LVEXTEND(8)

NAME
lvextend — Add space to a logical volume

SYNOPSIS
lvextend option_args position_args
    [ option_args ]
    [ position_args ]

    --alloccontiguous|cling|cling_by_tags|normal|anywhere|inherit
 -A|--autobackup y|n
    --commandprofile String
    --config String
 -d|--debug
    --devices PV
    --devicesfile String
    --driverloaded y|n
 -l|--extents [+]Number[PERCENT]
 -f|--force
    --fs String
    --fsmode String
 -h|--help
    --journal String
    --lockopt String
    --longhelp
 -m|--mirrors Number
 -n|--nofsck
    --nohints
    --nolocking
    --nosync
    --noudevsync
    --poolmetadatasize [+]Size[m|UNIT]
    --profile String
 -q|--quiet
    --reportformat basic|json|json_std
 -r|--resizefs
 -L|--size [+]Size[m|UNIT]
 -i|--stripes Number
 -I|--stripesize Size[k|UNIT]
 -t|--test
    --typelinear|striped|snapshot|raid|mirror|thin|thin-pool|vdo|vdo-pool|cache|cache-pool|writecache
    --usepolicies
 -v|--verbose
    --version
 -y|--yes

DESCRIPTION
lvextend extends the size of an LV. This requires allocating logical extents from the VG's free physical extents. If the extension adds a new LV segment, the new segment will use the existing segment type of the LV.

Extending a copy-on-write snapshot LV adds space for COW blocks.

Use lvconvert(8) to change the number of data images in a RAID or mirrored LV.

In the usage section below, --size Size can be replaced with --extents Number. See both descriptions the options section.

USAGE
Extend an LV by a specified size.

lvextend -L|--size [+]Size[m|UNIT] LV
    [ -l|--extents [+]Number[PERCENT] ]
    [ -r|--resizefs ]
    [ -i|--stripes Number ]
    [ -I|--stripesize Size[k|UNIT] ]
    [ --poolmetadatasize [+]Size[m|UNIT] ]
    [ --fs String ]
    [ --fsmode String ]
    [ COMMON_OPTIONS ]
    [ PV ... ]

—

Extend an LV by specified PV extents.

lvextend LV PV ...
    [ -r|--resizefs ]
    [ -i|--stripes Number ]
    [ -I|--stripesize Size[k|UNIT] ]
    [ --fs String ]
    [ --fsmode String ]
    [ COMMON_OPTIONS ]

—

Extend a pool metadata SubLV by a specified size.

lvextend --poolmetadatasize [+]Size[m|UNIT] LV1
    [ -i|--stripes Number ]
    [ -I|--stripesize Size[k|UNIT] ]
    [ COMMON_OPTIONS ]
    [ PV ... ]

    LV1 types: linear thinpool

—

Extend an LV according to a predefined policy.

lvextend --usepolicies LV1
    [ -r|--resizefs ]
    [ --fs String ]
    [ --fsmode String ]
    [ COMMON_OPTIONS ]
    [ PV ... ]

    LV1 types: snapshot thinpool vdopool

—

Common options for command:
    [ -A|--autobackup y|n ]
    [ -f|--force ]
    [ -m|--mirrors Number ]
    [ -n|--nofsck ]
    [ --alloc contiguous|cling|cling_by_tags|normal|anywhere|inherit ]
    [ --nosync ]
    [ --noudevsync ]
    [ --reportformat basic|json|json_std ]
    [ --type linear|striped|snapshot|raid|mirror|thin|thin-pool|vdo|vdo-pool|cache|cache-pool|writecache ]

Common options for lvm:
    [ -d|--debug ]
    [ -h|--help ]
    [ -q|--quiet ]
    [ -t|--test ]
    [ -v|--verbose ]
    [ -y|--yes ]
    [ --commandprofile String ]
    [ --config String ]
    [ --devices PV ]
    [ --devicesfile String ]
    [ --driverloaded y|n ]
    [ --journal String ]
    [ --lockopt String ]
    [ --longhelp ]
    [ --nohints ]
    [ --nolocking ]
    [ --profile String ]
    [ --version ]

OPTIONS

--alloc contiguous|cling|cling_by_tags|normal|anywhere|inherit
Determines the allocation policy when a command needs to allocate Physical Extents (PEs) from the VG. Each VG and LV has an allocation policy which can be changed with vgchange/lvchange, or overridden on the command line. normal applies common sense rules such as not placing parallel stripes on the same PV. inherit applies the VG policy to an LV. contiguous requires new PEs be placed adjacent to existing PEs. cling places new PEs on the same PV as existing PEs in the same stripe of the LV. If there are sufficient PEs for an allocation, but normal does not use them, anywhere will use them even if it reduces performance, e.g. by placing two stripes on the same PV. Optional positional PV args on the command line can also be used to limit which PVs the command will use for allocation. See lvm(8) for more information about allocation.

-A|--autobackup y|n
Specifies if metadata should be backed up automatically after a change. Enabling this is strongly advised! See vgcfgbackup(8) for more information.

--commandprofile String
The command profile to use for command configuration. See lvm.conf(5) for more information about profiles.

--config String
Config settings for the command. These override lvm.conf(5) settings. The String arg uses the same format as lvm.conf(5), or may use section/field syntax. See lvm.conf(5) for more information about config.

-d|--debug ...
Set debug level. Repeat from 1 to 6 times to increase the detail of messages sent to the log file and/or syslog (if configured).

--devices PV
Restricts the devices that are visible and accessible to the command. Devices not listed will appear to be missing. This option can be repeated, or accepts a comma separated list of devices. This overrides the devices file.

--devicesfile String
A file listing devices that LVM should use. The file must exist in /etc/lvm/devices/ and is managed with the lvmdevices(8) command. This overrides the lvm.conf(5) devices/devicesfile and devices/use_devicesfile settings.

--driverloaded y|n
If set to no, the command will not attempt to use device-mapper. For testing and debugging.

-l|--extents [+]Number[PERCENT]
Specifies the new size of the LV in logical extents. The --size and --extents options are alternate methods of specifying size. The total number of physical extents used will be greater when redundant data is needed for RAID levels. An alternate syntax allows the size to be determined indirectly as a percentage of the size of a related VG, LV, or set of PVs. The suffix %VG denotes the total size of the VG, the suffix %FREE the remaining free space in the VG, and the suffix %PVS the free space in the specified PVs. For a snapshot, the size can be expressed as a percentage of the total size of the origin LV with the suffix %ORIGIN (100%ORIGIN provides space for the whole origin). When expressed as a percentage, the size defines an upper limit for the number of logical extents in the new LV. The precise number of logical extents in the new LV is not determined until the command has completed. When the plus + or minus - prefix is used, the value is not an absolute size, but is relative and added or subtracted from the current size.

-f|--force ...
Override various checks, confirmations and protections. Use with extreme caution.

--fs String
Control file system resizing when resizing an LV. checksize: Check the fs size and reduce the LV if the fs is not using the reduced space (fs reduce is not needed.) If the reduced space is used by the fs, then do not resize the fs or LV, and return an error. (checksize only applies when reducing, and does nothing for extend.) resize: Resize the fs by calling the fs-specific resize command. This may also include mounting, unmounting, or running fsck. See --fsmode to control mounting behavior, and --nofsck to disable fsck. resize_fsadm: Use the old method of calling fsadm to handle the fs (deprecated.) Warning: this option does not prevent lvreduce from destroying file systems that are unmounted (or mounted if prompts are skipped.) ignore: Resize the LV without checking for or handling a file system. Warning: using ignore when reducing the LV size may destroy the file system.

--fsmode String
Control file system mounting behavior for fs resize. manage: Mount or unmount the fs as needed to resize the fs, and attempt to restore the original mount state at the end. nochange: Do not mount or unmount the fs. If mounting or unmounting is required to resize the fs, then do not resize the fs or the LV and fail the command. offline: Unmount the fs if it is mounted, and resize the fs while it is unmounted. If mounting is required to resize the fs, then do not resize the fs or the LV and fail the command.

-h|--help
Display help text.

--journal String
Record information in the systemd journal. This information is in addition to information enabled by the lvm.conf log/journal setting. command: record information about the command. output: record the default command output. debug: record full command debugging.

--lockopt String
Used to pass options for special cases to lvmlockd. See lvmlockd(8) for more information.

--longhelp
Display long help text.

-m|--mirrors Number
Not used.

-n|--nofsck
Do not perform fsck when resizing the file system with --resizefs.

--nohints
Do not use the hints file to locate devices for PVs. A command may read more devices to find PVs when hints are not used. The command will still perform standard hint file invalidation where appropriate.

--nolocking
Disable locking. Use with caution, concurrent commands may produce incorrect results.

--nosync
Causes the creation of mirror, raid1, raid4, raid5 and raid10 to skip the initial synchronization. In case of mirror, raid1 and raid10, any data written afterwards will be mirrored, but the original contents will not be copied. In case of raid4 and raid5, no parity blocks will be written, though any data written afterwards will cause parity blocks to be stored. This is useful for skipping a potentially long and resource intensive initial sync of an empty mirror/raid1/raid4/raid5 and raid10 LV. This option is not valid for raid6, because raid6 relies on proper parity (P and Q Syndromes) being created during initial synchronization in order to reconstruct proper user date in case of device failures. raid0 and raid0_meta do not provide any data copies or parity support and thus do not support initial synchronization.

--noudevsync
Disables udev synchronization. The process will not wait for notification from udev. It will continue irrespective of any possible udev processing in the background. Only use this if udev is not running or has rules that ignore the devices LVM creates.

--poolmetadatasize [+]Size[m|UNIT]
Specifies the new size of the pool metadata LV. The plus prefix + can be used, in which case the value is added to the current size.

--profile String
An alias for --commandprofile or --metadataprofile, depending on the command.

-q|--quiet ...
Suppress output and log messages. Overrides --debug and --verbose. Repeat once to also suppress any prompts with answer 'no'.

--reportformat basic|json|json_std
Overrides current output format for reports which is defined globally by the report/output_format setting in lvm.conf(5). basic is the original format with columns and rows. If there is more than one report per command, each report is prefixed with the report name for identification. json produces report output in JSON format. json_std produces report output in JSON format which is more compliant with JSON standard. See lvmreport(7) for more information.

-r|--resizefs
Resize the fs using the fs-specific resize command. May include mounting, unmounting, or running fsck. See --fsmode to control mounting behavior, and --nofsck to disable fsck. See --fs for more options (--resizefs is equivalent to --fs resize.)

-L|--size [+]Size[m|UNIT]
Specifies the new size of the LV. The --size and --extents options are alternate methods of specifying size. The total number of physical extents used will be greater when redundant data is needed for RAID levels. When the plus + or minus - prefix is used, the value is not an absolute size, but is relative and added or subtracted from the current size.

-i|--stripes Number
Specifies the number of stripes in a striped LV. This is the number of PVs (devices) that a striped LV is spread across. Data that appears sequential in the LV is spread across multiple devices in units of the stripe size (see --stripesize). This does not change existing allocated space, but only applies to space being allocated by the command. When creating a RAID 4/5/6 LV, this number does not include the extra devices that are required for parity. The largest number depends on the RAID type (raid0: 64, raid10: 32, raid4/5: 63, raid6: 62), and when unspecified, the default depends on the RAID type (raid0: 2, raid10: 2, raid4/5: 3, raid6: 5.) To stripe a new raid LV across all PVs by default, see lvm.conf(5) allocation/raid_stripe_all_devices.

-I|--stripesize Size[k|UNIT]
The amount of data that is written to one device before moving to the next in a striped LV.

-t|--test
Run in test mode. Commands will not update metadata. This is implemented by disabling all metadata writing but nevertheless returning success to the calling function. This may lead to unusual error messages in multi-stage operations if a tool relies on reading back metadata it believes has changed but hasn't.

--type linear|striped|snapshot|raid|mirror|thin|thin-pool|vdo|vdo-pool|cache|cache-pool|writecache
The LV type, also known as "segment type" or "segtype". See usage descriptions for the specific ways to use these types. For more information about redundancy and performance (raid<N>, mirror, striped, linear) see lvmraid(7). For thin provisioning (thin, thin-pool) see lvmthin(7). For performance caching (cache, cache-pool) see lvmcache(7). For copy-on-write snapshots (snapshot) see usage definitions. For VDO (vdo) see lvmvdo(7). Several commands omit an explicit type option because the type is inferred from other options or shortcuts (e.g. --stripes, --mirrors, --snapshot, --virtualsize, --thin, --cache, --vdo). Use inferred types with care because it can lead to unexpected results.

--usepolicies
Perform an operation according to the policy configured in lvm.conf(5) or a profile.

-v|--verbose ...
Set verbose level. Repeat from 1 to 4 times to increase the detail of messages sent to stdout and stderr.

--version
Display version information.

-y|--yes
Do not prompt for confirmation interactively but always assume the answer yes. Use with extreme caution. (For automatic no, see -qq.)

VARIABLES

LV  Logical Volume name. See lvm(8) for valid names. An LV positional arg generally includes the VG name and LV name, e.g. VG/LV. LV1 indicates the LV must have a specific type, where the accepted LV types are listed. (raid represents raid<N> type).

PV  Physical Volume name, a device path under /dev. For commands managing physical extents, a PV positional arg generally accepts a suffix indicating a range (or multiple ranges) of physical extents (PEs). When the first PE is omitted, it defaults to the start of the device, and when the last PE is omitted it defaults to end. Start and end range (inclusive): PV[:PE-PE]... Start and length range (counting from 0): PV[:PE+PE]...

String
    See the option description for information about the string content.

Size[UNIT]
    Size is an input number that accepts an optional unit. Input units are always treated as base two values, regardless of capitalization, e.g. 'k' and 'K' both refer to 1024. The default input unit is specified by letter, followed by |UNIT. UNIT represents other possible input units: b|B is bytes, s|S is sectors of 512 bytes, k|K is KiB, m|M is MiB, g|G is GiB, t|T is TiB, p|P is PiB, e|E is EiB. (This should not be confused with the output control --units, where capital letters mean multiple of 1000.)

ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
See lvm(8) for information about environment variables used by lvm. For example, LVM_VG_NAME can generally be substituted for a required VG parameter.

EXAMPLES
Extend the size of an LV by 54MiB, using a specific PV.
lvextend -L +54 vg01/lvol10 /dev/sdk3

Extend the size of an LV by the amount of free space on PV /dev/sdk3. This is equivalent to specifying "-l +100%PVS" on the command line.
lvextend vg01/lvol01 /dev/sdk3

Extend an LV by 16MiB using specific physical extents.
lvextend -L+16m vg01/lvol01 /dev/sda:8-9 /dev/sdb:8-9

Extend an LV to use all remaining free space in volume group and all resize its filesystem with fsadm(8).
lvextend -l+100%FREE -r vg01/lvol01

SEE ALSO
lvm(8), lvm.conf(5), lvmconfig(8), lvmdevices(8),

pvchange(8), pvck(8), pvcreate(8), pvdisplay(8), pvmove(8), pvremove(8), pvresize(8), pvs(8), pvscan(8),

vgcfgbackup(8), vgcfgrestore(8), vgchange(8), vgck(8), vgcreate(8), vgconvert(8), vgdisplay(8), vgexport(8), vgextend(8), vgimport(8), vgimportclone(8), vgimportdevices(8), vgmerge(8), vgmknodes(8), vgreduce(8), vgremove(8), vgrename(8), vgs(8), vgscan(8), vgsplit(8),

lvcreate(8), lvchange(8), lvconvert(8), lvdisplay(8), lvextend(8), lvreduce(8), lvremove(8), lvrename(8), lvresize(8), lvs(8), lvscan(8),

lvm-fullreport(8), lvm-lvpoll(8), blkdeactivate(8), lvmdump(8),

dmeventd(8), lvmpolld(8), lvmlockd(8), lvmlockctl(8), cmirrord(8), lvmdbusd(8), fsadm(8),

lvmsystemid(7), lvmreport(7), lvmcache(7), lvmraid(7), lvmthin(7), lvmvdo(7), lvmautoactivation(7)