# Using the V2 client API

## Introduction

The main concepts in the Identity v2 API are:

> - tenants

> - users

> - roles

> - services

> - endpoints

The V2 client API lets you query and make changes through managers. For example, to manipulate tenants, you interact with a `keystoneclient.v2_0.tenants.TenantManager` object.

You obtain access to managers via attributes of the `keystoneclient.v2_0.client.Client` object. For example, the `tenants` attribute of the `Client` class is a tenant manager:

    >>> from keystoneclient.v2_0 import client
    >>> keystone = client.Client(...)
    >>> keystone.tenants.list() # List tenants

You create a valid `keystoneclient.v2_0.client.Client` object by passing a `Session` to the constructor. Authentication and examples of common tasks are provided below.

You can generally expect that when the client needs to propagate an exception it will raise an instance of subclass of `keystoneclient.exceptions.ClientException`

## Authenticating

There are two ways to authenticate against keystone:

  - against the admin endpoint with the admin token

  - against the public endpoint with a username and password

If you are an administrator, you can authenticate by connecting to the admin endpoint and using the admin token (sometimes referred to as the service token). The token is specified as the `admin_token` configuration option in your keystone.conf config file, which is typically in /etc/keystone:

    >>> from keystoneauth1.identity import v2
    >>> from keystoneauth1 import session
    >>> from keystoneclient.v2_0 import client
    >>> token = '012345SECRET99TOKEN012345'
    >>> endpoint = 'http://192.168.206.130:35357/v2.0'
    >>> auth = v2.Token(auth_url=endpoint, token=token)
    >>> sess = session.Session(auth=auth)
    >>> keystone = client.Client(session=sess)

If you have a username and password, authentication is done against the public endpoint. You must also specify a tenant that is associated with the user:

    >>> from keystoneauth1.identity import v2
    >>> from keystoneauth1 import session
    >>> from keystoneclient.v2_0 import client
    >>> username='adminUser'
    >>> password='secretword'
    >>> tenant_name='openstackDemo'
    >>> auth_url='http://192.168.206.130:5000/v2.0'
    >>> auth = v2.Password(username=username, password=password,
    ...                    tenant_name=tenant_name, auth_url=auth_url)
    >>> sess = session.Session(auth=auth)
    >>> keystone = client.Client(session=sess)

## Creating tenants

This example will create a tenant named openstackDemo:

    >>> from keystoneclient.v2_0 import client
    >>> keystone = client.Client(...)
    >>> keystone.tenants.create(tenant_name="openstackDemo",
    ...                         description="Default Tenant", enabled=True)
    <Tenant {'id': '9b7962da6eb04745b477ae920ad55939', 'enabled': True, 'description': 'Default Tenant', 'name': 'openstackDemo'}>

## Creating users

This example will create a user named adminUser with a password secretword in the openstackDemo tenant. We first need to retrieve the tenant:

    >>> from keystoneclient.v2_0 import client
    >>> keystone = client.Client(...)
    >>> tenants = keystone.tenants.list()
    >>> my_tenant = [x for x in tenants if x.name=='openstackDemo'][0]
    >>> my_user = keystone.users.create(name="adminUser",
    ...                                 password="secretword",
    ...                                 tenant_id=my_tenant.id)

## Creating roles and adding users

This example will create an admin role and add the my_user user to that role, but only for the my_tenant tenant:

    >>> from keystoneclient.v2_0 import client
    >>> keystone = client.Client(...)
    >>> role = keystone.roles.create('admin')
    >>> my_tenant = ...
    >>> my_user = ...
    >>> keystone.roles.add_user_role(my_user, role, my_tenant)

## Creating services and endpoints

This example will create the service and corresponding endpoint for the Compute service:

    >>> from keystoneclient.v2_0 import client
    >>> keystone = client.Client(...)
    >>> service = keystone.services.create(name="nova", service_type="compute",
    ...                                    description="Nova Compute Service")
    >>> keystone.endpoints.create(
    ...     region="RegionOne", service_id=service.id,
    ...     publicurl="http://192.168.206.130:8774/v2/%(tenant_id)s",
    ...     adminurl="http://192.168.206.130:8774/v2/%(tenant_id)s",
    ...     internalurl="http://192.168.206.130:8774/v2/%(tenant_id)s")

this page last updated: 2026-04-01 09:38:00

Except where otherwise noted, this document is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. See all OpenStack Legal Documents.

found an error? report a bug