# This is an ADIF parser in Python.

## Actual usage

Main result of parsing: List of QSOs:

* Each QSO is represented by a special-purpose Python mapping.
* Keys in that mapping are ADIF field names in upper case,
* value for a key is whatever was found in the ADIF, as a string
  (though some values are converted to upper case on output),
* you can access individual field values via either 
  `qso[fieldname]` or [`qso.get(fieldname)`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/stdtypes.html#dict.get)
  (depending on which behavior you want when your field does not exist),
* and you can access all keys of that mapping via `qso.keys()`.

Order of QSOs in the list is same as in ADIF file.

Secondary result of parsing: The ADIF headers.
This is returned as a Python mapping as well.

Normally, you'd call `adif_io.read_from_file(filename)`.  This reads
`UTF-8`. As `UTF-8` is a proper subset of the US-ASCII presently
demanded by the ADIF spec, all conforming ADI files are read.

You need not know this as long as dealing with spec-conforming ADI
files only, but this software expects field counts to count Unicode
code points, not bytes.

If you have some file that is not an ADI file, but would be an ADI
file if it didn't have non-US-ASCII characters in some other encoding,
you can specify that encoding (if [Python knows
about](https://docs.python.org/3/library/codecs.html#standard-encodings)
it).  Here is an example:

```python
qsos, header = adif_io.read_from_file(filename, encoding="ISO-8859-15")
```

Finally, you can also provide a string with an ADI-file's content, as
follows:

```python
import adif_io

qsos, header =  adif_io.read_from_string(
    "A sample ADIF content for demonstration.\n"
    "<adif_ver:5>3.1.0<eoh>\n"
    
    "<QSO_DATE:8>20190714 <time_on:4>1140<CALL:5>LY0HQ"
    "<mode:2>CW<BAND:3>40M<RST_SENT:3>599<RST_RCVD:3>599"
    "<STX_STRING:2>28<SRX_STRING:4>LRMD<EOR>\n"

    "<QSO_DATE:8>20190714<TIME_ON:4>1130<CALL:5>SE9HQ<MODE:2>CW<FREQ:1>7"
    "<BAND:3>40M<RST_SENT:3>599<RST_RCVD:3>599"
    "<SRX_STRING:3>SSA<DXCC:3>284<EOR>")
```

After this setup, `print(header)` will print out a valid ADIF file start:

>  <ADIF_VER:5>3.1.0 <EOH>

(This starts with a blank space, as the ADIF spec demands a header must not
start with the `<` character.)

And 

```python
for qso in qsos:
    print(qso)
```

prints

> <QSO_DATE:8>20190714 <TIME_ON:4>1140 <CALL:5>LY0HQ <MODE:2>CW <BAND:3>40M <RST_RCVD:3>599 <RST_SENT:3>599 <SRX_STRING:4>LRMD <STX_STRING:2>28 <EOR>
> 
> <QSO_DATE:8>20190714 <TIME_ON:4>1130 <CALL:5>SE9HQ <FREQ:1>7 <MODE:2>CW <BAND:3>40M <DXCC:3>284 <RST_RCVD:3>599 <RST_SENT:3>599 <SRX_STRING:3>SSA <EOR>
> 

So `str(qso)` for a single QSO generates that QSO as an ADIF string.

Fine points:

- The ADIF string of the headers or that of a QSO are each terminated by a `\n`.
- ADIF allows lower- and upper case field names. You can feed either to this software.
- Field names are consistently converted to upper case internally.
- Any non-field text in the header or in a QSO or between QSOs is ignored.
  (This may change at some undetermined time in the future.)
- Value content is always a string.
- Fields with zero-length content are treated as non-existent.
- The output of a single QSO has a few important fields first, 
  then all other fields in alphabetic order.
  The details may change over time.
- Some QSO fields, in particular `CALL` and `MODE`, are automatically converted to upper case on output.
  This is not done systematically (for other fields that would also benefit from this),
  and the details may change.

## Convenience file writing

You can write QSOs to a new ADI file by calling:

```python
adif_io.write_to_file(filename, qsos)
```

If you have headers, too, do:

```
adif_io.write_to_file(filename, qsos, headers)
```

These two normally writes UTF-8, but that can be tweaked with an
optional `encoding=` argument, similar to what `read_from_file`
expects.

## Time on and time off

Given one `qso` dict, you can also have the QSO's start time calculated as a Python `datetime.datetime` value:

    adif_io.time_on(qsos[0])

If your QSO data also includes `TIME_OFF` fields (and, ideally, though
not required, `QSO_DATE_OFF`), this will also work:

    adif_io.time_off(qsos[0])

## Geographic coordinates - to some degree

ADIF uses a somewhat peculiar 11 character `XDDD MM.MMM` format to
code geographic coordinates (fields `LAT` or `LON`).  The more common
format these days are simple floats that code degrees.  You can convert
from one to the other:

```
adif_io.degrees_from_location("N052 26.592") # Result: 52.4432
adif_io.location_from_degrees(52.4432, True) # Result: "N052 26.592"
```

The additional `bool` argument of `location_from_degrees` should be
`True` for latitudes (N / S) and `False` for longitudes (E / W).

## ADIF version

There is little ADIF-version-specific here.  (Everything should work
with ADI-files of ADIF version 3.1.6, if you want to nail it.)

## Output of ADIF



## Not supported: ADIF data types.

This parser knows nothing about ADIF data types or enumerations.
Everything is a string. So in that sense, this parser is fairly simple.

But it does correcly handle things like:

    <notes:66>In this QSO, we discussed ADIF and in particular the <eor> marker.

So, in that sense, this parser is _somewhat_ sophisticated.

## Only ADI.

This parser only handles ADI files. It knows nothing of the ADX file format.

## Sample code

Here is some sample code:

```
import adif_io

qsos_raw, adif_header = adif_io.read_from_file("log.adi")

# The QSOs are probably sorted by QSO time already, but make sure:
qsos_raw_sorted = sorted(qsos_raw, key = adif_io.time_on)
```

Pandas / Jupyter users may want to add `import pandas as pd`
up above and continue like this:

```
qsos = pd.DataFrame(qsos_raw_sorted)
qsos.info()
```


## (Somewhat) related software

I'm aware of (listing those does not neccessarily imply an endorsement):

- [cabrillo](https://github.com/thxo/cabrillo) Python library
- Any amateur radio QSO logging software. Open Source options include
    - [CQRLog](https://www.cqrlog.com/)
    - [not1mm](https://pypi.org/project/not1mm/)
    - [cloudlog]()
    - [wavelog](https://www.wavelog.org/)
- [ADIF-Multitool](https://github.com/flwyd/adif-multitool).
