Adding a side bar
| Chapter 31. Building applications |

## Adding a side bar

As another piece of functionality, we are adding a sidebar, which demonstrates `Gtk::Revealer` and `Gtk::ListBox`. The new widgets are added in the `window.ui` file.

The code to populate the sidebar with buttons for the words found in each file is a little too involved to go into here. But we'll look at the code to add a checkbutton for the new feature to the menu. A menu item is added to the ui file `gears_menu.ui`.

To connect the menu item to the new `show-words` setting, we use a `Gio::Action` corresponding to the given `Gio::Settings` key. In `ExampleAppWindow`'s constructor:

    // Connect the menu to the MenuButton m_gears, and bind the show-words setting
    // to the win.show-words action and the "Words" menu item.
    // (The connection between action and menu item is specified in gears_menu.ui.)
    auto menu_builder = Gtk::Builder::create_from_resource("/org/gtkmm/exampleapp/gears_menu.ui");
    auto menu = menu_builder->get_object<Gio::MenuModel>("menu");
    m_gears->set_menu_model(menu);
    add_action(m_settings->create_action("show-words"));

What our application looks like now:

Figure 31.7. Adding a side bar

Source Code

File: `exampleapplication.h` (For use with gtkmm 4)

    #include "../step4/exampleapplication.h"
    // Equal to the corresponding file in step4

File: `exampleappprefs.h` (For use with gtkmm 4)

    #include "../step5/exampleappprefs.h"
    // Equal to the corresponding file in step5

File: `exampleappwindow.h` (For use with gtkmm 4)

    #ifndef GTKMM_EXAMPLEAPPWINDOW_H_
    #define GTKMM_EXAMPLEAPPWINDOW_H_

    #include <gtkmm.h>

    #define HAS_SEARCH_ENTRY2 GTKMM_CHECK_VERSION(4,13,2)

    class ExampleAppWindow : public Gtk::ApplicationWindow
    {
    public:
      ExampleAppWindow(BaseObjectType* cobject,
        const Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Builder>& refBuilder);

      static ExampleAppWindow* create();

      void open_file_view(const Glib::RefPtr<Gio::File>& file);

    protected:
      // Signal handlers
      void on_search_text_changed();
      void on_visible_child_changed();
      void on_find_word(const Gtk::Button* button);
      void on_reveal_child_changed();

      void update_words();

      Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Builder> m_refBuilder;
      Glib::RefPtr<Gio::Settings> m_settings;
      Gtk::Stack* m_stack {nullptr};
      Gtk::ToggleButton* m_search {nullptr};
      Gtk::SearchBar* m_searchbar {nullptr};
    #if HAS_SEARCH_ENTRY2
      Gtk::SearchEntry2* m_searchentry {nullptr};
    #else
      Gtk::SearchEntry* m_searchentry {nullptr};
    #endif
      Gtk::MenuButton* m_gears {nullptr};
      Gtk::Revealer* m_sidebar {nullptr};
      Gtk::ListBox* m_words {nullptr};
      Glib::RefPtr<Glib::Binding> m_prop_binding;
    };

    #endif /* GTKMM_EXAMPLEAPPWINDOW_H */

File: `exampleapplication.cc` (For use with gtkmm 4)

    #include "../step5/exampleapplication.cc"
    // Equal to the corresponding file in step5

File: `exampleappprefs.cc` (For use with gtkmm 4)

    #include "../step5/exampleappprefs.cc"
    // Equal to the corresponding file in step5

File: `exampleappwindow.cc` (For use with gtkmm 4)

    #include "exampleappwindow.h"
    #include <iostream>
    #include <stdexcept>
    #include <set>

    ExampleAppWindow::ExampleAppWindow(BaseObjectType* cobject,
      const Glib::RefPtr<Gtk::Builder>& refBuilder)
    : Gtk::ApplicationWindow(cobject),
      m_refBuilder(refBuilder)
    {
      // Get widgets from the Gtk::Builder file.
      m_stack = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::Stack>("stack");
      if (!m_stack)
        throw std::runtime_error("No \"stack\" object in window.ui");

      m_search = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::ToggleButton>("search");
      if (!m_search)
        throw std::runtime_error("No \"search\" object in window.ui");

      m_searchbar = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::SearchBar>("searchbar");
      if (!m_searchbar)
        throw std::runtime_error("No \"searchbar\" object in window.ui");

    #if HAS_SEARCH_ENTRY2
      m_searchentry = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::SearchEntry2>("searchentry");
    #else
      m_searchentry = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::SearchEntry>("searchentry");
    #endif
      if (!m_searchentry)
        throw std::runtime_error("No \"searchentry\" object in window.ui");

      m_gears = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::MenuButton>("gears");
      if (!m_gears)
        throw std::runtime_error("No \"gears\" object in window.ui");

      m_sidebar = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::Revealer>("sidebar");
      if (!m_sidebar)
        throw std::runtime_error("No \"sidebar\" object in window.ui");

      m_words = m_refBuilder->get_widget<Gtk::ListBox>("words");
      if (!m_words)
        throw std::runtime_error("No \"words\" object in window.ui");

      // Bind settings.
      m_settings = Gio::Settings::create("org.gtkmm.exampleapp");
      m_settings->bind("transition", m_stack->property_transition_type());
      m_settings->bind("show-words", m_sidebar->property_reveal_child());

      // Bind properties.
      m_prop_binding = Glib::Binding::bind_property(m_search->property_active(),
        m_searchbar->property_search_mode_enabled(), Glib::Binding::Flags::BIDIRECTIONAL);

      // Connect signal handlers.
      m_searchentry->signal_search_changed().connect(
        sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleAppWindow::on_search_text_changed));
      m_stack->property_visible_child().signal_changed().connect(
        sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleAppWindow::on_visible_child_changed));
      m_sidebar->property_reveal_child().signal_changed().connect(
        sigc::mem_fun(*this, &ExampleAppWindow::on_reveal_child_changed));

      // Connect the menu to the MenuButton m_gears, and bind the show-words setting
      // to the win.show-words action and the "Words" menu item.
      // (The connection between action and menu item is specified in gears_menu.ui.)
      auto menu_builder = Gtk::Builder::create_from_resource("/org/gtkmm/exampleapp/gears_menu.ui");
      auto menu = menu_builder->get_object<Gio::MenuModel>("menu");
      if (!menu)
        throw std::runtime_error("No \"menu\" object in gears_menu.ui");

      m_gears->set_menu_model(menu);
      add_action(m_settings->create_action("show-words"));
    }

    //static
    ExampleAppWindow* ExampleAppWindow::create()
    {
      // Load the Builder file and instantiate its widgets.
      auto refBuilder = Gtk::Builder::create_from_resource("/org/gtkmm/exampleapp/window.ui");

      auto window = Gtk::Builder::get_widget_derived<ExampleAppWindow>(refBuilder, "app_window");
      if (!window)
        throw std::runtime_error("No \"app_window\" object in window.ui");

      return window;
    }

    void ExampleAppWindow::open_file_view(const Glib::RefPtr<Gio::File>& file)
    {
      const Glib::ustring basename = file->get_basename();

      auto scrolled = Gtk::make_managed<Gtk::ScrolledWindow>();
      scrolled->set_expand(true);
      auto view = Gtk::make_managed<Gtk::TextView>();
      view->set_editable(false);
      view->set_cursor_visible(false);
      scrolled->set_child(*view);
      m_stack->add(*scrolled, basename, basename);

      auto buffer = view->get_buffer();
      try
      {
        char* contents = nullptr;
        gsize length = 0;

        file->load_contents(contents, length);
        buffer->set_text(contents, contents+length);
        g_free(contents);
      }
      catch (const Glib::Error& ex)
      {
        std::cout << "ExampleAppWindow::open_file_view(\"" << file->get_parse_name()
          << "\"):\n  " << ex.what() << std::endl;
        return;
      }

      auto tag = buffer->create_tag();
      m_settings->bind("font", tag->property_font());
      buffer->apply_tag(tag, buffer->begin(), buffer->end());

      m_search->set_sensitive(true);
      update_words();
    }

    void ExampleAppWindow::on_search_text_changed()
    {
      const auto text = m_searchentry->get_text();
      if (text.empty())
        return;

      auto tab = dynamic_cast<Gtk::ScrolledWindow*>(m_stack->get_visible_child());
      if (!tab)
      {
        std::cout << "ExampleAppWindow::on_search_text_changed(): No visible child." << std::endl;
        return;
      }

      auto view = dynamic_cast<Gtk::TextView*>(tab->get_child());
      if (!view)
      {
        std::cout << "ExampleAppWindow::on_search_text_changed(): No visible text view." << std::endl;
        return;
      }

      // Very simple-minded search implementation.
      auto buffer = view->get_buffer();
      Gtk::TextIter match_start;
      Gtk::TextIter match_end;
      if (buffer->begin().forward_search(text, Gtk::TextSearchFlags::CASE_INSENSITIVE,
          match_start, match_end))
      {
        buffer->select_range(match_start, match_end);
        view->scroll_to(match_start);
      }
    }

    void ExampleAppWindow::on_visible_child_changed()
    {
      m_searchbar->set_search_mode(false);
      update_words();
    }

    void ExampleAppWindow::on_find_word(const Gtk::Button* button)
    {
      m_searchentry->set_text(button->get_label());
    }

    void ExampleAppWindow::on_reveal_child_changed()
    {
      update_words();
    }

    void ExampleAppWindow::update_words()
    {
      auto tab = dynamic_cast<Gtk::ScrolledWindow*>(m_stack->get_visible_child());
      if (!tab)
        return;

      auto view = dynamic_cast<Gtk::TextView*>(tab->get_child());
      if (!view)
      {
        std::cout << "ExampleAppWindow::update_words(): No visible text view." << std::endl;
        return;
      }
      auto buffer = view->get_buffer();

      // Find all words in the text buffer.
      std::set<Glib::ustring> words;
      auto start = buffer->begin();
      Gtk::TextIter end;
      while (start)
      {
        while (start && !start.starts_word())
          ++start;

        if (!start)
          break;

        end = start;
        end.forward_word_end();
        if (start == end)
          break;

        auto word = buffer->get_text(start, end, false);
        words.insert(word.lowercase());
        start = end;
      }

      // Remove old children from the ListBox.
      while (auto child = m_words->get_first_child())
        m_words->remove(*child);

      // Add new child buttons, one per unique word.
      for (const auto& word : words)
      {
        auto row = Gtk::make_managed<Gtk::Button>(word);
        row->signal_clicked().connect(sigc::bind(sigc::mem_fun(*this,
          &ExampleAppWindow::on_find_word), row));
        m_words->append(*row);
      }
    }

File: `main.cc` (For use with gtkmm 4)

    #include "../step6/main.cc"
    // Equal to the corresponding file in step6

File: `gears_menu.ui` (For use with gtkmm 4)

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <interface>
      <menu id="menu">
        <section>
          <item>
            <attribute name="label" translatable="yes">_Words</attribute>
            <attribute name="action">win.show-words</attribute>
          </item>
          <item>
            <attribute name="label" translatable="yes">_Preferences</attribute>
            <attribute name="action">app.preferences</attribute>
          </item>
        </section>
        <section>
          <item>
            <attribute name="label" translatable="yes">_Quit</attribute>
            <attribute name="action">app.quit</attribute>
          </item>
        </section>
      </menu>
    </interface>

File: `window.ui` (For use with gtkmm 4)

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <interface>
      <object class="GtkApplicationWindow" id="app_window">
        <property name="title" translatable="yes">Example Application</property>
        <property name="default-width">600</property>
        <property name="default-height">400</property>
        <child type="titlebar">
          <object class="GtkHeaderBar" id="header">
            <child type="title">
              <object class="GtkStackSwitcher" id="tabs">
                <property name="stack">stack</property>
              </object>
            </child>
            <child type="end">
              <object class="GtkToggleButton" id="search">
                <property name="sensitive">False</property>
                <property name="icon-name">edit-find-symbolic</property>
              </object>
            </child>
            <child type="end">
              <object class="GtkMenuButton" id="gears">
                <property name="direction">none</property>
              </object>
            </child>
          </object>
        </child>
        <child>
          <object class="GtkBox" id="content_box">
            <property name="orientation">vertical</property>
            <child>
              <object class="GtkSearchBar" id="searchbar">
                <child>
                  <object class="GtkSearchEntry" id="searchentry">
                  </object>
                </child>
              </object>
            </child>
            <child>
              <object class="GtkBox" id="hbox">
                <child>
                  <object class="GtkRevealer" id="sidebar">
                    <property name="transition-type">slide-right</property>
                    <child>
                     <object class="GtkScrolledWindow" id="sidebar-sw">
                       <property name="hscrollbar-policy">never</property>
                       <child>
                         <object class="GtkListBox" id="words">
                           <property name="selection-mode">none</property>
                         </object>
                       </child>
                     </object>
                    </child>
                  </object>
                </child>
                <child>
                  <object class="GtkStack" id="stack">
                    <property name="transition-duration">500</property>
                  </object>
                </child>
              </object>
            </child>
          </object>
        </child>
      </object>
    </interface>

File: `org.gtkmm.exampleapp.gschema.xml` (For use with gtkmm 4)

    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
    <schemalist>
      <schema path="/org/gtkmm/exampleapp/" id="org.gtkmm.exampleapp">
        <key name="font" type="s">
          <default>'Monospace 12'</default>
          <summary>Font</summary>
          <description>The font to be used for content.</description>
        </key>
        <key name="transition" type="s">
          <choices>
            <choice value='none'/>
            <choice value='crossfade'/>
            <choice value='slide-left-right'/>
          </choices>
          <default>'none'</default>
          <summary>Transition</summary>
          <description>The transition to use when switching tabs.</description>
        </key>
        <key name="show-words" type="b">
          <default>false</default>
          <summary>Show words</summary>
          <description>Whether to show a word list in the sidebar.</description>
        </key>
      </schema>
    </schemalist>

Adding a search bar |  | Properties