# dbus.proxies module

class dbus.proxies.Interface(object, dbus_interface)

  Bases: `object`

  An interface into a remote object.

  An Interface can be used to wrap ProxyObjects so that calls can be routed to their correct D-Bus interface.

  property bus_name

    The bus name to which the underlying proxy object is bound

  connect_to_signal(signal_name, handler_function, dbus_interface=None, **keywords)

    Arrange for a function to be called when the given signal is emitted.

    The parameters and keyword arguments are the same as for dbus.proxies.ProxyObject.connect_to_signal, except that if dbus_interface is None (the default), the D-Bus interface that was passed to the Interface constructor is used.

  property dbus_interface

    The D-Bus interface represented

  get_dbus_method(member, dbus_interface=None)

    Return a proxy method representing the given D-Bus method.

    This is the same as dbus.proxies.ProxyObject.get_dbus_method except that if dbus_interface is None (the default), the D-Bus interface that was passed to the Interface constructor is used.

  property object_path

    The D-Bus object path of the underlying object

  property proxy_object

    The underlying proxy object

  property requested_bus_name

    The bus name which was requested when the underlying object was created

class dbus.proxies.ProxyObject(conn=None, bus_name=None, object_path=None, introspect=True, follow_name_owner_changes=False, **kwargs)

  Bases: `object`

  A proxy to the remote Object.

  A ProxyObject is provided by the Bus. ProxyObjects have member functions, and can be called like normal Python objects.

  DeferredMethodClass

    alias of `_DeferredMethod`

  INTROSPECT_STATE_DONT_INTROSPECT = 0
  INTROSPECT_STATE_INTROSPECT_DONE = 2
  INTROSPECT_STATE_INTROSPECT_IN_PROGRESS = 1
  ProxyMethodClass

    alias of `_ProxyMethod`

  property bus_name

    The bus name to which this proxy is bound. (Read-only, may change.)

    If the proxy was instantiated using a unique name, this property is that unique name.

    If the proxy was instantiated with a well-known name and with `follow_name_owner_changes` set false (the default), this property is the unique name of the connection that owned that well-known name when the proxy was instantiated, which might not actually own the requested well-known name any more.

    If the proxy was instantiated with a well-known name and with `follow_name_owner_changes` set true, this property is that well-known name.

  connect_to_signal(signal_name, handler_function, dbus_interface=None, **keywords)

    Arrange for the given function to be called when the given signal is received.

    Parameters:
      signal_name str

        The name of the signal

      handler_function callable

        A function to be called when the signal is emitted by the remote object. Its positional arguments will be the arguments of the signal; optionally, it may be given keyword arguments as described below.

      dbus_interface str

        Optional interface with which to qualify the signal name. If None (the default) the handler will be called whenever a signal of the given member name is received, whatever its interface.

    Keywords:
      utf8_strings bool

        If True, the handler function will receive any string arguments as dbus.UTF8String objects (a subclass of str guaranteed to be UTF-8). If False (default) it will receive any string arguments as dbus.String objects (a subclass of unicode).

      byte_arrays bool

        If True, the handler function will receive any byte-array arguments as dbus.ByteArray objects (a subclass of str). If False (default) it will receive any byte-array arguments as a dbus.Array of dbus.Byte (subclasses of: a list of ints).

      sender_keyword str

        If not None (the default), the handler function will receive the unique name of the sending endpoint as a keyword argument with this name

      destination_keyword str

        If not None (the default), the handler function will receive the bus name of the destination (or None if the signal is a broadcast, as is usual) as a keyword argument with this name.

      interface_keyword str

        If not None (the default), the handler function will receive the signal interface as a keyword argument with this name.

      member_keyword str

        If not None (the default), the handler function will receive the signal name as a keyword argument with this name.

      path_keyword str

        If not None (the default), the handler function will receive the object-path of the sending object as a keyword argument with this name

      message_keyword str

        If not None (the default), the handler function will receive the dbus.lowlevel.SignalMessage as a keyword argument with this name.

      arg…unicode or UTF-8 str

        If there are additional keyword parameters of the form `arg` n, match only signals where the nth argument is the value given for that keyword parameter. As of this time only string arguments can be matched (in particular, object paths and signatures can’t).

      arg0namespace str

        If not None (the default) match only signals where the first argument is a string that either is equal to the keyword parameter, or starts with the keyword parameter followed by a dot (and optionally more text).

      arg…path: str

        If there are additional keyword parameters of the form `arg` n `path`, match only signals where the nth argument is either equal or matches in a path-like manner. A path-like comparison matches when either the keyword or the argument ends with a ‘/’ and is a prefix of the other. An example argument path match is arg0path=’/aa/bb/’. This would match messages with first arguments of ‘/’, ‘/aa/’, ‘/aa/bb/’, ‘/aa/bb/cc/’ and ‘/aa/bb/cc’. It would not match messages with first arguments of ‘/aa/b’, ‘/aa’ or even ‘/aa/bb’.

  get_dbus_method(member, dbus_interface=None)

    Return a proxy method representing the given D-Bus method. The returned proxy method can be called in the usual way. For instance,

        proxy.get_dbus_method("Foo", dbus_interface='com.example.Bar')(123)

    is equivalent to:

        proxy.Foo(123, dbus_interface='com.example.Bar')

    or even:

        getattr(proxy, "Foo")(123, dbus_interface='com.example.Bar')

    However, using get_dbus_method is the only way to call D-Bus methods with certain awkward names - if the author of a service implements a method called `connect_to_signal` or even `__getattr__`, you’ll need to use get_dbus_method to call them.

    For services which follow the D-Bus convention of CamelCaseMethodNames this won’t be a problem.

  property object_path

    The object-path of this proxy.

  property requested_bus_name

    The bus name which was requested when this proxy was instantiated.