h.setFormatter(_cplogging.logfmt)
        log.access_log.addHandler(h)

    The ``rot_*`` attributes are pulled straight from the application log object.
    Since "log.*" config entries simply set attributes on the log object, you can
    add custom attributes to your heart's content. Note that these handlers are
    used ''instead'' of the default, simple handlers outlined above (so don't set
    the "log.error_file" config entry, for example).
    """

    import datetime
    import logging
    import os
    import sys

    import cherrypy
    from cherrypy import _cperror

    # Silence the no-handlers "warning" (stderr write!) in stdlib logging
    logging.Logger.manager.emittedNoHandlerWarning = 1
    logfmt = logging.Formatter('%(message)s')

    class NullHandler(logging.Handler):
        """A no-op logging handler to silence the logging.lastResort handler."""

        def handle(self, record):
            pass

        def emit(self, record):
            pass

        def createLock(self):
            self.lock = None

    class LogManager(object):
        """An object to assist both simple and advanced logging.

        ``cherrypy.log`` is an instance of this class.
        """

        appid = None
        """The id() of the Application object which owns this log manager.

        If this is a global log manager, appid is None.
        """

        error_log = None
        """The actual :class:`logging.Logger` instance for error messages."""

        access_log = None
        """The actual :class:`logging.Logger` instance for access messages."""

        access_log_format = '{h} {l} {u} {t} "{r}" {s} {b} "{f}" "{a}"'

        logger_root = None
        """The "top-level" logger name.

        This string will be used as the first segment in the Logger names.
        The default is "cherrypy", for example, in which case the Logger names
        will be of the form::

            cherrypy.error.<appid>
            cherrypy.access.<appid>
        """

        def __init__(self, appid=None, logger_root='cherrypy'):
            self.logger_root = logger_root
            self.appid = appid
            if appid is None:
                self.error_log = logging.getLogger('%s.error' % logger_root)
                self.access_log = logging.getLogger('%s.access' % logger_root)
            else:
                self.error_log = logging.getLogger(
                    '%s.error.%s' % (logger_root, appid))
                self.access_log = logging.getLogger(
                    '%s.access.%s' % (logger_root, appid))
            self.error_log.setLevel(logging.INFO)
            self.access_log.setLevel(logging.INFO)

            # Silence the no-handlers "warning" (stderr write!) in stdlib logging
            self.error_log.addHandler(NullHandler())
            self.access_log.addHandler(NullHandler())

            cherrypy.engine.subscribe('graceful', self.reopen_files)

        def reopen_files(self):
            """Close and reopen all file handlers."""
            for log in (self.error_log, self.access_log):
                for h in log.handlers:
                    if isinstance(h, logging.FileHandler):
                        h.acquire()
                        h.stream.close()
                        h.stream = open(h.baseFilename, h.mode)
                        h.release()

        def error(self, msg='', context='', severity=logging.INFO,
                  traceback=False):
            """Write the given ``msg`` to the error log.

            This is not just for errors! Applications may call this at any time
            to log application-specific information.

            If ``traceback`` is True, the traceback of the current exception
            (if any) will be appended to ``msg``.
            """
            exc_info = None
            if traceback:
                exc_info = _cperror._exc_info()

            self.error_log.log(
                severity,
                ' '.join((self.time(), context, msg)),
                exc_info=exc_info,
            )

        def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs):
            """An alias for ``error``."""
            return self.error(*args, **kwargs)

        def access(self):
            """Write to the access log (in Apache/NCSA Combined Log format).

            See the
            `apache documentation
            <http://httpd.apache.org/docs/current/logs.html#combined>`_
            for format details.

            CherryPy calls this automatically for you. Note there are no arguments;
            it collects the data itself from
            :class:`cherrypy.request<cherrypy._cprequest.Request>`.

            Like Apache started doing in 2.0.46, non-printable and other special
            characters in %r (and we expand that to all parts) are escaped using
            \\xhh sequences, where hh stands for the hexadecimal representation
            of the raw byte. Exceptions from this rule are " and \\, which are
            escaped by prepending a backslash, and all whitespace characters,
            which are written in their C-style notation (\\n, \\t, etc).
            """
            request = cherrypy.serving.request
            remote = request.remote
            response = cherrypy.serving.response
            outheaders = response.headers
            inheaders = request.headers
            if response.output_status is None:
                status = '-'
            else:
                status = response.output_status.split(b' ', 1)[0]
                status = status.decode('ISO-8859-1')

            atoms = {'h': remote.name or remote.ip,
                     'l': '-',
                     'u': getattr(request, 'login', None) or '-',
                     't': self.time(),
                     'r': request.request_line,
                     's': status,
                     'b': dict.get(outheaders, 'Content-Length', '') or '-',
                     'f': dict.get(inheaders, 'Referer', ''),
                     'a': dict.get(inheaders, 'User-Agent', ''),
                     'o': dict.get(inheaders, 'Host', '-'),
                     'i': request.unique_id,
                     'z': LazyRfc3339UtcTime(),
                     }
            for k, v in atoms.items():
                if not isinstance(v, str):
                    v = str(v)
                v = v.replace('"', '\\"').encode('utf8')
                # Fortunately, repr(str) escapes unprintable chars, \n, \t, etc
                # and backslash for us. All we have to do is strip the quotes.
                v = repr(v)[2:-1]

                # in python 3.0 the repr of bytes (as returned by encode)
                # uses double \'s.  But then the logger escapes them yet, again
                # resulting in quadruple slashes.  Remove the extra one here.
                v = v.replace('\\\\', '\\')

                # Escape double-quote.
                atoms[k] = v

            try:
                self.access_log.log(
                    logging.INFO, self.access_log_format.format(**atoms))
            except Exception:
                self(traceback=True)

        def time(self):
            """Return now() in Apache Common Log Format (no timezone)."""
            now = datetime.datetime.now()
            monthnames = ['jan', 'feb', 'mar', 'apr', 'may', 'jun',
                          'jul', 'aug', 'sep', 'oct', 'nov', 'dec']
            month = monthnames[now.month - 1].capitalize()
            return ('[%02d/%s/%04d:%02d:%02d:%02d]' %
                    (now.day, month, now.year, now.hour, now.minute, now.second))

        def _get_builtin_handler(self, log, key):
            for h in log.handlers:
                if getattr(h, '_cpbuiltin', None) == key:
                    return h

        # ------------------------- Screen handlers ------------------------- #

        def _set_screen_handler(self, log, enable, stream=None):
            h = self._get_builtin_handler(log, 'screen')
            if enable:
                if not h:
                    if stream is None:
                        stream = sys.stderr
                    h = logging.StreamHandler(stream)
                    h.setFormatter(logfmt)
                    h._cpbuiltin = 'screen'
                    log.addHandler(h)
            elif h:
                log.handlers.remove(h)

        @property
        def screen(self):
            """Turn stderr/stdout logging on or off.

            If you set this to True, it'll add the appropriate StreamHandler
            for you. If you set it to False, it will remove the handler.
            """
            h = self._get_builtin_handler
            has_h = h(self.error_log, 'screen') or h(self.access_log, 'screen')
            return bool(has_h)

        @screen.setter
        def screen(self, newvalue):
            self._set_screen_handler(self.error_log, newvalue, stream=sys.stderr)
            self._set_screen_handler(self.access_log, newvalue, stream=sys.stdout)

        # -------------------------- File handlers -------------------------- #

        def _add_builtin_file_handler(self, log, fname):
            h = logging.FileHandler(fname)
            h.setFormatter(logfmt)
            h._cpbuiltin = 'file'
            log.addHandler(h)

        def _set_file_handler(self, log, filename):
            h = self._get_builtin_handler(log, 'file')
            if filename:
                if h:
                    if h.baseFilename != os.path.abspath(filename):
                        h.close()
                        log.handlers.remove(h)
                        self._add_builtin_file_handler(log, filename)
                else:
                    self._add_builtin_file_handler(log, filename)
            else:
                if h:
                    h.close()
                    log.handlers.remove(h)

        @property
        def error_file(self):
            """The filename for self.error_log.

            If you set this to a string, it'll add the appropriate FileHandler for
            you. If you set it to ``None`` or ``''``, it will remove the handler.
            """
            h = self._get_builtin_handler(self.error_log, 'file')
            if h:
                return h.baseFilename
            return ''

        @error_file.setter
        def error_file(self, newvalue):
            self._set_file_handler(self.error_log, newvalue)

        @property
        def access_file(self):
            """The filename for self.access_log.

            If you set this to a string, it'll add the appropriate FileHandler for
            you. If you set it to ``None`` or ``''``, it will remove the handler.
            """
            h = self._get_builtin_handler(self.access_log, 'file')
            if h:
                return h.baseFilename
            return ''

        @access_file.setter
        def access_file(self, newvalue):
            self._set_file_handler(self.access_log, newvalue)

        # ------------------------- WSGI handlers ------------------------- #

        def _set_wsgi_handler(self, log, enable):
            h = self._get_builtin_handler(log, 'wsgi')
            if enable:
                if not h:
                    h = WSGIErrorHandler()
                    h.setFormatter(logfmt)
                    h._cpbuiltin = 'wsgi'
                    log.addHandler(h)
            elif h:
                log.handlers.remove(h)

        @property
        def wsgi(self):
            """Write errors to wsgi.errors.

            If you set this to True, it'll add the appropriate
            :class:`WSGIErrorHandler<cherrypy._cplogging.WSGIErrorHandler>` for you
            (which writes errors to ``wsgi.errors``).
            If you set it to False, it will remove the handler.
            """
            return bool(self._get_builtin_handler(self.error_log, 'wsgi'))

        @wsgi.setter
        def wsgi(self, newvalue):
            self._set_wsgi_handler(self.error_log, newvalue)

    class WSGIErrorHandler(logging.Handler):
        "A handler class which writes logging records to environ['wsgi.errors']."

        def flush(self):
            """Flushes the stream."""
            try:
                stream = cherrypy.serving.request.wsgi_environ.get('wsgi.errors')
            except (AttributeError, KeyError):
                pass
            else:
                stream.flush()

        def emit(self, record):
            """Emit a record."""
            try:
                stream = cherrypy.serving.request.wsgi_environ.get('wsgi.errors')
            except (AttributeError, KeyError):
                pass
            else:
                try:
                    msg = self.format(record)
                    fs = '%s\n'
                    import types
                    # if no unicode support...
                    if not hasattr(types, 'UnicodeType'):
                        stream.write(fs % msg)
                    else:
                        try:
                            stream.write(fs % msg)
                        except UnicodeError:
                            stream.write(fs % msg.encode('UTF-8'))
                    self.flush()
                except Exception:
                    self.handleError(record)

    class LazyRfc3339UtcTime(object):
        def __str__(self):
            """Return datetime in RFC3339 UTC Format."""
            iso_formatted_now = datetime.datetime.now(
                datetime.timezone.utc,
            ).isoformat('T')
            return f'{iso_formatted_now!s}Z'