#### 25.7.6 Checking for Pending Signals ¶

You can find out which signals are pending at any time by calling `sigpending`. This function is declared in `signal.h`.

Function: `int` sigpending `(sigset_t *set)` ¶

  Preliminary: | MT-Safe | AS-Unsafe lock/hurd | AC-Unsafe lock/hurd | See POSIX Safety Concepts.

  The `sigpending` function stores information about pending signals in set. If there is a pending signal that is blocked from delivery, then that signal is a member of the returned set. (You can test whether a particular signal is a member of this set using `sigismember`; see Signal Sets.)

  The return value is `0` if successful, and `-1` on failure.

Testing whether a signal is pending is not often useful. Testing when that signal is not blocked is almost certainly bad design.

Here is an example.

    #include <signal.h>
    #include <stddef.h>

    sigset_t base_mask, waiting_mask;

    sigemptyset (&base_mask);
    sigaddset (&base_mask, SIGINT);
    sigaddset (&base_mask, SIGTSTP);

    /* Block user interrupts while doing other processing. */
    sigprocmask (SIG_SETMASK, &base_mask, NULL);
    ...

    /* After a while, check to see whether any signals are pending. */
    sigpending (&waiting_mask);
    if (sigismember (&waiting_mask, SIGINT)) {
      /* User has tried to kill the process. */
    }
    else if (sigismember (&waiting_mask, SIGTSTP)) {
      /* User has tried to stop the process. */
    }

Remember that if there is a particular signal pending for your process, additional signals of that same type that arrive in the meantime might be discarded. For example, if a `SIGINT` signal is pending when another `SIGINT` signal arrives, your program will probably only see one of them when you unblock this signal.

Portability Note: The `sigpending` function is new in POSIX.1. Older systems have no equivalent facility.