LIBTRACEEVENT(3)

NAME
tep_plugin_kvm_get_func, tep_plugin_kvm_put_func - Add function name for instruction pointer of kvm plugin

SYNOPSIS

#include <event-parse.h>

const char *tep_plugin_kvm_get_func(struct tep_event *event,
                                    struct tep_record *record,
                                    unsigned long long *paddr);
void tep_plugin_kvm_put_func(const char *func);

DESCRIPTION

The functions tep_plugin_kvm_get_func() and tep_plugin_kvm_put_func() are not to be called by an application, but instead are to be defined by an application.

Certain events (like kvm_exit and kvm_entry) have the instruction pointer of where in the guest the context changed from guest to host. As the host only knows the instruction pointer and does not have information about what function in the guest that instruction pointer belongs to, it can only print the address.

But the application may have more information about the guest, and know where the guest was when the exit occurred, and also even know the function name of that address.

The KVM plugin for libtraceevent is called on these events, and then calls tep_plugin_kvm_get_func() to see if that function can resolve the instruction pointer address to a real function name. If the return is non NULL, it will print the function in the output for that event.

These functions are currently defined as weak functions within the plugin, as to not require them to be defined elsewhere. For an application to override the weak function, it will need to define the function in a file that gets compiled with -rdynamic. That will tell the dynamic linker to examine that object file and use function names to resolve weak functions in other shared objects (in this case the KVM plugin shared object).

If the application defines tep_plugin_kvm_get_func(), it must use the above prototype. The event will hold the KVM event that has the instruction pointer field. The record will be the instance of that event. The application’s function does not need to use these parameters, but they may be useful for finding the function name for the address. The paddr is a pointer to a 64 bit value (where only 32 bits may be used on 32 bit machines). This value is the instruction pointer to look up. If the application knows the start address of the function as well, it can set paddr to that address, and the KVM plugin will also append a "+offset" to the function name where the offset is the original value in paddr minus the value in paddr when it is called. Finally, the application should return the function name as a nul terminated string if one is found.

If the returned string of tep_plugin_kvm_get_func() was allocated, the KVM plugin will call tep_plugin_kvm_put_func() when it is through with it, passing the value returned by tep_plugin_kvm_get_func() as func. This allows the application to free it if necessary.

RETURN VALUE

The tep_plugin_kvm_get_func() is not to be called by the application but instead is to be defined by the application. It should return a nul terminated string representing the function for the given instruction pointer passed to it by reference in paddr. It can then optionally update the paddr to a value that holds the start of the function. The string returned may be freed by the tep_plugin_kvm_put_func() that the application should define to clean up the string.

The below example needs to be compiled with the -rdynamic flag so that the dynamic linker can resolve the tep_plugin_kvm_get_func() and tep_plugin_kvm_put_func() functions.

When run against a trace.dat file produced by trace-cmd(1) recording the kvm_exit and kvm_entry events on a guest, and then the guest’s /proc/kallsyms file is passed as the second parameter, the output produced will look something like:

    CPU 0/KVM-20407 83156.177626 [000] kvm_exit     reason APIC_ACCESS rip 0xffffffffb0056ee2 exit native_apic_mem_write+0x2 info 10b0 0
    CPU 0/KVM-20407 83156.177632 [000] kvm_entry     vcpu 0 rip 0xffffffffb0056ee8 enter native_apic_mem_write+0x8

But without those callbacks, it would look like:

    CPU 0/KVM-20407 83156.177626 [000] kvm_exit     reason APIC_ACCESS rip 0xffffffffb0056ee2 info 10b0 0
    CPU 0/KVM-20407 83156.177632 [000] kvm_entry     vcpu 0 rip 0xffffffffb0056ee8

EXAMPLE

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <stdlib.h>
    #include <event-parse.h>
    #include <trace-cmd.h>
    #include <sys/stat.h>

    static struct tep_handle *tep;

    const char *tep_plugin_kvm_get_func(struct tep_event *event, struct tep_record *record,
                                        unsigned long long *paddr)
    {
            const char *func;
            char *event_func;
            char *ename;

            func = tep_find_function(tep, *paddr);
            if (!func)
                    return NULL;

            if (strcmp(event->name, "kvm_exit") == 0)
                    ename = "exit";
            else
                    ename = "enter";

            /*
             * Normally, passing back func directly is sufficient and then
             * tep_plugin_kvm_put_func() would not be required. But this example
             * is showing how to handle allocation of the returned string.
             */
            event_func = malloc(strlen(ename) + strlen(func) + 2);
            if (!event_func)
                    return NULL;
            sprintf(event_func, "%s %s", ename, func);

            *paddr = tep_find_function_address(tep, *paddr);

            return event_func;
    }

    void tep_plugin_kvm_put_func(const char *func)
    {
            char *f = (char *)func;

            free(f);
    }

    static int show_event(struct tracecmd_input *handle, struct tep_event *event,
                          struct tep_record *record, int cpu, void *data)
    {
            static struct trace_seq seq;
            tep = data;

            if (!seq.buffer)
                    trace_seq_init(&seq);

            trace_seq_reset(&seq);
            tep_print_event(tracecmd_get_tep(handle), &seq, record,
                            "%s-%d\t%6.1000d [%03d] %s\t%s\n",
                            TEP_PRINT_COMM, TEP_PRINT_PID,
                            TEP_PRINT_TIME, TEP_PRINT_CPU,
                            TEP_PRINT_NAME, TEP_PRINT_INFO);
            trace_seq_terminate(&seq);
            trace_seq_do_printf(&seq);
            return 0;
    }

    int main(int argc, char **argv)
    {
            struct tracecmd_input *handle;
            struct tep_handle *guest_tep;
            struct stat st;
            FILE *fp;
            char *buf;

            if (argc < 3) {
                    printf("usage: trace.dat guest_kallsyms_file\n");
                    exit(-1);
            }

            handle = tracecmd_open(argv[1], 0);
            if (!handle) {
                    perror(argv[1]);
                    exit(-1);
            }

            /* Just for kallsyms parsing */
            guest_tep = tep_alloc();
            if (!guest_tep)
                    exit(-1);

            if (stat(argv[2], &st) < 0) {
                    perror(argv[2]);
                    exit(-1);
            }

            buf = malloc(st.st_size + 1);
            if (!buf)
                    exit(-1);

            fp = fopen(argv[2], "r");
            if (!fp) {
                    perror(argv[2]);
                    exit(-1);
            }

            if (fread(buf, st.st_size, 1, fp) < 0) {
                    perror(argv[2]);
                    exit(-1);
            }

            buf[st.st_size] = '\0';

            if (tep_parse_kallsyms(guest_tep, buf) < 0) {
                    printf("Failed to parse %s\n", argv[2]);
                    exit(-1);
            }
            free(buf);

            tracecmd_follow_event(handle, "kvm", "kvm_exit", show_event, guest_tep);
            tracecmd_follow_event(handle, "kvm", "kvm_entry", show_event, guest_tep);

            tracecmd_iterate_events(handle, NULL, 0, NULL, NULL);

            tep_free(guest_tep);
            tracecmd_close(handle);
    }

FILES

    event-parse.h
            Header file to include in order to have access to the library APIs.
    -ltraceevent
            Linker switch to add when building a program that uses the library.

SEE ALSO

libtraceevent(3), trace-cmd(1)

REPORTING BUGS

Report bugs to <linux-trace-devel@vger.kernel.org[1]>

LICENSE

libtraceevent is Free Software licensed under the GNU LGPL 2.1

RESOURCES

https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/libs/libtrace/libtraceevent.git/

NOTES

1.  linux-trace-devel@vger.kernel.org
    mailto:linux-trace-devel@vger.kernel.org