SETREUID(3POSIX)

PROLOG
This manual page is part of the POSIX Programmer's Manual. The Linux implementation of this interface may differ (consult the corresponding Linux manual page for details of Linux behavior), or the interface may not be implemented on Linux.

NAME
setreuid — set real and effective user IDs

SYNOPSIS

#include <unistd.h>

int setreuid(uid_t ruid, uid_t euid);

DESCRIPTION
The setreuid() function shall set the real and effective user IDs of the current process to the values specified by the ruid and euid arguments. If ruid or euid is -1, the corresponding effective or real user ID of the current process shall be left unchanged.

A process with appropriate privileges can set either ID to any value. An unprivileged process can only set the effective user ID if the euid argument is equal to either the real, effective, or saved user ID of the process.

If the real user ID is being set (ruid is not -1), or the effective user ID is being set to a value not equal to the real user ID, then the saved set-user-ID of the current process shall be set equal to the new effective user ID.

It is unspecified whether a process without appropriate privileges is permitted to change the real user ID to match the current effective user ID or saved set-user-ID of the process.

RETURN VALUE
Upon successful completion, 0 shall be returned. Otherwise, -1 shall be returned and errno set to indicate the error.

ERRORS
The setreuid() function shall fail if:

EINVAL
    The value of the ruid or euid argument is invalid or out-of-range.

EPERM
    The current process does not have appropriate privileges, and either an attempt was made to change the effective user ID to a value other than the real user ID or the saved set-user-ID or an attempt was made to change the real user ID to a value not permitted by the implementation.

The following sections are informative.

EXAMPLES

  Setting the Effective User ID to the Real User ID

The following example sets the effective user ID of the calling process to the real user ID, so that files created later will be owned by the current user. It also sets the saved set-user-ID to the real user ID, so any future attempt to set the effective user ID back to its previous value will fail.

    #include <unistd.h>
    #include <sys/types.h>
    ...
    setreuid(getuid(), getuid());
    ...

APPLICATION USAGE
None.

RATIONALE
Earlier versions of this standard did not specify whether the saved set-user-ID was affected by setreuid() calls. This version specifies common existing practice that constitutes an important security feature. The ability to set both the effective user ID and saved set-user-ID to be the same as the real user ID means that any security weakness in code that is executed after that point cannot result in malicious code being executed with the previous effective user ID. Privileged applications could already do this using just setuid(), but for non-privileged applications the only standard method available is to use this feature of setreuid().

FUTURE DIRECTIONS
None.

SEE ALSO
getegid(), geteuid(), getgid(), getuid(), setegid(), seteuid(), setgid(), setregid(), setuid()

The Base Definitions volume of POSIX.1-2017, <unistd.h>

COPYRIGHT
Portions of this text are reprinted and reproduced in electronic form from IEEE Std 1003.1-2017, Standard for Information Technology -- Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX), The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, 2018 Edition, Copyright (C) 2018 by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc and The Open Group. In the event of any discrepancy between this version and the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard, the original IEEE and The Open Group Standard is the referee document. The original Standard can be obtained online at http://www.opengroup.org/unix/online.html .

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